喷管超声段壁面冷却热态试验研究

在高温条件下，对三种轴对称收－扩喷管超声段壁面排气引射冷却方案（缝隙式气膜冷却、离散孔气膜冷却和冲击－气膜组合冷却）进行了试验研究。得到了不同冷却方案的壁面压力分布、壁面温度分布和红外辐射特性，以及冷却气流量对这些性能的影响。结果表明：采用排气引射冷却技术可以大幅度降低喷管的壁温和红外信号特征，其中缝隙式气膜冷却的应用前景最好，离散孔式气膜冷却值得深入研究，冲击－气膜组合冷却不适合作为喷管排气引射冷却的基本方案。     

红外与可见光图像融合的空间碎片识别方法

针对暗弱空间环境中空间碎片的识别问题,提出了一种光照不均匀环境中的空间碎片识别方法。不同于现有识别方案,该方法从光照不均匀导致空间碎片图像源细节丢失造成识别性能下降的角度出发,首先将空间碎片的红外和可见光图像进行深度融合,并建立空间碎片融合图像数据库,然后基于训练样本采用深度学习技术训练得到空间碎片识别模型。算法分析表明,该图像融合方案具有高度的细节保留能力,识别模型具有在暗弱环境中高精度目标识别能力。最后进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,该识别方案在姿态变化、图像源亮度变化等干扰条件下都具有较好的鲁棒性。     

红外成像制导中目标图像序列的仿真生成

在红外成像制导技术的算法研究中，目标红外图像序列是进行仿真验算的基础，通常真实的图像序列较难获得，本文通过建立空间目标的透《视投影模型来模拟红外成的过程，并由计算机作图得到目标的二值图像，为目标识别、跟踪算法及制导率的仿真验算打下了基础。     

The infrared space observatory (ISO)

The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), a fully approved and funded project of the European Space Agency (ESA), is an astronomical satellite, which will operate at wavelengths from 2.5–240 m. ISO will provide astronomers with a unique facility of unprecedented sensitivity for a detailed exploration of the universe ranging from objects in the solar system right out to distant extragalactic sources. The satellite essentially consists of a large cryostat containing at launch over 2000 litres of superfluid helium to maintain the Ritchey-Chrétien telescope, the scientific instruments and the optical baffles at temperatures between 2 K and 8 K. The telescope has a 60-cm diameter primary mirror and is diffraction-limited at a wavelength of 5 m. A pointing accuracy of a few arc seconds is provided by a three-axis-stabilisation system consisting of reaction wheels, gyros and optical sensors. ISO's instrument complement consists of four instruments, namely: an imaging photo-polarimeter (2.5–240 m), a camera (2.5–17 m), a short wavelength spectrometer (3–45 m) and a long wavelength spectrometer (43–196 m). These instruments are being built by international consortia of scientific institutes and have been delivered to ESA for in-orbit operations. ISO will be launched in September 1995 by an Ariane 4 into an elliptical orbit (apogee 70000 km and perigee 1000 km) and will be operational for at least 18 months. In keeping with ISO's role as an observatory, the majority of its observing time is being made available to the general astronomical community via a Call for Observing Proposals.     

Olbers an interplanetary probe to study visible and infrared diffuse backgrounds

The visible extragalactic background (though as yet undetected) is insufficient to explain the abundance of heavy elements in galaxies: either there should be some diffuse extragalactic light in the near infrared (from 1 to 10 m) and/or in the far infrared (100 m) if dust has reprocessed the star light. We propose a new space mission to be dedicated to the search and mapping of primordial stellar light from the visible to the mid-infrared (20 m). In this spectrum range, detectors have reached such a sensitivity that the mission should aim at being (source) photon noise limited, and not any longer background photon noise limited. For that purpose, a small passively cooled telescope with large format CCDs and CIDs could be sent beyond the zodiacal dust cloud (which is absent beyond a solar distance of about 3 AU). In that case, the only remaining foregrounds before reaching the extragalactic background, is due to the Milky Way integrated emission from stars and the diffuse galactic light due to scattering and emission by interstellar dust, which are all unavoidable. Maps of the extragalactic light could be obtained at the arcminute resolution with high signal to noise ratio. This mission is the next logical step after IRAS, COBE and ISO for the study of extragalactic IR backgrounds. It has been proposed as a possible medium-sized mission for the post-horizon 2000 ESA program that could be a piggy back of a planetary mission.     

空间大气成分探测傅立叶变换红外光谱仪

文章阐述了用于空间大气成分探测傅立叶变换红外光谱仪的国外发展状况，主要介绍了几种国外先进的高分辨率空间大气探测用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪的结构、应用范围和技术指标，比较了这几种设备的优缺点和技术特点。     

双锥—圆筒红外辐射源特性的蒙特卡罗解

本文考虑了红外辐射源腔内的镜反射成份,采用镜-漫混合反射模式,用蒙特卡罗法求定空腔的定向有效发射率。在通解的数学模型基础上,还针对500K双锥-圆筒热管空腔求得其典型解,分析了空腔辐射特性与锥角的关系。利用本文提供的方法也可计算其他腔形的辐射特性。     

小型星载红外相机的研制

随着现代航天技术的发展 ,传统卫星开始向质量轻、体积小、任务单一、成本低廉、研制周期短、风险小、能快速灵活发射的微小型卫星发展 ,相应的对有效载荷也提出了微小型化的要求。作为有效载荷的重要部分 ,红外相机的微小型化更是有效载荷小型化的重点和难点。文章对小型红外相机的发展方向进行了论述 ,对红外相机的各个组成部分的小型化发展作了详细的介绍。     

高重频激光对激光导引头干扰性能的研究

对高重频激光干扰激光半主动制导武器导引头的性能进行了理论分析。用陀螺稳定式激光导引头作为稳定跟踪系统,实验验证了高重频激光的干扰效果。最后,提出了采用这种干扰方法的一些实际问题。     

导弹目标红外场景仿真技术的研究与实现

红外场景的计算机仿真是导弹预警系统研究的重要环节。首先介绍了红外场景仿真系统整体组成；然后分析了红外场景仿真系统中导弹轨迹数据处理、背景云图变化模拟、卫星姿态扰动模拟以及探测器噪声模拟等关键技术，计提出了具体仿真实现方法；最后进行了仿真实验，合成出了部分导弹／背景图像。