Update on Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Program and Development

China began to develop its meteorological satellite program since 1969. With 50-years' growing, there are 17 Fengyun (FY) meteorological satellites launched successfully. At present, seven of them are in orbit to provide the operational service, including three polar orbiting meteorological satellites and four geostationary meteorological satellites. Since last COSPAR report, no new Fengyun satellite has been launched. The information of the on-orbit FY-2 series, FY-3 series, and FY-4 series has been updated. FY-3D and FY-2H satellites accomplished the commission test and transitioned into operation in 2018. FY-2E satellite completed its service to decommission in 2019. The web-based users and Direct Broadcasting (DB) users keep growing worldwide to require the Fengyun satellite data and products. A new Mobile Application Service has been launched to Fengyun users based on the cloud technology in 2018. In this report, the international and regional co-operations to facilitate the Fengyun user community have been addressed especially. To strengthen the data service in the Belt and Road countries, the Emergency Support Mechanism of Fengyun satellite (FY_ESM) has been established since 2018. Meanwhile, a Recalibrating 30-years' archived Fengyun satellite data project has been founded since 2018. This project targets to generate the Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) as a space agency response to the Global Climate Observation System (GCOS). At last, the future Fengyun program up to 2025 has been introduced as well.     

Comparative study of foF2 measurements with IRI-2007 model predictions during extended solar minimum

The unusually deep and extended solar minimum of cycle 23/24 made it very difficult to predict the solar indices 1 or 2 years into the future. Most of the predictions were proven wrong by the actual observed indices. IRI gets its solar, magnetic, and ionospheric indices from an indices file that is updated twice a year. In recent years, due to the unusual solar minimum, predictions had to be corrected downward with every new indices update. In this paper we analyse how much the uncertainties in the predictability of solar activity indices affect the IRI outcome and how the IRI values calculated with predicted and observed indices compared to the actual measurements. Monthly median values of F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from the ionosonde measurements at the mid-latitude ionospheric station Juliusruh were compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007) model predictions. The analysis found that IRI provides reliable results that compare well with actual measurements, when the definite (observed and adjusted) indices of solar activity are used, while IRI values based on earlier predictions of these indices noticeably overestimated the measurements during the solar minimum. One of the principal objectives of this paper is to direct attention of IRI users to update their solar activity indices files regularly. Use of an older index file can lead to serious IRI overestimations of F-region electron density during the recent extended solar minimum.     

两种初始对准算法的比较研究

初始对准的精度作为影响惯性导航系统精度的核心因素,一直受到广泛的研究。传统初始对准算法存在对扰动敏感、对准时间长、需要小失准角假设等诸多缺陷。针对传统算法的不足,有学者最近提出了一些思路新颖的初始对准算法,如优化对准算法和基于频域分离算子的初始对准算法。本文对比研究了这两种初始对准算法的基本原理,通过摇摆台实测数据对两种算法进行了验证,对工程应用具有一定的参考价值。     

诱饵诱偏无人机截获系统的仿真分析

诱偏技术是电子对抗中自我保护的有效方法.在分析电扫恒差比幅测向原理的基础上,讨论了设置诱饵情况下无人机截获系统测向的误差;在射频仿真系统中,对诱饵、雷达与无人机的相对位置关系进行了研究,给出了算法,最后通过仿真对其进行了验证.这对电子对抗中武器系统诱偏技术的应用、射频仿真系统功能完善以及武器系统作战效能评估等研究都具有一定的参考价值.     

岁差章动模型更新等因素对坐标转换的影响

GCRS(Geocentric Celestial Reference System,地心天球参考系)与ITRS(International Terrestrial Reference System,国际地球参考系)之间的坐标转换方法与岁差章动模型密切相关,IERS(International Earth Rotation and reference systems Service,国际地球自转与参考系服务)规范先后推荐了3组不同的岁差章动模型。论文分析了基于春分点的坐标转换过程,在比较3组岁差章动模型间差异的基础上,以太阳系10个天体为例,计算了岁差章动模型更新、极移、世界时与地球时差值等因素对坐标转换影响的具体数值。结果表明,IAU 2006岁差-IAU 2000AR06章动与IAU 2000岁差-IAU 2000A章动间的差异,对坐标转换的影响在0.5mas以内;而IAU1976岁差-IERS 1996章动与前2组岁差章动间的差异,对坐标转换影响的最大值达到37mas;极移对坐标转换影响的最大值达到0.6″,远高于岁差章动模型更新所带来的影响;当忽略世界时与地球时的差异时,结果完全错误。通过此分析,明确了极移、世界时与地球时的差异对坐标转换影响的具体数值,可为工程计算中岁差章动模型的选取提供参考依据。     

一种摄录设备的检测方法研究

摄录设备小型化完成后,移植到不会造成人员伤亡的无人机上,应用在军事或高危领域。为避免拍摄失败,需要大量且周全的飞行前检查测试。介绍了某摄录设备的结构原理,论述了地面检测的环境方法,通过地面与空中视频图像的对比,验证了检测方法的合理性。     

关于大电流测试问题的研究

采用电流比较仪,AD交直流标准电阻,高准确度数字多用表组成校验系统,解决大电流测试问题.     

F-region ionospheric parameters observed in the equatorial and low latitude regions during medium solar activity in the Brazilian sector and comparison with the IRI-2007 model results

The ionospheric sounding observations using the Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosondes (CADIs) operational at Palmas (PAL; 10.2°S, 48.2°W; dip latitude 6.6°S; a near-equatorial station), and São José dos Campos (SJC, 23.2°S, 45.9°W; dip latitude 17.6°S; a low-latitude station located under the southern crest of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly), Brazil, are analyzed during the different seasons viz., winter (June and July 2003), spring (September and October 2003), summer (December 2003 and January 2004), and fall (March and April 2004). The period used has medium solar activity (sunspot number between 77.4 and 39.3). The seasonal mean variations (using only geomagnetically quiet days) of the ionospheric parameters foF2 (critical frequency of the F-region), hpF2 (virtual height at 0.834 foF2; considered to be close to hmF2 (peak height of the F-region)), and h’F (minimum virtual height of the F-region) are calculated and compared between PAL and SJC. The prominent differences between PAL and SJC are as follows: h’F variations show strong post-sunset enhancement at PAL during the seasons of spring, summer, and fall; hpF2 variations show pre-sunrise uplifting of the F-layer at both stations during all the seasons and the hpF2 values during the daytime are lower at SJC compared with PAL during all the seasons; the foF2 variations show mid-day bite-out at PAL during all the seasons and SJC shows strong equatorial ionospheric anomaly during summer and fall seasons. Also, the seasonal variations of the ionospheric parameters foF2 and hpF2 (with ±1 standard deviation) observed at PAL and SJC are compared with the IRI-2007 model results of foF2 and hmF2. In addition, variations of the foF2 and hpF2 observed at SJC are compared with the IRI-2001 model results of foF2 and hmF2. It should be pointed out that the ionospheric parameter hpF2 is much easier to obtain using computer program developed at UNIVAP compared with hmF2 (using POLAN program). During the daytime due to underlying ionization hpF2 estimated is higher (approximately 50 km) than the true peak height hmF2. During the nighttime hpF2 is fairly close to hmF2. The comparison between the foF2 variations observed at PAL and SJC with the IRI-2007 model results shows a fairly good agreement during all the seasons. However, the comparison between the hpF2 variations observed at PAL and SJC with the hmF2 variations with the IRI-2007 model results shows: (1) a fairly good agreement during the nighttime in all the seasons; (2) the model results do not show the pre-sunrise uplifting of the F-layer at PAL and SJC in any season; (3) the model results do not show the post-sunset uplifting of the F-layer at PAL; (4) considering that, in general, hpF2 is higher than hmF2 during the daytime by about 50 km, the model results are in good agreement at PAL and SJC during all the seasons except summer at SJC, when large discrepancies in the observed hpF2 and modeled hmF2 are observed. Also, it has been observed that, in general, hmF2 values for SJC calculated using IRI-2001 are higher than IRI-2007 during the daytime in winter, summer, and fall. However, hmF2 values for SJC calculated using IRI-2001, are lower than IRI-2007 during the nighttime in spring.