New criterion for aircraft susceptibility to infrared guided missiles

This paper assesses aircraft susceptibility from the first principles, with respect to the threat posed by passively guided infrared homing missiles; with an objective of gaining insight into the comprehensiveness of the relationship between aircraft susceptibility and aircraft infrared signature level. The conventional criterion of aircraft susceptibility assessment based on its lock-on envelop is found to be inadequate, and a new criterion termed here as the Lethal Envelop is presented. The proposed susceptibility assessment criterion is more relevant for coming generation of infrared-guided missiles, because of advancements in the infrared detection technology. A threshold infrared signature level is also proposed as benchmark to be satisfied by all infrared signature suppression systems; if aircraft susceptibility to infrared guided missiles is to be reduced. This analysis is vital for gauging the effectiveness of infrared signature suppression systems. A typical air-to-air combat situation is simulated, and the results that lead to aircraft susceptibility assessment are obtained from this model, which illustrates the comprehensiveness of the redefined aircraft susceptibility assessment approach.     

Progress in helicopter infrared signature suppression

Due to their low-attitude and relatively low-speed fight profiles, helicopters are subjected to serious threats from radio, infrared(IR), visual, and aural detection and tracking. Among these threats, infrared detection and tracking are regarded as more crucial for the survivability of helicopters. In order to meet the requirements of infrared stealth, several different types of infrared suppressor(IRS) for helicopters have been developed. This paper reviews contemporary developments in this discipline, with particular emphasis on infrared signature suppression, advances in mixer-ejectors and prediction for helicopters. In addition, several remaining challenges, such as advanced IRS, emissivity optimization technique, helicopter infrared characterization, etc., are proposed, as an initial guide and stimulation for future research. In the future, the comprehensive infrared suppression in the 3–5 lm and 8–14 lm bands will doubtfully become the emphasis of helicopter stealth. Multidisciplinary optimization of a complete infrared suppression system deserves further investigation.     

真空低温环境红外亮温标准装置设计

对遥感技术现状及面临的问题进行了介绍，明确了建立真空低温环境红外亮温计量标准装置的意义，对国内外研究现状进行了梳理，对研究的标准装置的技术路线和设计方案进行了详细叙述。     

反辐射被动导引头抗诱偏方法研究

针对被动导引头面临的有源诱饵系统诱偏的技术难题，在对诱饵系统时、空、极化多维分析的基础上，提出了一种抗诱偏的被动导引方案。该方案采用空域分辨、极化滤波等手段实现对雷达目标的有效打击，通过仿真分析验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

基于蒙特卡罗方法的红外灯热流分布研究

采用蒙特卡罗方法针对我国航天器热平衡试验用红外灯的热流分布进行了研 究。对红外灯能束辐射过程的物理模型进行了分析,建立了能束辐射随机位置、随机方向的 数学模型和灯丝温度计算模型,给出了辐射波长、灯管反射率、吸收率、透射率的确定方法 ,进而提出了红外灯热流分布计算流程。在真空低温环境下进行了红外灯热流分布测试,将 预测结果与试验结果进行了对比,偏差在5％以内。采用本文的分析方法计算了某型号卫 星试验用红外灯阵的热流分布,结果满足试验要求。该方法可以作为红外灯阵优化设计的技 术基础。
     

原子氧对红外干扰材料消光性能的影响研究

为探索大气中的红外干扰材料可否应用于外层空间, 利用原子氧效应地面模拟装置对铜粉和石墨粉两种红外干扰材料样品进行了原子氧暴露实验, 并对样品进行了质量分析、XRD分析和红外透过率测试. 结果表明, 原子氧累积通量达到5.0×1019cm-2时, 铜粉样品质量增加0.004mg•cm-2,石墨粉样品质量损失0.117mg•cm-2; 原子氧暴露后, 铜粉对3~5μm与8~12μm红外质量消光系数由3.64 m2•g-1与2.74 m2•g-1变为3.14 m2•g-1与2.65 m2•g-1, 消光能力降低; 石墨粉对3~5μm和8~12μm红外的质量消光系数由6.54 m2•g-1和5.78 m2•g-1减小为2.38 m2•g-1和2.27 m2•g-1, 消光能力明显减弱.      

基于NMF、ICA和复Contourlet变换的红外小目标检测

针对存在背景干扰和噪声情况下的红外弱小目标检测问题,提出了一种基于非负矩阵分解(NMF)、独立分量分析(ICA)和复Contourlet变换的检测方法。首先通过非负矩阵分解和独立分量分析分别抑制原始图像的背景,得到不同的小目标残差图像;接着采用复Contourlet变换对残差图像进行去噪;再对上述去噪后的小目标残差图像求和,得到了预处理图像;最后提出基于模糊灰度熵阈值选取方法分割预处理图像,从而实现了复杂背景下的红外弱小目标检测。针对红外小目标图像进行了大量实验,并与基于新型Top-hat变换、基于快速独立分量分析的目标检测方法进行了比较,结果表明所提出的方法抗噪性强,具有更为优越的检测性能。     

大口径低温黑体标定装置研制

为了实现更大范围的辐射测量,研制了一套大口径低温黑体标定装置。该装置采用工质制冷技术,避免了大量液氮消耗;采用辐射面竖直放置,有利于红外测量设备标定使用;采取了双参数联动PID控制方案,实现了宽温区辐射体的高稳定性控温。该装置研制中使用了低温黑体的防结霜技术、低温黑体辐射定标温度修正技术、低温黑体校准技术等,为建立低温黑体辐射标准打下基础。     

幅相联合技术下导引装置测向性能仿真分析

在介绍了国外反辐射无人机导引装置幅相联合测向技术的基础上,分别就干涉仪、比幅法测向条件下导引装置测向性能进行了仿真分析。结果表明,导引装置采用干涉仪测向时精度较比幅法测向的精度高,但存在测向模糊;比幅法测向精度不高,但可以解除干涉仪测向产生的模糊。最后,分析给出了测角范围与目标雷达频率、测角误差与测量到达角的关系,得出了导引装置采用幅相联合测向的优势。     

外场用烟幕遮蔽效果测量系统

首先明确了烟幕透过率、有效遮蔽面积、形成时间与有效持续时间的概念;然后介绍了一套外场试验用烟幕遮蔽效果测量系统,可以同时实现多点、多波段、多波长的红外和激光透过率测量;最后对其主要测量参数作了分析。