Solar physics with the Square Kilometre Array

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will be the largest radio telescope ever built, aiming to provide collecting area larger than 1?km². The SKA will have two independent instruments, SKA-LOW comprising of dipoles organized as aperture arrays in Australia and SKA-MID comprising of dishes in South Africa. Currently the phase-1 of SKA, referred to as SKA1, is in its late design stage and construction is expected to start in 2020. Both SKA1-LOW (frequency range of 50–350?MHz) and SKA1-MID Bands 1, 2, and 5 (frequency ranges of 350–1050, 950–1760, and 4600–15,300?MHz, respectively) are important for solar observations. In this paper we present SKA’s unique capabilities in terms of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution, as well as sensitivity and show that they have the potential to provide major new insights in solar physics topics of capital importance including (i) the structure and evolution of the solar corona, (ii) coronal heating, (iii) solar flare dynamics including particle acceleration and transport, (iv) the dynamics and structure of coronal mass ejections, and (v) the solar aspects of space weather. Observations of the Sun jointly with the new generation of ground-based and space-borne instruments promise unprecedented discoveries.     

平面感应式脉冲等离子体推力器高速脉冲气体供给阀的试验验证

摘要： 本文针对国防科技大学的平面感应脉冲等离子体推力器（IPPT）原型机，设计了一种基于感应涡流斥力原理的快速脉冲气体供给阀.该阀采用截锥型铍青铜簧片作为执行构件，依靠簧片开启过程中弹性变形产生的弹力提供闭合所需回复力，避免了使用额外的回复力机构,使阀整体结构得到极大简化.性能测试结果表明，该阀的动作延迟时间小于35 μs.在阀腔气体压力为100 kPa时，最大单脉冲供气量为2.5 mg.响应特性和供气量特性均满足目前IPPT原型机的需求.此外，该阀可通过调节初始充电电压和阀腔气体压力实现供气量调节.该阀可以为后续推力器原型机多工况性能试验提供有力支持.     

基于事件触发的航天器变周期控制方法研究

摘要： 随着未来航天技术的发展对航天器自主性工作的要求越来越高，星上嵌入式系统所需处理的数据量也急剧增大.而如何在通信与计算资源约束下保证航天器性能就成为一个关键问题.本文基于事件触发控制方法，提出一种在保证控制性能前提下能够大幅降低星上总线负载的航天器姿态控制方法.并从扰动系统理论出发，给出算法的设计流程和稳定性证明.通过仿真算例验证算法的有效性.     

空间光学敏感器成像组件抗力学稳定性分析与评价

摘要： 成像组件是空间光学敏感器和光学相机的核心组件，其抗力学稳定性直接影响单机的测量精度.为了提高其抗力学性能，本文首先对成像组件结构进行了力学分析，并通过试验验证了分析方法的有效性.由于仿真分析只能对抗力学稳定性进行定性评价，本文设计了实验来定量评价，并提出了一种成像组件抗力学稳定性评价方法.最后，应用该评价方法对三种结构进行了抗力学稳定性分析、试验和测试.结果表明，本文提出的评价方法与力学仿真结合试验的评价方法对三种结构的评价结论是一致的.而本文的量化评价方法可以给出结构力学试验后的滑移值和机械基准变化值，为产品的研制提供数据参考.该方法可应用于对位置变化敏感的空间光学仪器的研制过程.     

Reverberation time lags in the high luminosity quasar PG 1247+267

Virial estimates of the black hole mass in the center of AGNs, derived from single-epoch observations of luminosity and emission line widths, are now available for several thousands of objects at all redshifts and luminosities, so that studies of the cosmological evolution of the AGN mass function are becoming possible. These estimates are based on the empirical luminosity-size relation measured through reverberation mapping at low redshifts and luminosities. For this reason the spectrophotometric monitoring of 4 luminous quasars was started in 2003, with the 1.8 m telescope of the Asiago Observatory. To measure the reverberation time lag we adopt a method, recently introduced by Zu et al. (2011), which takes advantage of the available statistical information on variability autocorrelation and makes simple assumptions on the continuum-emission line transfer function. We present the estimate of the broad line region size for the quasar PG 1247+267, which is the most luminous object with reverberation measures to date. Virial products computed for C iv and C iii] emission lines provide consistent results. A possible flattening of the size-luminosity relation for C iv at high luminosity is suggested.     

Orbital corrections by a single-input impulsive control applied along the geomagnetic field

This paper examines the possibility of regular orbital corrections for a satellite controlled by an impulsive force applied along the induction vector of the local geomagnetic field. The main purpose of the correcting considered in the paper is to eliminate the drift in secular variation of the relative orbital parameters over the orbital period. The obtained results are applied to the formation flying problem. The developed method is tested using numerical simulation.     

航天器复杂约束姿态机动的自主规划

 研究了星载设备经受动态环境的多种几何约束和动力学约束时,航天器姿态机动历程的星上规划方法。将完整姿态映射为三维姿态描述空间中的点,姿态路径的规划问题转化为中间节点的规划。随机搜索空间中的一组节点,在相邻节点间采用施加动力学约束的Euler转动姿态制导律,并考查Euler转动过程中的几何约束。用快速搜索随机树方法搜索到可行解,再利用姿态空间特性对路径加以优化。仿真显示算法能在大范围内快速得到可行解,优化措施有助缩短机动时间。离散化的节点规划保证了复杂约束情况下解的有效性,并具有概率完备性。     

不同金属基体上W-C:H 溅射薄膜的摩擦学性能

采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在40Cr、9Cr18、GCr15、TC4及LY12等5种金属基体上沉积了钨掺杂含氢类金刚石(W-C:H)薄膜。采用Raman光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、纳米硬度计及纳米划痕仪分别测试了薄膜的微结构、厚度、硬度及附着力,采用球-盘摩擦试验机及光学轮廓仪分别在干摩擦和PFPE脂润滑条件下评价了5种金属材料基体上薄膜的摩擦磨损性能。薄膜性能测试结果显示,该厚度为1μm的薄膜具有典型的类金刚石结构,硬度与弹性模量分别为11.56和128.34 GPa,附着力为645 m N;摩擦试验结果显示,在干摩擦条件下几种金属基体表面W-C:H薄膜的摩擦因数和磨损率差别比较显著,而在脂润滑条件下基体材料的影响较小;与干摩擦条件相比,脂润滑条件下薄膜的磨损可减少60%~75%;在干摩擦与脂润滑条件下,9Cr18与40Cr基体上的W-C:H薄膜摩擦体系分别具有最小的磨损率1.71×10-7mm3/(N·m)及4.55×10-8mm3/(N·m)。     

TC16钛合金六角自锁螺母加工技术研究

TC16钛合金六角自锁螺母是飞机结构中一种先进的连接件,具有质量轻、强度高、耐腐蚀、抗振动等特点,大量应用于新型飞机中。本文在TC16钛合金自锁螺母加工技术研究中,解决了热处理加工技术,热处理污染去除技术,缩紧工艺技术,性能试验技术,完成了工艺路线设计,收口尺寸的确定等加工技术关键,全面掌握钛合金六角自锁螺母加工技术。     

Multi-scale reconnections in a complex CME

A series of three flares of GOES class M, M and C, and a CME were observed on 20 January 2004 occurring in close succession in NOAA 10540. Types II, III, and N radio bursts were associated. We use the combined observations from TRACE, EIT, Hα images from Kwasan Observatory, MDI magnetograms, GOES, and radio observations from Culgoora and Wind/ WAVES to understand the complex development of this event. We reach three main conclusions. First, we link the first two impulsive flares to tether-cutting reconnections and the launch of the CME. This complex observation shows that impulsive quadrupolar flares can be eruptive. Second, we relate the last of the flares, an LDE, to the relaxation phase following forced reconnections between the erupting flux rope and neighbouring magnetic field lines, when reconnection reverses and restores some of the pre-eruption magnetic connectivities. Finally, we show that reconnection with the magnetic structure of a previous CME launched about 8 h earlier injects electrons into open field lines having a local dip and apex (located at about six solar radii height). This is observed as an N-burst at decametre radio wavelengths. The dipped shape of these field lines is due to large-scale magnetic reconnection between expanding magnetic loops and open field lines of a neighbouring streamer. This particular situation explains why this is the first N-burst ever observed at long radio wavelengths.