一种月面采样量的在轨自主测量方法

月面采样量的在轨自主测量是实现月面自主采样的必要环节。本文设计了一种月面采样装置,根据图像信息实现对月面采样量的在轨自主测量。针对图像中目标与背景灰度差较小、背景区域噪声较多的特点,采用了改进型最大类间方差法与连通标记自适应去噪方法,实现了采样区域较为准确的分割。针对单目相机无法直接获取采样区域尺寸的特点,利用已知物体尺寸进行在轨自主标定,结合图像中提取出的采样区域,完成了采样区域尺寸的计算,实现了采样量的在轨自主测量。试验结果表明,在轨自主测量结果与实际结果吻合,本文提出的在轨自主测量方法有效。     

Precise coseismic displacements from the GPS variometric approach using different precise products: Application to the 2008 MW 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

The Global Positioning System (GPS) variometric approach has emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional well-developed positioning techniques including relative positioning and precise point positioning. Previous studies have demonstrated the capability of the variometric approach to retrieve coseismic displacements at centimeter-level precision, in a real-time manner using only readily available broadcast ephemeris. This study presents the first results comparing the performance of the variometric approach by using a variety of precise satellite orbit and clock products. Totally six kinds of products are included in our evaluation, namely the broadcast, IGS (International GNSS Service) ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed), rapid, final (30-s clock) and CODE (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) final (5-s clock) products. Static and dynamic experiments are conducted using 1-Hz GPS data covering a relatively large area in China during the 2008 Wenchuan M_W 7.9 earthquake. After removing the linear trend, the displacements using broadcast, ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed) and rapid products reach nearly equivalent precisions at centimeter level. By using final and CODE final products, the precision of displacements can be significantly improved from 1.9–2.0 cm to 0.4–0.7 cm horizontally, and from 6.0–6.2 cm to 1.0–1.7 cm vertically for the dynamic experiments. The displacements using the CODE final products achieve the best precision, improved by more than 40% compared to those using the IGS final products. With the availability of IGS high-rate real-time precise products, this approach is promising to capture coseismic displacements more precisely in real time, which is crucial for earthquake and tsunami early warning.     

用数据矩阵奇异值分解实现时间欠采样信号频率无模糊估计

提出一种在欠Ｎｙｑｕｉｓｔ采样下可实现高宽频带内信号频率无模糊估计的算法，该算法通过构造一种特殊的数据矩阵，对数据矩阵奇异值分解，利用有限的采样数据构造出更为精确的噪声子空间，利用信号子空间与噪声子空间的正交性，精确地提取多个空间信号的频率信息。该法比基于协方差矩阵特征分解的算法具有更好的分辨性能。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

采样计算测量中的采样条件及混迭引起的测量误差的研究

分析了信号参数的测量与信号恢复的区别,讨论了用采样计算方法测量周期重复信号时的采样条件,定量地研究了采样不满足采样条件时,混迭引起的测量误差的大小及其性质,并给出了减小误差的均匀内插采样和随机采样方法。     

基于概率核函数的改进粒子滤波算法研究

针对组合导航系统中粒子滤波算法出现的粒子退化现象,在粒子滤波应用过程中引入概率核函数,通过概率核函数在粒子滤波计算过程中的应用来解决粒子衰减退化问题,同时保持粒子集合的多样性。首先对重要性采样函数进行改进设计,利用状态估计概率和量测估计概率提高重要性采样函数的信息采样全面性;然后设计随机概率统计的核函数并将其应用在重采样计算过程中;最后建立改进的粒子滤波算法并将其应用到组合导航系统工作过程中。仿真结果表明,基于概率核函数的改进粒子滤波算法可以有效地降低系统误差,提高组合导航系统导航精度。     

间歇采样重复转发对雷达恒虚警检测性能的影响分析

作为一种新型相干干扰,间歇采样转发干扰可以获得雷达脉冲压缩增益,对雷达系统构成了很大的威胁。针对采用线性调频脉冲压缩和单元平均类恒虚警检测的雷达系统,在分析了间歇采样重复转发压制干扰原理和雷达恒虚警检测的工作原理的基础上,理论分析推导了不同间歇采样占空比、转发增益和不同的噪声功率背景条件下重复转发干扰在真实目标CFAR检测区间的能量。通过分析信号能量、噪声能量和干扰能量之间的关系,推导了不同干扰参数下CFAR检测器的信噪比。研究结果表明,在重复全转发这种干扰样式下,采样频率、占空比均是影响影响检测器的重要参数,当优化参数配置,使得转发能量尽量位于检测单元内时,有相对理想的对抗效果。     

Influence of measure-density on combustor characteristics

The apparatus of scan measurement was used to gather the temperature pattern at the combustor outlet,where the average working temperature of gas was about 1700Kand the maximum temperature was about 1 950K.Consequently,the measurement part was cooled by water or air.Usually,for intermittent measurement devices,the interval of circle angel could be changed to get a high-density temperature distribution.A continuous measurement manner was adopted to get point in circle.The angle between two measurepoints was 1.286°.The annular combustor outlet was about 40to 50mm in height,where 5or 6measure points were usually arranged.In this device,10measure points were arranged in a range of 45.5mm.Four thermocouples were arranged in circle to obtain 2 800measure-points of the temperature field in a single experiment.Data were drawn from the whole datasheet at intervals.Each group of data whose number decreased in turn,included temperature points of 2 800,1 400,700,and 350,respectively.Several groups of temperature distributions with different densities were established.Subsequently,data processing was conducted to calculate the main combustor characteristics,including arithmetic or integral average temperature,OTDF(overall temperature distribution factor)and RTDF(radial temperature distribution factor).It is found that the data from different groups with different measuring densities result in significant difference on the combustor characteristics.The veracity of temperature characteristics increases with the growing measure-density.     

电力系统交流电参量检测系统的研究

文章提出了电力系统中交流电参量检测系统软硬件设计。硬件设计采用了同步采样法,同步信号由4046构成的锁相倍频电路实现;信号的采集主要由互感器和运放构成的转换电路完成;AD转换采用的是12位的AD574A芯片完成;采集的电压、电流数据经单片机处理后由RS232构成的串口上传至上位机。软件部分是以下位机采集的数据为检测对象,用数字信号处理技术对采样的数据进行分析,用DELPHI进行编程,实现电参量分析及显示功能。     

基于FPGA的现场数据采集无线传感器设计

针对大型试验现场数据采集具体应用,采用FPGA器件Cyclone芯片作为核心处理器件,利用Cyclone控制A/D转换芯片AD1674执行采样控制,在QuartusⅡ平台下执行软件编程实现正确的A/D转换的工作时序控制流程,并在FPGA片内实现对AD采样后的数据实现串行结构FIR滤波处理。又设计了FPGA对nRF2401的逻辑接口,以通过射频链路向外传输数据。     

先进飞机电气远程终端采样算法

针对先进飞机远程终端采样技术,对电压/电流(400Hz)采样点数和精度关系进行了讨论,由于工程采样中数字积分法的开方计算有效值对实时性有很大影响,给出了全新的不带根号的采样有效值算法,精度要求高的场合又在该算法的基础上设计了迭代算子.