Space Environment Prediction for SZ-4 and SZ-5

The Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC) of the Center for Space Science and Applied Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CSSAR, CAS)took on the mission of offering the space environment parameters which may be of use to the safety of manned spacecraft. In order to complete the space environment safety guarantee mission for SZ-4 and SZ-5, SEPC improved the space environment monitoring system, database system, prediction result display system, prediction implementation system, etc. For guaranteeing the safety of the airship and cosmonaut in the first manned SZ-5, flying experiment mission,SEPC developed the software for analyzing radiation dose and early-warning software for large debris collision with SZ-5. Three months before the flights of SZ-4 and SZ-5, SEPC began to predict the safe launch period in view of the space environment, and offered timely and valid reference opinions for selecting the safety period. Especially during the mission of SZ-5, SEPC analyzed the space high-energy environment in a pre-arranged orbit and abnormal orbit andevaluated the radiation dose which cosmonauts may encounter in space. The evaluation offered an important reference for cosmonaut safety and decisionmaking in the SZ-5 mission. The calculation of the distribution of large debris and the collision risk assessment at different orbit entry times for SZ-5 provided an important base for the superior department to make flight decisions.     

太空环境对肿瘤细胞生理特性的影响

将3种肿瘤细胞搭载于“神舟4号”的卫星返回舱内,经过7天太空飞行,回收后对存活细胞进行单克隆化,观察细胞形态,并测定了细胞周期、黏附力及细胞因子表达.结果显示,经太空飞行,小鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞的周期发生改变,G1期细胞明显增多(p<0.05),并表现多种细胞形态;人肺鳞癌细胞L78对血管内皮细胞黏附力明显减弱,但经传代培养其黏附力恢复且超过对照组细胞;Caski细胞IL-2、IL-8、TNF和TGF的表达均明显增加,而L78细胞上述4种细胞因子的表达均显著下降.结论,太空环境可影响肿瘤细胞的某些生理特性,但可否影响肿瘤细胞的免疫原性,仍需做进一步的实验.     

强电磁环境对用频设备的影响机理研究

在复杂电磁环境下，尤其是当强场存在时，用频设备的工作状况往往会出现很多意想不到的情况，比如接收机的灵敏度下降、发射机辐射信号存在其它频率分量等。通过深入分析模块化射频器件的工作特性和注入式实物试验，验证了射频电路中非线性器件工作特性变化是导致用频设备工作性能下降的本质机理。通过改变不同试验条件，研究了互调发射、接收机减敏等现象随强干扰信号参数改变的变化规律。研究结果可为强电磁环境下用频设备的合理使用提供借鉴。     

浅析工业建筑未来发展趋势

根据我国基本国情及目前建筑业的发展水平，借鉴国外工业建筑成功经验，工业建筑的发展就节约用地的原则而言，宜向多层、高层方向发展；就人与环境协调发展考虑，宜向民用建筑化方向发展；就职业安全与卫生方面，宜向高水平高标准方向发展。     

Debris flux comparisons from the Goldstone Radar,Haystack Radar,and Hax Radar prior,during, and after the last solar maximum

The continual monitoring of the low Earth orbit (LEO) debris environment using highly sensitive radars is essential for an accurate characterization of these dynamic populations. Debris populations are continually evolving since there are new debris sources, previously unrecognized debris sources, and debris loss mechanisms that are dependent on the dynamic space environment. Such radar data are used to supplement, update, and validate existing orbital debris models. NASA has been utilizing radar observations of the debris environment for over a decade from three complementary radars: the NASA JPL Goldstone radar, the MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL) Long Range Imaging Radar (known as the Haystack radar), and the MIT/LL Haystack Auxiliary radar (HAX). All of these systems are highly sensitive radars that operate in a fixed staring mode to statistically sample orbital debris in the LEO environment. Each of these radars is ideally suited to measure debris within a specific size region. The Goldstone radar generally observes objects with sizes from 2 mm to 1 cm. The Haystack radar generally measures from 5 mm to several meters. The HAX radar generally measures from 2 cm to several meters. These overlapping size regions allow a continuous measurement of cumulative debris flux versus diameter from 2 mm to several meters for a given altitude window. This is demonstrated for all three radars by comparing the debris flux versus diameter over 200 km altitude windows for 3 nonconsecutive years from 1998 to 2003. These years correspond to periods before, during, and after the peak of the last solar cycle. Comparing the year to year flux from Haystack for each of these altitude regions indicate statistically significant changes in subsets of the debris populations. Potential causes of these changes are discussed. These analysis results include error bars that represent statistical sampling errors.     

High magnetic gradient environment causes alterations of cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton-associated genes in human osteoblasts cultured in vitro

The effects of a high magnetic gradient environment (HMGE) on the cytoskeletal architecture and genes associated with the cytoskeleton in osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 and MG-63 cells) were investigated using confocal microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The findings showed that, under diamagnetic levitation conditions, the architecture and average height of the cytoskeleton and surface roughness in osteoblasts were dramatically altered. HMGE affects cytoskeleton arrangement and cytoskeleton-associated gene expression.     

航天器动力学环境试验的发展概况和趋势

文章介绍了20世纪航天器动力学环境试验技术的发展概况和趋势,特别就试验技术的发展作了较详细的阐述.文章指出,试验工作对解决实际的问题仍然是主要的和基础的手段.     

月球地质形貌及其环境概述

文章重点介绍了月球的地质形貌和月球环境.针对在月球上建立生产基地和居住基地,提出了需要重点开展的一些研究工作.     

非接触测温在空间环境模拟试验中的应用研究

文章指出了空间环境模拟试验中采用接触式测温的不足,分析了在大型空间模拟设备中采用红外设备进行非接触温度测量的优点和必要性.     

打造全新的中小型环境模拟试验设备

文章介绍了一个全新的中小型环境模拟试验设备的设计思路,以及如何在中小型设备上实现测量监控系统的现代化.