基于混合FE-SEA方法的航天器支架车声振响应影响分析

支架车是航天器声振试验中的重要地面支撑设备,需要对其在航天器声振预示中的影响展开研究。文章基于混合FE-SEA 方法建立不同工况和不同航天器声振模型,研究了支架车对航天器结构的声振响应的影响。分析表明安装支架车后主要对系统的低阶模态的声振响应影响较大,对高阶模态的响应影响可以忽略。该结论可为复杂航天器的声振模型简化提供指导。     

多旋翼无人飞行器必要建模因素

近年来多旋翼无人飞行器(UAV)成为了小型无人飞行器发展的热门领域,而学界对于多旋翼飞行器飞行力学建模与飞行力学特性分析的研究还相对较少。针对相关研究需求,基于传统旋翼模型,建立了适用于多旋翼无人飞行器的飞行力学模型,并利用此模型对多旋翼无人飞行器悬停模态特性进行了初步分析,结果显示多旋翼飞行器模态稳定性明显弱于传统直升机,且横向Phugoid模态取代了荷兰滚模态。随后利用弱耦合系统理论与纵向模态简化模型,对多旋翼建模过程中的旋翼旋转自由度(DOF)动态特性、入流模型和旋翼气动力矩的建模必要性进行了研究。分析表明,旋翼旋转自由度的动态特性在飞控增稳条件下对全机特性有着重要影响,入流分布对刚性旋翼的俯仰、滚转气动力矩有着决定性作用,而旋翼气动力矩是决定多旋翼悬停模态的重要因素,这三者在多旋翼建模分析中不能忽略。     

基于制动边界与意图识别的再生制动策略

有效的再生制动策略能够增加电动汽车回收能量,提高其续航能力。通过汽车制动动力学以及相关法规的分析,提出了基于边界最大化的再生制动力分配策略,建立了基于制动踏板深度、车速、SOC的模糊制动意图识别模型,识别驾驶员制动意图;建立了基于电机效率曲线的电池充电保护模型,限制电池充电电流。通过对Cruise仿真平台的二次开发,研究本文提出的再生制动策略对于电动汽车续驶里程的影响。在新欧洲行驶循环(NEDC)条件下,该策略能够增加电动汽车续驶里程7.8%;在美国联邦环保局测试工况(FTP75)条件下,该策略能够增加电动汽车续驶里程27.3%。     

高超声速飞行器无在线求导backstepping控制方法

针对高超声速飞行器纵向通道跟踪控制问题,提出一种无需对虚拟控制量进行在线求导的新型backstepping控制方法.首先将飞行器动力学模型划分为速度子系统和航迹倾角子系统,然后采用backstepping方法设计航迹倾角子系统控制器,利用高阶微分器技术直接设计虚拟控制量一阶导数的控制律,这样即避免了现有backstep...     

电动汽车牵引用永磁同步电机的场路联合仿真

基于Maxwell 2D和Simplorer联合仿真平台,以1台额定功率20 kW的电动汽车牵引用永磁同步电机为研究对象,建立考虑电机饱和问题和损耗影响的电机牵引系统仿真模型。通过分析恒转矩工作区间id=0控制与MTPA控制、高速运行区间id=0控制与弱磁控制的牵引特性,具体对比了电机的磁链、电流、转矩脉动、驱动效率等特性。通过试验测试,验证了仿真方法的正确性,为电动汽车牵引电机调速系统的控制仿真提供了参考。     

Review on active thermal protection and its heat transfer for airbreathing hypersonic vehicles

Hypersonic vehicles with turbojet, ramjet, and scramjet engines are expected to be widely applied to future transportation systems. Due to high-speed flight in the atmosphere, body outer surfaces suffer strong aerodynamic heating, and on the other hand, combustion chamber inter walls are under extremely high temperature and heat flux. Therefore, more efficient and stable active cooling technologies are required in hypersonic vehicles, such as regenerative cooling, film cooling, and transpiration cooling, as well as their combinations. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on three active cooling methods, i.e., regenerative cooling, film cooling, and transpiration cooling, and deeply analyzes the mechanism of each cooling method, including the fluids flow, heat transfer, and thermal cracking characteristics of different hydrocarbon fuels in regenerative cooling, the heat transfer and flow mechanism of film cooling under supersonic mainstream conditions, and the heat transfer and flow mechanism of transpiration cooling.     

连续信号交叉口网联自动驾驶车速控制

为了提高车辆在城市道路上行驶时的燃油经济性,同时减少污染物的排放,针对车联网环境下自动驾驶车辆可以与路侧设施及区域中心控制系统实时信息交互的特征,提出了连续信号交叉口车速控制方法。当车辆距下游各信号交叉口的距离和下游交叉口信号相位及时长可以提前获取时,通过提出的自动驾驶车速控制模型计算出一个使车辆能够连续通过下游多个信号交叉口的恒定速度,同时为了保证驾驶舒适性,采用平滑的三角函数曲线表征加/减速过程中的速度变化,避免了车辆在交叉口处急刹车或急加速的情况。为验证车速控制方法的有效性,基于多智能体技术建立了车联网环境下连续信号交叉口车速控制仿真系统,模拟对比分析了有速度控制和无速度控制下车辆连续通过3个信号交叉口的燃油消耗量、CO₂排放量以及行程时间。结果表明:在低密度车流下,运用该车速控制方法,车辆连续通过3个信号交叉口的平均燃油消耗量与CO₂排放量均减少了30%以上,行程时间减少了约5%;在中、高密度车流下,车辆的平均燃油消耗量与CO₂排放量减少了约20%,并能够节省约15%的行程时间。另外,通过与目前已有的针对单点信号交叉口的车速控制模型的比较,本文提出的连续信号交叉口车速控制模型在节能减排方面更具优势。      

无人机航迹跟踪抗侧风制导算法

无人机作为航空飞行器的一种,具有诸多应用价值,精确的航迹跟踪是其完成飞行任务的必要条件。在无人机飞行控制系统的制导外回路,实现一种具有抗风性能的横向非线性制导算法(NLG),基于航迹参考点实时测算无人机侧向加速度,并根据无人机力学方程得到滚转角指令,实现无人机的航迹跟踪。该制导算法只需确定合适的距离参数L,即可实现较为精确地制导,加入反馈环节以得到改进的闭环非线性制导算法。在侧风条件下进行仿真分析,结果表明:改进后的非线性制导算法是正确的,其具有良好的抗风性能。     

Numerical simulation of compression corner flows at Mach number 9

A hypersonic vehicle encounters a wide range of conditions during its complete flight regime. These flight conditions may vary from low to high Mach numbers with varying angles of attack. The near-wall viscous dissipation associated with flows at combined high Mach and Reynolds numbers leads to significant wall heat transfer rates and shear stresses. The shock wave/boundary-layer interaction results in a flow separation region, which commonly augments total pressure losses in the flow and lowers the efficiency of aerodynamic control surfaces such as fins installed on a vehicle. The standard turbulence models, when used to resolve such flows, result in incorrect separation bubble size for large separated flows. Therefore, it results in an inaccurate aerodynamic load, such as the wall pressures, skin friction distribution, and heat transfer rate. In previous studies, the application of the shock-unsteadiness correction to the standard two-equation k-ω turbulence model improved the separation bubble size leading to an accurate pressure prediction and shock definition with the assumption of constant Prandtl number. In the present work, the new shock-unsteadiness modification to the k-ω turbulence model is applied to the hypersonic compression corner flows. This new model with variable Prandtl number is based on the model parameter, which depends upon the local density ratio. The computed wall pressures, heat flux and flow field are compared to the experimental data. A parametric study is carried out by varying compression deflection angles, free stream Reynolds number and wall temperatures to compute the flow field and wall data accurately, particularly in the shock boundary layer interaction region. The new shock-unsteadiness modified k-ω model with variable Prandtl number shows an accurate prediction of initial pressure rise location, pressure distribution in the plateau region and heat flux in comparison to the standard k-ω model.     

基于视觉的无人作战飞机自主着陆导航方案

提出了基于视觉的无人作战飞机自主着陆组合导航方案.基于视觉的自主着陆 组合导航系统,可以根据视觉、惯导、高度表等传感器系统的特点,融合各机载传感器的测 量信息,在不依赖外部导航信息的情况下,得到无人作战飞机(UCAV)相对于跑道的着陆导 航信息.由于视觉信息在导航系统中的重要作用,对计算机视觉算法及其实时性进行了讨论 .对如何将视觉信息与惯导、高度表信息融合,构造多速率扩展Kalman滤波器进行了阐述. 通过自主开发的"UCAV自主着陆实时仿真验证平台"对该方案进行仿真,得到了满意的结果.