37SiMnCrNiMoVA薄钢板的热处理

模拟某高速飞行器筒体的生产工艺过程，对厚度为１．２ｍｍ的３７ＳｉＭｎＣｒＮｉＭｏＶＡ薄钢板，按不同热处理规范进行热处理，并观察其金相组织，测出机械力学性能。经过对比、分析，得到了该薄钢板的最佳热处理规范，从而提高了该筒体的产品质量。     

煤油加热器螺旋管内煤油传热特性分析

针对燃气加热方式的煤油加热器,为预测其工作性能参数发展了一维传热分析程序,试验验证最大误差为9.7%,结果较为准确。利用该程序研究了煤油加热器流动传热规律及多个因素对其工作特性的影响规律。研究结果表明,典型工况下,煤油从入口到出口温度升高,雷诺数由5.94×104升高至2.39×106,普朗特数由11.2降低至1.4,存在数量级变化,说明对流换热情况复杂;煤油速度逐渐增大,高温区停留时间短,仅为0.28s,结焦影响小;燃气温度、煤油流量和燃气流量是影响其加热能力的主要因素,其作用大小依次降低,而煤油压力和燃气压力对传热过程影响很小。该方法可以有效预测煤油加热器的工作能力。     

Microstructure evolution of a hypereutectic Nb–Ti–Si–Cr–Al–Hf alloy processed by directional solidification

In this work, the Nb–14Si–24Ti–10Cr–2Al–2Hf–0.1Y alloy(at.%) was processed by the liquid–metal-cooled directional solidification(DS) at 1750 C with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6,18 mm/min and post heat treatment(HT) at 1450 C for 10 h. The microstructures of the directionally solidified and heat treated samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified alloy mainly consists of petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics and Ti-rich Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the primary Nb5Si3is eliminated, Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectic cells turn round and connected with the microstructure refinement and Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics turn to a river-like morphology. After heat treatment,Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics disappeared and petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics turn to a specific fiber-mesh structure gradually, which is promoted by higher withdrawal rates. Furthermore,both the volume fraction of Cr2Nb and the content of Cr in Nbssof Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics change regularly with the increase of withdrawal rate and heat treatment at 1450 C for 10 h.     

3D打印技术在航空发动机换热器研制中的应用展望

简要介绍了3D打印技术的发展历程和国内外的研究现状,重点介绍了3D打印技术的特点及其应用于航空发动机换热器研制的原因,分析了相关应用实例,最后对3D打印技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

氧换热器在两相流条件下的压力脉动机理分析

氢氧液体火箭发动机氧换热器在研制过程中出现了压力脉动现象,影响了换热器的正常工作.以该型换热器为研究对象,将换热器分为燃气侧、汇总管、圆管等结构,进行了CFD仿真计算,与试验结果对比,修正了传热相关参数,建立了换热器理论计算模型用于参数计算;利用非线性方法分析试验数据,确定了该换热器为混沌系统;利用两相流分析与电路类比...     

Accurately predicting hypersonic transitional flow on cone via a symmetry approach

A new algebraic transition model is proposed based on a Structural Ensemble Dynamics (SED) theory of wall turbulence, for accurately predicting the hypersonic flow heat transfer on cone. The model defines the eddy viscosity in terms of a two-dimensional multi-regime distribution of a Stress Length (SL) function, and hence is named as SED-SL. This paper presents clear evidence of precise predictions of transition onset location and peak heat flux of a wide range of hypersonic Transitional Boundary Layers (TrBL) around straight cone at zero incidence, to an unprecedented accuracy as validated by over 70 measurements for varying five crucial influential factors (Mach number, temperature ratio, cone half angle, nose Reynolds number and noise level). The results demonstrate the universality of the postulated multi-regime similarity structure, in characterizing not only the spatial non-uniform distribution of the eddy viscosity in hypersonic TrBL on cone, but also the dependence of the transition onset location on the five influential factors. The latter yields a novel correlation formula for transition center Reynolds number which takes similar functional form as the SL function within the symmetry approach. It is concluded that the SED-SL model simulates TrBL around cone with uniformly high accuracy, and then points out to an optimistic alternative way to construct hypersonic transition model.     

PGE/ Phenolic 的动态热解对温度场计算的影响

通过建立材料动态热解情况下的非稳态导热微分方程,研究了PGE/ Phenolic 的动态热解对温度 场计算的影响,并将理论计算值与地面试验的实测值进行了对比分析。结果表明,对PGE/ Phenolic 考虑动态 热解能有效修正温度场计算的精度,使理论计算值与实测值更为接近。     

Heat transfer characteristics in a narrow confined channel with discrete impingement cooling

Heat transfer characteristics in a narrow confined channel with discrete impingement cooling were investigated using thermal infrared camera. Detailed heat transfer distributions and comparisons on three surfaces with three impact diameters were experimentally studied in the range of Reynolds number of 3000 to 30000. The experimental results indicated that the strong impingement jet leaded to a high strength heat transfer zone in the ΔX=±2.5D_j range of the impact center,which was 1.3–...     

Hypersonic shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interaction in a sharp cone/flare model

A direct numerical simulation of hypersonic Shock wave and Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction(STBLI) at Mach 6.0 on a sharp 7° half-angle circular cone/flare configuration at zero angle of attack is performed. The flare angle is 34° and the momentum thickness Reynolds number based on the incoming turbulent boundary layer on the sharp circular cone is Re_θ = 2506. It is found that the mean flow is separated and the separation bubble occurring near the corner exhibits unsteadiness. The Reynolds analogy factor changes dramatically across the interaction, and varies between 1.06 and 1.27 in the downstream region, while the QP85 scaling factor has a nearly constant value of 0.5 across the interaction. The evolution of the reattached boundary layer is characterized in terms of the mean profiles, the Reynolds stress components, the anisotropy tensor and the turbulence kinetic energy. It is argued that the recovery is incomplete and the near-wall asymptotic behavior does not occur for the hypersonic interaction. In addition, mean skin friction decomposition in an axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer is carried out for the first time. Downstream of the interaction, the contributions of transverse curvature and body divergence are negligible, whereas the positive contribution associated with the turbulence kinetic energy production and the negative spatial-growth contribution are dominant. Based on scale decomposition, the positive contribution is further divided into terms with different spanwise length scales. The negative contribution is analyzed by comparing the convective term, the streamwise-heterogeneity term and the pressure gradient term.     

A multi-parameter model of heat treatment process for soft magnetic materials on performance of HSERs

Material properties play an important role in the performance of electromagnetic mechanism. For an aeronautic Hermetically-Sealed Electromagnetic Relay (HSER), more than 50% parts are made of soft magnetic materials. Therefore, the performance of soft magnetic materials directly determines the static and dynamic characteristics of the HSER. Based on the theory of crystal recrystallization, this paper analyzes cold extrusion and heat treatment in the processing of soft magnetic materials, simulates the grain change process of an armature at different heat treatment temperatures, establishes a correlation model of temperature, grain size, and magnetic energy, and verifies results by scanning electron microscopy. Results of heat treatment temperatures from 800 °C to 920 °C are obtained and compared. A sample soft magnetic material after heat treatment at different temperatures has the largest difference in the initial magnetization range, up to 22%. In order to verify the fluctuation of the overall output characteristics of an HSER caused by the difference between soft magnetic materials, a static and dynamic analysis model of a typical HSER is established, and the accuracy of the model is verified by a set of actual test system. The difference of dynamic characteristics under different heat treatment temperatures is nearly 3%.