Improvement of the real time total electron content based on the International Reference Ionosphere model

One of the methods to adapt the International Reference Ionosphere model to real time conditions is to use instantaneous values of the critical frequency of the ionosphere foF2. It is shown that there can be large discrepancies between model and experimental values of the total electron content TEC after this adaptation. Improvement can be provided by the use of an empirical model of the ionospheric slab thickness τ. This conclusion is based on analysis of contributions of various correction factors connected with foF2 and τ into discrepancies between model and experimental values of TEC.     

航空运输业排放权交易研究

首先介绍了排放权交易的起源、概念、经济理论和国际法基础,然后重点总结了欧盟将航空运输活动纳入排放权交易的主要内容,最后,提出了我国民航实施排放权交易需解决的关键问题。     

毫米波国家功率基准及其国际关键比对

文章介绍了一种基于热敏电阻功率座的对称双线结构的矩形波导微量热计的设计和传递标准有效效率计算方法。给出了功率基准热电堆测量曲线及该频段毫米波功率传递标准量值结果。这种新的微量热计将作为我国毫米波功率基准,它将我国的毫米波功率测量能力提高到了75GHz。国际比对是国际多边证书互认的基础,是我国产品进入国际市场准入的质量认证基础,国际关键比对是比对活动中的核心活动。文章介绍了我国参加毫米波WR-22（33GHz-50GHz）国际关键比对情况。     

Global empirical models of the density peak height and of the equivalent scale height for quiet conditions

Monthly average electron density profiles have been calculated from hourly electron density N(h) recorded in 26 digisonde stations distributed worldwide encompassing the time interval 1998–2006. The ionospheric electron density peak height of the F2 region, hmF2, and the effective scale height at the hmF2, Hm, deduced from average profiles have been analyzed to obtain the quiet-time behavior and have been analytically modeled by the spherical harmonic analysis (SH) technique using the modip latitude as the coordinate of the reference system. The coefficients of the SH models of hmF2 and Hm are bounded to the solar activity, and the temporal and seasonal variations are considered by Fourier expansion of the coefficients. The SH models provide a tool to predict hmF2 and Hm located anywhere in the range of latitudes between of 70°N and 70°S and at any time. The SH analytical model for hmF2 improves the fit to the observations by 10% in average compared to the IRI prediction, and it might improve the IRI prediction of hmF2 by more than 30% at high and low latitudes. The analytical model for Hm predicts the quiet behavior of the effective scale height with accuracy better than 15% in average which enables to obtain a good estimation of vertical profiles. These results could be useful to estimate information for the topside profile formulation.     

European space research in support of international partnership

The envisaged future space research programmes, whether in the field of space exploration or Earth observation are becoming more and more technically complicated and so costly that a single nation can hardly afford to realize them. Major non-European space-faring nations, China and India will progressively play an important role besides US, Russia and Japan. The Space Advisory Group of the European Commission recommended that the European Commission supports within Horizon 2020 a comprehensive Robotic Mars-Exploration Programme under European leadership that should become an essential element of a coordinated international space research programme. The International Space Station (ISS) experience shows that cooperative space programmes build links between industries and laboratories from around the world, which then further develop in non-space related activities, with positive impact on the economy and scientific research. Strategies need to be developed to mitigate the gradual increasing risks incurred by climate change. In order to lower their entry barrier to engage in space emerging and developing space nations need to be included in cooperative space programmes. We present the recommendations of the Space Advisory Group of the European Commission concerning Europe's participation to global space endeavours.     

利用有限域上向量空间构作具有仲裁的认证码

利用有限域上向量空间的子空间构作了一个具有仲裁的认证码，计算了这个码的参数。当收方和发方的编码规则按等概率分布选取时，各种攻击成功的概率也被算出。     

民机货舱防火系统验证试飞方法研究

介绍了中国民用航空规章（CCAR-25）对民用飞机货舱防火系统条款的有关要求,分析了民用飞机演示这些条款时采用的符合性验证方法及试飞注意事项,为我国大中型运输机适航试飞积累了经验。     

对高等院校培养创新型商务人才的思考

在知识经济时代，社会在突飞猛进地发展。为了更好地适应发展中的时代，高等院校必须要更新教育观念，深化教育改革，构建高校创新型人才培养模式，担负起全面推进素质教育，培养高素质的创新型人才的历史使命。     

Lunar international science coordination/calibration targets (L-ISCT)

Eight lunar areas, each ∼200 km in diameter, are identified as targets for coordinated science and instrument calibration for the orbital missions soon to be flown. Instrument teams from SELENE, Chang’E, Chandrayaan-1, and LRO are encouraged to participate in a coordinated activity of early-release data that will improve calibration and validation of data across independent and diverse instruments. The targets are representative of important lunar terrains and geologic processes and thus will also provide a broad introduction to lunar science for new investigators. We briefly identify additional cross-calibration issues for instruments that produce time series data rather than maps.     

亚细亚商场顾客情况调查分析及其对策

郑州亚细亚商场凭借其特有的外部环境和内部机制,能够迅速适应市场形势变化,率先在最贴近市场和消费者的方位确立了全新的经营坐标。本文力求通过对亚细亚商场顾客情况的调查结果进行客观地分析,找出产生这种姑果的原因及其同商场所采取的一系列策略之间的联系,反映顾客的看法,明确经营差距,寻求最佳对策,全文包括顾客构成、成交情况,顾客消费心理和顾客心目中的企业形象四个部分,并对塑造企业形象、加强定价策略和广告的研究以及专设学生服装部等方面,作了较为详细的阐述和分析,期望有益于实践。