初值不确定轨道可达区域计算

为计算航天器轨道初值不确定造成的可达区域（RD）,提出一种适用于椭圆参考轨道的计算方法。以航天器的名义轨道作为基线,定义一个随时间变化的移动参考平面,在此移动平面上建立名义轨道到可达区域上任一点的距离函数,函数的极大值点即为可达区包络的边界点,从而将问题转换为非线性方程组的求解问题,并对动力学模型部分线性化带来的误差进行了分析。随后采用变参数的自适应同伦算法对方程组进行求解。最后对航天器释放微小卫星的实例进行数值仿真,结果显示该方法可行有效。     

Investigation of longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

The flight control system of a fly-by-wire （FBW） passenger airliner with a complex frame-work and high feedback gain augmentation would change the original characteristic of a loaded signal and suppress the excitation of an airplane＇s pertinent motion modes. Taking a research example of an FBW passenger airliner model with longitudinal relaxed-static-stability, a new method of signal type selection and signal parameter design is proposed, through analysis of signal energy distribution and plane body＇s frequency response. According to CCAR60--the Appraisal and Use Regulation of Flight Simulator Device, the simulation validation of the FBW passenger airliner＇s longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification is put forward. The validation result indicates that the designed signal could excite the longitudinal motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and the multiparameter comparison in simulation meets the objective test request of CCAR60. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 10%.     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.     

Numerical study of forced convective heat transfer around a spherical aerostat

Forced convective heat transfer is one of the major factors that dominate the thermal behaviors of aerostats. Due to the large physical size, the convection around an aerostat has high Reynolds numbers. The existing forced convective heat transfer correlations are limited to the Reynolds number lower than 10⁵, which are not appropriate for aerostat applications. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a convective heat transfer correlation applicable to spherical aerostats at high Reynolds numbers. In this paper, steady convective heat transfer from an isothermal spherical aerostat is numerically investigated. The numerical simulation is carried out by commercial computational fluid dynamic software with the Reynolds number from 20 to 10⁸. The average Nusselt numbers are obtained and compared with those of available in literature. Based on regression and optimization with software, a new piecewise correlation of Nusselt number is proposed. The verification shows that the new correlation is reliable.     

高动态环境下惯组辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号的捕获

针对高动态环境下多普勒频移超出了接收机的搜索范围接收机无法捕获卫星导航信号这一问题,提出了利用INS辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号捕获的方法.该方法利用INS提供的载体位置、速度信息,并结合通过卫星星历(或历书)得到的卫星位置、速度估算载波多普勒频移,利用估算的载波多普勒频移重新设定GNSS接收机载波搜索中心频率,使G...     

GNSS接收机数字载波跟踪环建模与噪声性能分析

针对GNSS接收机高灵敏度跟踪问题,研究数字载波跟踪环热噪声相位颤动与相干积累时间长度的关系.在分析I·Q鉴相器的Costas载波环信号处理流程的基础上,建立了新的环路线性化模型.基于该模型,推导了由最佳模拟环路滤波器双线性变换离散化得到的数字载波跟踪环的噪声性能.数值分析表明:采用I·Q鉴相器的二阶、三阶数字载波环热噪声相位颤动,随相干积累时间的增大先减小后增大,存在热噪声相位颤动最小意义上的最佳相干积累时间.仿真结果验证了理论分析结论,同时表明新建模型对数字载波跟踪环的描述比传统模型更准确.文中给出的各载噪比和环路带宽组合条件下的最佳相干积累时间,可用于指导高灵敏度接收机载波跟踪环设计.     

天问一号探测器高动态着陆惯导系统设计与试验

考虑到火星探测任务着陆过程动态变化大,稀薄大气环境下开伞会对探测器产生剧烈晃动,为此天问一号探测器研制了一套高动态着陆惯导系统,从硬件产品、使用时序到导航算法方面均进行了针对性设计,以适应着陆过程中的高动态环境.此外,为验证天问一号探测器高动态着陆惯导系统的性能,设计了模拟火星开伞工况的火箭弹高空开伞试验,结果表明该高...     

用于压力传感器校准的高低温试验箱设计

基于压力传感器在高低温环境下的校准需求,设计了一种专用高低温试验箱。其控制温度范围可达到-120℃[KG-*4]~[KG-*7]500℃。提出了高低温试验箱的总体方案,介绍了宽温区温度的实现方法以及高温和低温系统不兼容的解决方法和控制流程。试验验证结果显示,高低温试验箱达到了实现宽温区温度的目的,满足设计指标要求。     

空间非合作目标未知构型重建质量评估方法

针对基于线阵激光雷达扫描重建获得的三维模型,因其构型未知,无法通过模型对比进行质量评估,本文着重研究未知构型的质量评估方法。首先,采用3σ优化的最小二乘法对空间非合作目标点云平面与直线进行拟合;其次,从点云密度、重建几何性质、表面完整度进行重建质量评估,再基于上述三种评估方法建立多因素综合评估数学模型,对三维重建结果进行满意度质量评估;最后通过仿真实验验证评估方法,获得多因素综合评估满意度为95.5889%,实验结果表明该评估方法合理且具有参考价值。该研究不仅能验证基于线阵激光雷达三维重建结果的精度,还为空间非合作目标未知构型质量评估提供一种新的研究思路。     

弯曲激波压缩型面的设计及数值分析

分别采用等压缩角和递增压缩角的小折线构成压缩型面。研究了二维均匀超声来流流过压缩面时的波后超声流场,结果表明,该方法能够形成弯曲激波且波后气流沿流向的壁面静压近似为等压力梯度,其等压力梯度程度取决于各小折线压缩角的配置。采用该方法生成的曲面压缩型面进气道附面层稳定性好,优于常规的平面压缩进气道。与二维常规平面压缩进气道相比,设计工况下,性能相当;非设计工况下,性能优于二维常规平面压缩进气道。