基于统计学方法的卫星在轨热变形快速分析

为使用在轨实测温度数据辅助完成成像载荷视轴指向的在轨标定,首次将应用于地统计学中的普通克里格法用于卫星在轨温度场的无偏估计,提出了一种基于统计学方法的在轨热变形快速分析方法。应用热试验过程中星上少量温度实测数据进行卫星温度场的无偏估计,并将温度计算结果赋值到有限元模型,进而完成了热变形分析。应用此种方法,相比通过热物理方法进行温度场分析,可将热变形分析的工期缩短数日,且载荷变形的分析结果与试验实测结果的误差在1′左右,可较准确地得到载荷视轴在热变形作用下的指向变化。文章可为卫星在轨热变形的快速分析提供参考。     

Investigation of longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

The flight control system of a fly-by-wire （FBW） passenger airliner with a complex frame-work and high feedback gain augmentation would change the original characteristic of a loaded signal and suppress the excitation of an airplane＇s pertinent motion modes. Taking a research example of an FBW passenger airliner model with longitudinal relaxed-static-stability, a new method of signal type selection and signal parameter design is proposed, through analysis of signal energy distribution and plane body＇s frequency response. According to CCAR60--the Appraisal and Use Regulation of Flight Simulator Device, the simulation validation of the FBW passenger airliner＇s longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification is put forward. The validation result indicates that the designed signal could excite the longitudinal motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and the multiparameter comparison in simulation meets the objective test request of CCAR60. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 10%.     

R0110重型燃气轮机分级燃烧室NOx排放试验研究

R0110重型燃气轮机是中国第1台具有自主知识产权的重型燃气轮机,其燃烧室按照干式低排放（Dry Low NOx,DLN）原理设计,采用燃料径向分级的燃烧技术.燃烧室设计包括2种分级燃烧模式,第Ⅰ模式为常规燃烧模式,第Ⅱ模式主要是针对NOx排放问题而设计的.2种燃烧模式试验研究结果表明：第Ⅱ模式较第Ⅰ模式在污染物排放方面有显著降低,但2种模式均未满足设计要求.通过对试验结果做简要的阐述及分析,提出可采取调整各燃烧区的燃料分配比例、改进燃烧室结构等措施和建议,以进一步改善燃烧室NOx排放特性.     

基于光谱分析技术的磨损故障监测

采用转盘电极式原子发射光谱分析技术,监测某型燃气轮机传动润滑系统磨损状况的发展变化趋势,及时诊断早期磨损故障.为确保光谱分析技术监测的准确性,着重研究了环境温度波动、标准曲线细化、样品黏度以及磨损颗粒尺寸等主要因素对测量结果的影响,并简要阐述了光谱分析技术的基本原理.经大量研究试验表明:光谱分析技术能够提前预报燃气轮机传动润滑系统可能发生的磨损故障,是油液状态监控的1种有效手段.     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.     

Improved interpretation of solar wind ion measurements via high-resolution magnetic field data

The Wind   spacecraft’s Faraday cups (FC) continue to produce high-quality, in situ observations of thermal protons (i.e., ionized hydrogen) and α$\alpha$-particles (i.e., fully ionized helium) in the solar wind. By fitting a Wind/FC ion spectrum with a model velocity distribution function (VDF) for each particle species, values for density, bulk velocity, and temperature can be inferred. Incorporating measurements of the background magnetic field from the Wind Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) allows perpendicular and parallel temperature components to be separated. Prior implementations of this analysis averaged the higher-cadence Wind/MFI measurements to match that of the Wind/FC ion spectra. However, this article summarizes recent and extensive revisions to the analysis software that, among other things, eliminate such averaging and thereby account for variations in the direction of the magnetic field over the time taken to measure the ions. A statistical comparison reveals that the old version consistently underestimates the temperature anisotropy of ion VDF’s: averaging over fluctuations in the magnetic field essentially blurs the perpendicular and parallel temperature components, which makes the plasma seem artificially more isotropic. The new version not only provides a more accurate dataset of ion parameters (which is well suited to the study of microkinetic phenomena), it also demonstrates a novel technique for jointly processing particle and field data. Such methods are crucial to heliophysics as wave-particle interactions are increasingly seen as playing an important role in the dynamics of the solar wind and similar space plasmas.     

Numerical study of forced convective heat transfer around a spherical aerostat

Forced convective heat transfer is one of the major factors that dominate the thermal behaviors of aerostats. Due to the large physical size, the convection around an aerostat has high Reynolds numbers. The existing forced convective heat transfer correlations are limited to the Reynolds number lower than 10⁵, which are not appropriate for aerostat applications. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a convective heat transfer correlation applicable to spherical aerostats at high Reynolds numbers. In this paper, steady convective heat transfer from an isothermal spherical aerostat is numerically investigated. The numerical simulation is carried out by commercial computational fluid dynamic software with the Reynolds number from 20 to 10⁸. The average Nusselt numbers are obtained and compared with those of available in literature. Based on regression and optimization with software, a new piecewise correlation of Nusselt number is proposed. The verification shows that the new correlation is reliable.     

大攻角侧向喷流流场特性及喷流干扰效应

采用HLLC近似黎曼解格式求解N-S方程,对大攻角条件下超音速尖拱细长旋成体导弹的单侧向喷流干扰流场进行了数值模拟.并对喷流流场压力分布、喷口附近流动及流场旋涡结构进行了研究,分析了大攻角对细长旋成体侧向喷流干扰压力分布及干扰因子的影响.研究结果表明,HLLC格式计算复杂流场具有较好的数值稳定性;侧向喷流与来流的干扰总...     

高动态环境下惯组辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号的捕获

针对高动态环境下多普勒频移超出了接收机的搜索范围接收机无法捕获卫星导航信号这一问题,提出了利用INS辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号捕获的方法.该方法利用INS提供的载体位置、速度信息,并结合通过卫星星历(或历书)得到的卫星位置、速度估算载波多普勒频移,利用估算的载波多普勒频移重新设定GNSS接收机载波搜索中心频率,使G...     

GNSS接收机数字载波跟踪环建模与噪声性能分析

针对GNSS接收机高灵敏度跟踪问题,研究数字载波跟踪环热噪声相位颤动与相干积累时间长度的关系.在分析I·Q鉴相器的Costas载波环信号处理流程的基础上,建立了新的环路线性化模型.基于该模型,推导了由最佳模拟环路滤波器双线性变换离散化得到的数字载波跟踪环的噪声性能.数值分析表明:采用I·Q鉴相器的二阶、三阶数字载波环热噪声相位颤动,随相干积累时间的增大先减小后增大,存在热噪声相位颤动最小意义上的最佳相干积累时间.仿真结果验证了理论分析结论,同时表明新建模型对数字载波跟踪环的描述比传统模型更准确.文中给出的各载噪比和环路带宽组合条件下的最佳相干积累时间,可用于指导高灵敏度接收机载波跟踪环设计.