GPS／INS制导系统中自适应天线阵列的干扰研究

目前GPS/INS制导已成为精确制导武器的核心.根据组合制导系统中自适应天线的特点,通过对微带自适应天线阵列的抗干扰性分析,着重研究了对GPS/INS组合制导系统中自适应天线阵列的分布式干扰.通过实验结果得出:要提高干扰效果,需要增加分布式干扰机数目、增大干扰机的运动速度和集中投放干扰源.     

基于对偶四元数的INS/GPS组合导航算法研究

在基于对偶四元数的捷联惯导解算方法的基础上,推导了以惯性系作为导航系的惯导误差方程,在此基础上设计了卡尔曼滤波组合导航算法。通过激光惯导跑车采集数据,进行了仿真分析,试验结果表明,该组合导航算法能有效的消除惯导累积的速度误差和位置误差,相比于目前广泛应用的INS/GPS组合导航算法,本文描述了INS/GPS组合导航的另一种实现方式,获得了相当的精度,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

Evaluation on real-time dynamic performance of BDS in PPP,RTK, and INS tightly aided modes

Since China’s BeiDou satellite navigation system (BDS) began to provide regional navigation service for Asia-Pacific region after 2012, more new generation BDS satellites have been launched to further expand BDS’s coverage to be global. In this contribution, precise positioning models based on BDS and the corresponding mathematical algorithms are presented in detail. Then, an evaluation on BDS’s real-time dynamic positioning and navigation performance is presented in Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Real-time Kinematic (RTK), Inertial Navigation System (INS) tightly aided PPP and RTK modes by processing a set of land-borne vehicle experiment data. Results indicate that BDS positioning Root Mean Square (RMS) in north, east, and vertical components are 2.0, 2.7, and 7.6?cm in RTK mode and 7.8, 14.7, and 24.8?cm in PPP mode, which are close to GPS positioning accuracy. Meanwhile, with the help of INS, about 38.8%, 67.5%, and 66.5% improvements can be obtained by using PPP/INS tight-integration mode. Such enhancements in RTK/INS tight-integration mode are 14.1%, 34.0%, and 41.9%. Moreover, the accuracy of velocimetry and attitude determination can be improved to be better than 1?cm/s and 0.1°, respectively. Besides, the continuity and reliability of BDS in both PPP and RTK modes can also be ameliorated significantly by INS during satellite signal missing periods.     

Inertial aided BDS triple-frequency integer ambiguity rounding method

The integer ambiguity resolution (AR) of carrier phase is significant for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise positioning. However, in kinematic case, single-epoch AR methods based on alone GNSS are usually not reliable due to the instable pseudorange accuracy. Moreover, the computation of classical AR method Least Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) is large. Thus, the inertial measurement unit (IMU) is introduced, a new inertial-aided AR method that directly rounds the float ambiguity of BeiDou triple-frequency combined observations, which is characterized by long wavelength, low carrier-phase noise and ionospheric delay, is proposed. The mathematical model of the new method is derived first. Then the impacts of the carrier-phase noise, ionospheric delay and inertial navigation system (INS) position error on the AR success ratio of combined observation are analyzed through probabilistic approach. Based on above investigation, the combinations (0, ?1, 1), (1, 4, ?5) and (4, ?2, ?3) are selected to resolve the original ambiguity. A vehicular integrated navigation test is performed to demonstrate the proposed method. The results show that the average AR success ratios of the three selected combinations, whose float ambiguity errors are 0.041, 0.146, 0.279 cycle respectively, are above 97.25% without regard to low-elevation C05. With respect to positioning accuracy based on our AR method when compared with IE software, the east, north, up error RMS of position are 0.042, 0.024, 0.069 m, respectively. In terms of the AR recover after the BeiDou signals outage, as long as 62 s BeiDou signal complete outage, all the ambiguities of all satellites could be re-fixed immediately. Besides, during the 90 s signals partial outage, the AR is not influenced by the position error, since the float ambiguity errors are all below half-cycle. The research of this contribution demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed new method, which indicates it is applicable to kinematic positioning, even in BDS degraded and denied environments.     

动基座下INS/GPS组合导航系统初始对准研究

为了提高INS/GPS组合导航系统在动基座下的对准精度及对准快速性,针对位置/速度组合模式,确定其动基座下初始对准卡尔曼滤波方案,并进行计算机仿真。仿真结果表明,卡尔曼滤波算法在INS/GPS组合导航系统动基座初始对准中精度较高、收敛速度快、对水平失准角有较好的估计效果,是一种有效的估计方法。     

贝叶斯法在惯性平台测试中的应用

惯性导航系统以其独特优点在航天领域得到了极为广泛的应用。对惯导系统的测试数据进行统计分析和预报,对于航天器的可靠性评估具有重要意义。对于测试数据在实际应用中存在的小样本问题,本文提出了使用贝叶斯方法对其统计特性进行研究。通过对惯性导航系统测试数据的先验信息、总体信息和样本信息进行结合,利用贝叶斯方法得到对应的验前分布和验后分布,并在验后分布的基础上进行统计估计,减小了小样本条件下的统计误差。同时,通过此方法对惯导系统测试数据进行置信区间的计算预报,为惯导系统的误差补偿、故障诊断提供了一个参考依据和途径。     

舰载武器惯导传递对准技术分析

舰船惯性大,加之受海水阻力和风力的影响,其运动态势较空中平台和陆地平台特殊,因此舰载武器系统惯导传递对准特性与机载、车载武器系统的惯导传递对准特性不同.通过对舰载武器系统惯导传递对准典型匹配方式的对比研究,结合舰船的运动特性及动态干扰特性,给出舰载武器系统惯导传递对准匹配方式选择原则.     

一种INS辅助GNSS高动态弱信号标量跟踪方法

为提高恶劣电磁环境下的高动态卫星导航接收机的干扰抑制能力,提出一种低成本INS自适应辅助标量跟踪环路方法。该方法以INS辅助二阶锁频环(IFLL2)算法为核心,采用INS/GNSS紧组合结果提高外部辅助跟踪环路的多普勒频率估计精度,以降低动态应力对跟踪环路的影响。建立了INS辅助锁相环和锁频环性能分析模型,基于该模型可知IFLL2对本地振荡器的抖动噪声抑制能力更强,可更多地降低跟踪环路带宽,故其性能优于INS辅助锁相环(IPLL)的性能。高动态仿真试验结果表明高动态环境下独立式三阶锁相环可跟踪载噪比为28dB Hz的GPS L1 C/A卫星信号,INS辅助最优带宽二阶锁频环算法可跟踪载噪比为19dB Hz的卫星信号,基于本算法的接收机的干扰抑制能力提高了9dB,与理论分析结果相当。     

动态自适应GPS/INS组合导航方法

为了提高导航测量系统的精度,改善其可靠性,提出了一种动态自适应高精度GPS/INS组合导航的新形式。这种新形式通过判断GPS可见卫星数目,动态自适应调整组合导航方法,保证了组合导航结果的高精度。在RTK GPS可靠基线范围内,且可观测卫星数目大于等于4的情况下,利用RTK GPS的cm级的定位定速结果与INS进行松组合;而在因信号干扰或建筑物阻挡造成卫星失锁时,利用GPS伪距、伪距率与INS进行紧组合。通过仿真验证了方法的高精度,具有良好的应用前景。     

一种改进的INS／GPS组合导航鲁棒H∞多重渐消容错滤波算法

在对适用于INS/GPS组合导航的H∞滤波方法进行了深入研究基础上,提出了一种改进的H∞多重渐消容错滤波算法.首先给出了H∞滤波算法,然后对渐消记忆滤波方法进行了有效的改进,提出了多重渐消因子矩阵对称加权的滤波算法和残差归一化的多重渐消滤波方法,有效避免了残差量级差别所导致的残差检测失效和修正作用失配,最后提出了一种双重故障检测的容错策略,构造了改进的鲁棒H∞容错滤波器.仿真结果表明,改进的H∞容错滤波方法较常规Kalman滤波对系统模型和噪声的不确定干扰具有很强的鲁棒性,在有色噪声情况下具有高于常规Kalman滤波的精度,对于故障具有较强的检测能力和较好的组合效果,更加贴近于工程应用需求.