基于LS—DYNA的降落伞伞衣织物透气性参数仿真验证

利用已知的伞衣织物透气量与压差曲线计算得到了表征伞衣织物透气性能的两个主要参数一粘性系数和惯性系数,并运用LS—DYNA软件的流固耦合算法对其进行了验证,这对以后仿真降落伞充气过程有一定的参考作用。     

空间绳系机器人抓捕非合作目标的质量特性参数辨识

针对空间绳系机器人抓捕非合作目标/空间垃圾后需要对其进行回收/拖曳的精确控制问题,提出了一种利用抓捕后保持阶段的振动特性辨识目标参数的方法。首先,根据质量特性参数辨识的需要,推导了系统的动力学模型。不同于以往将本体卫星和被抓捕目标简化为质点的动力学模型,本文针对任意的目标抓捕位置,在考虑重力梯度影响的基础上,利用拉格朗日法获得系统各广义坐标的动力学公式。然后,分析非合作目标和系绳在后抓捕保持阶段的姿态运动。最后,在非合作目标与本体卫星没有任何信息交互的情况下,利用后抓捕阶段目标卫星和系绳特有的振动,并使用具有鲁棒性可遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法,提出了包括转动惯量和质心到任意抓捕点距离在内的质量特性参数辨识算法。     

Time-varying linear control for tiltrotor aircraft

Tiltrotor aircraft have three flight modes: helicopter mode, airplane mode, and transition mode. A tiltrotor has characteristics of highly nonlinear, time-varying flight dynamics and inertial/control couplings in its transition mode. It can transit from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode by tilting its nacelles, and an effective controller is crucial to accomplish tilting transition missions. Longitudinal dynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor are described by a nonlinear Lagrange-form model, which takes into account inertial/control couplings and aerodynamic interferences. Reference commands for airspeed velocity and attitude in the transition mode are calculated dynamically by visiting a command library which is founded in advance by analyzing the flight envelope of the tiltrotor. A Time-Varying Linear (TVL) model is obtained using a Taylor-expansion based online linearization technique from the nonlinear model. Subsequently, based on an optimal control concept, an online optimization based control method with input constraints considered is proposed. To validate the proposed control method, three typical tilting transition missions are simulated using the nonlinear model of XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft. Simulation results show that the controller can be used to control the tiltrotor throughout its operating envelop which includes a transition flight, and can also deal with vertical gust disturbances.     

基于飞轮控制的空间机器人质量参数辨识

针对空间机器人进行在轨辨识时存在精度不高、燃料消耗较大等问题,提出了基于飞轮控制的在轨辨识方法,可以有效地解决辨识时存在的问题。该方法采用飞轮控制作为激励方式,通过改变机械臂的构型使整个空间机器人系统的质量分布发生变化,分别测量构型改变后的角速度和线加速度,以计算出基座本体的质量、质心和转动惯量。此外,分析了机械臂与本体的质量比对辨识精度的影响。仿真结果表明,本文的方法可操作性强、精度较高,燃料消耗较小,可以应用于空间机器人的在轨辨识中。     

基于改进粒子群优化LS-SVM的卫星钟差预报研究

针对导航卫星短期钟差预报精度和稳定度不高的问题,提出了一种基于改进粒子群优化（PSO）最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）的卫星钟差预报方法。通过引进自适应改变的惯性权重和学习因子来提高粒子群算法的寻优能力,并将其应用到LS-SVM的参数优化中,避免人为选择参数的盲目性,提高了LS-SVM的泛化能力和预报精度。选取国际GPS服务组织（IGS）产品中四颗典型卫星的钟差数据,分别采用LS-SVM模型、神经网络模型和灰色系统模型进行短期钟差预报,计算结果表明：LS-SVM模型的预报精度优于其它两种模型,为导航卫星短期高精度钟差预报提供了新的思路。     

落体法测定构件惯性矩的几个问题

介绍了利用落体原理测量的构件转动惯量的两种落体方法，即测加速度法和测时法。讨论了这两种落体法的原理，并给出了测量例子。认为，对于某些质量及其转动摩擦力矩未知的对称构件，特别是对于不能从机器内部取出的转子，甚至对于某些不规则的小型构件，可用落体法测量其转动惯量。落体法测量构件惯性矩的优点是：无需添置特殊的测量装置，成本低廉。     

Analysis of the cylinder block tilting inertia moment and its effect on the performance of high-speed electro-hydrostatic actuator pumps of aircraft

Electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) pumps are usually characterized as high speed and small displacement. The tilting inertia moment on the cylinder block produced by the inertia forces of piston/slipper assemblies cannot be ignored when analyzing the cylinder block balance. A large tilting inertia moment will make the cylinder block tilt away from the valve plate, resulting in severe wear and significantly increased leakage. This paper presents an analytical expression for the tilting inertia moment on the cylinder block by means of vector analysis. In addition, a high-speed test rig was built up, and experiments on an EHA pump prototype were carried out at high speeds of up to 10,000 r/min. The predicted nature of the cylinder block tilt at high speeds corresponds closely to the witness marks on the dismantled EHA pump prototype. It is suggested that more attention should be given to the tilting inertia moment acting on the cylinder block of an EHA pump since both wear and leakage flow between the cylinder block and the valve plate are very much dependent on this tilting moment.     

粉末高温合金FGH96惯性摩擦焊接头室温疲劳裂纹扩展速率测试与分析

FGH96是采用损伤容限设计思想研制的新型粉末高温合金,是满足高推比、高燃效发动机使用要求的涡轮盘、环形件和其他热端部件的理想材料。FGH96惯性摩擦焊接头的细晶组织对裂纹扩展的阻碍作用使得其裂纹扩展速率小于母材。母材和接头断裂路径均为穿晶断裂。     

考虑缓冲装置惯性及接触变形的对接动力学仿真研究

为了使对接动力学数值仿真更准确、全面地反映对接过程的动力学特性，针对具有异体同构周边式对接机构的两飞船组成的对接系统，建立了考虑缓冲装置惯性及接触变形的对接动力学数学模型。概述了接触点类型及确定接触点的几何学模型，描述了缓冲装置模型、接触力模型及运动方程，并进行了数值仿真。最后将仿真结果与未考虑上述两因素的仿真结果进行了对比分析。     

弹道式飞行器惯性制导机电式方法的研究历史

以分析最初的资料和报告为基础,介绍了前苏联进行的弹道式飞行器沿“刚性”和“柔韧”(自适应)轨迹惯性制导机电方法数学论证和研制方面的历史,叙述了以著名惯导专家伊什林斯基为首的学派研究出的飞行器惯性制导方案在3个方面的实现情况:1)在被称作λ,μ惯性制导泛函形式下,使用视加速度积分陀螺仪,可以不用积分计算仪表而在飞行器本体上构成主要的制导方程;2)主要的制导方程可以转换成被称作α,β惯性制导泛函的形式,在飞行器本体上构成该泛函时完全不需要复杂的计算装置;3)所研究的机电方法不仅能够通过修正所设计的主动段的距离实现在垂直平面内对飞行器质心运动轨迹的单参数修正,也即沿被称作“刚性的”轨迹制导,而且还能对所设计的俯仰转弯角进行修正,也即实现双参数修正,沿着被称作“柔韧性的”轨迹制导.对于使用固体火箭发动机,推力调节有困难的情况,后者具有重要的意义.给出了某些方法的方块图,其中包括最简单的一种一按α,β泛函制导的情况.