基于朴素贝叶斯K近邻的快速图像分类算法

朴素贝叶斯最近邻(NBNN)分类算法具有非特征量化和图像-类别度量方式的优点,但算法运行速度较慢,分类正确率较低.针对此问题,提出一种朴素贝叶斯K近邻分类算法,基于快速近似最近邻(FLANN)搜索特征的K近邻用于分类决策并去除背景信息对分类性能的影响;为了进一步提高算法的运行速度及减少算法的内存开销,采用特征选择的方式分别减少测试图像和训练图像集的特征数目,并尝试同时减少测试图像和训练图像集中的特征数目平衡分类正确率与分类时间之间的矛盾.该算法保留了原始NBNN算法的优点,无需参数学习的过程,实验结果验证了算法的正确性和有效性.     

超声复合研磨光学玻璃机理及表面特征

根据光学玻璃硬度高和脆性大的特点,从理论上分析了超声波研磨加工光学玻璃材料的去除机理,试验表明,超声加工工具振动振幅为0.03～0.1mm,频率为16～ 25 kHz条件下,超声波的超精密加工光学玻璃比不加超声振动加工材料去除率高1.5倍左右,表面质量好,粗糙度值降低100％左右.     

八节点Hamiltonian等参元列式

为了使平面八节点等参元的优越性在弹性力学Hamilton正则方程的半解析法得到应用。结合弹性材料修正后的Hellinger—Reissner（H—R）变分原理和二次插值函数表达平面外应力和位移函数,建立了Hamilton正则方程的八节点等参元列式。首先简要地介绍了弹性材料修正后的H—R变分原理．然后用二次插值函数表示平面外应力和位移变量,并详细地推导了Hamilton正则方程的八节点等参元列式。数值实例结果证明了本文等参元列式的正确性。     

鸟撞高速摄影试验与过程研究

研究鸟撞问题时,一个很关键的问题是鸟撞载荷力学模型的建立.对飞机风挡进行全尺寸鸟撞试验,通过对鸟弹撞击风挡玻璃过程高速摄影、动态应变测量等试验结果的分析,提出了斜撞击过程的鸟撞载荷可以简化为三角形脉冲的简化分析模型,利用该简化载荷模型对风挡玻璃鸟撞进行的有限元分析,结果和试验结果很好地相符.      

Influence of uniaxial tensile pre-strain on forming limit curve by using biaxial tensile test

This paper focused on the effect of pre-strain on forming limit curves (FLC) of 5754-O aluminum alloy sheet through utilizing biaxial tensile approach. Based on Swift model and Yld2000-2d yield criterion, the dimensions of cruciform specimen was optimized through applying finite element method for increasing the strain at specimen center. After that, with the recommended specimen size, the cruciform specimen was tested under various stroke ratios to experimentally characterize the limit strains under different pre-strain levels. Subsequently, the biaxial tensile tests were simulated by Abaqus to obtain the limit strains and validate the material models. It can be observed in both experiments and simulations that the pre-strained uniaxial tension followed by plane tension or equi-biaxial tension can improve the formability of sheet metals. Besides, the strain path change affects the trend of first derivative of strain rate difference between neighboring points with respect to time. An early increase occurred and then fell back to the stable value, the steady evolution continued until to a new increase reaching the critical value. The M–K prediction approach was simulated to verify the influence of pre-strain on FLC. It can be found that the early increase peaks of the major strain incremental ratio rose with the amplitude of pre-strain. Finally, the phenomenon of pseudolocalization caused by the strain path change was explained through evolution of stress state inside the groove.     

赵振兴院士访谈

2009年4月13日,赵振业院士（上图左）接受了本刊编辑部主任李华文（上图右）的专访。在访谈中,赵院士介绍了应用于WP7、WJ6等发动机压气机叶片和盘的不锈钢GX-8（1Cr12Ni2WMoVnbA）的研制历程,指出该钢的研制融合了西方国家和前苏联合金钢的设计思路,兼具高耐热性和高冲击韧性;介绍了中国第1个航空中温超高强度钢GC-19（38Cr2Mo2VA）的研制历程,指出该钢的应用使得中国制造的飞机后机身构件具有超高强度的设计目标得以实现;介绍了为解决一直困扰中国制造的飞机起落架寿命短的问题而研制的国产300M钢,指出该钢的研制成功使中国飞机起落架用超高强度钢从此走上了双真空高纯熔炼之路,进而使中国飞机起落架从此走上了长寿命、高可靠性之路;最后介绍了中国尚未进行重点研究发展的轴承齿轮钢在国外的研制情况。     

Multi-objective output-feedback control for microsatellite attitude control: An LMI approach

Mixed H₂/H_∞ output-feedback controller with pole placement constraints against the internal uncertainty of moment-of-inertia variation and space environmental disturbances is proposed for mircosatellite attitude control. The multi-objective controller is designed based on linear model of attitude dynamics. The H_∞ performance takes into account both robustness stability against moments-of-inertia uncertainty and the disturbance rejection aspect. H₂ performance takes into account the LQG aspect which avoids the undesirable wheels’ saturation effect. In addition, the closed-loop poles can be forced into some sector of the stable half-plane to obtain well-damped transient responses. The problem is then reduced to a convex optimization involving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), so it can be efficiently solved. The simulation results demonstrate that the presented mixed H₂/H_∞ control system is robust stable and optimal in the sense of H₂ norm, and has good steady-state and dynamic performances against the parameter uncertainties and various disturbances for the microsatellite attitude control system.     

上面级快速星图匹配算法研究

现有星图匹配算法存在搜索时间慢、算法实时性差的问题。为了满足上面级实时性的要求,文章采用K矢量查找算法来提高查找快速性,选择星对角矩作为星图匹配的特征量,构造星对角矩矢量,采用星棱锥星图匹配算法进行星图识别。最后采用上下位机的形式进行仿真分析,结果表明采用该星棱锥快速星图匹配算法成功率在99%以上,识别时间最长约为100ms,平均时间在15ms以内。该算法能够满足上面级对匹配算法快速性和高精度的要求。     

镍铬-镍硅热电偶特性分析与应用研究

以镍铬-镍硅热电偶在火箭发动机试验中的应用为研究对象。对其特性和影响测量的主要因素进行了论述。对镍铬-镍硅热电偶在使用中的劣化问题进行了研究和探讨,结果表明重复使用后的镍铬-镍硅热电偶的劣化是不可避免的,其劣化程度随封装形式、使用温度、直径及使用时间的不同而异,并根据多次试验数据的积累,总结出了相应的处理方法。