小型气氢气氧火箭发动机试验系统设计研究

根据小型气氢气氧火箭发动机试验工况的要求设计完成1 000 N级的气氢气氧火箭发动机试验系统.介绍了供气系统的设计过程,详细讨论了气氢气氧流量与管径的选取过程,完成了比对式推力测量装置和计算机测量与控制系统的设计,并进行系统标定及冷流验证试验.该试验系统能在不同工况下开展小型火箭发动机冷热试验研究,同时实现远程计算机监控,具有较高精度.      

铜/钢/铜纳米多层复合板制备

本文将预先进行过表面处理的H62黄铜与Q235钢叠合进行轧制复合,整体压下量71%,制备出0.9mm厚的铜/钢/铜复合板。轧制过程中,铜、铁原子在复合界面处发生了互扩散,互扩散范围约10um。对其进行反复弯曲测试,结果表明复合板轧制复合效果良好。     

武装直升机射击后座力补偿控制系统设计

武装直升机武器发射时的后座力会引起载机运动参数的变化,进而影响武器的射击精度,它实质上是一种扰动响应现象.为了减小这些影响,提出了基于非线性H_∞方法的后座力补偿控制方案. 首先利用飞行器六自由度动力学方程,通过分 析求解Hamilton-Jacobi偏微分不等式,得到鲁棒的期望力和力矩指令.然后根据直升机气动力和力矩的推导公式,采用迭代算法对期望值进行逼近,得到实际的桨矩操纵量.最后结合飞行控制系统和后座力干扰参数进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明所设计的控制系统具有较好的性能和稳定鲁棒性,能有效抑制后座力对机体运动状态的扰动.      

H+辐照前后C-SiC涂层的XPS分析

对不锈钢基体上离子束混合沉积的C－SiC涂层进行了H^ 辐照模拟试验，由SIMS测量H^ 辐照前后氢的浓试分布，采用沟电子能谱（XPS）对H^ 辐照前后涂层元素C和Si进行了内层电子结合能的测量分析，研究C及Si的化学键态的变化与H的关系，探讨SiC涂层阻氢机理。     

基于气浮台的编队飞行地面试验建模与鲁棒控制器设计

为分析验证卫星编队飞行涉及的相对导航、制导与控制以及星间通信等问题,搭建了编队飞行的地面试验系统,采用了一块3m×4.5m的气浮平台和具有两个平动自由度和一个转动自由度的卫星仿真器分别来模拟低阻力的空间环境和编队飞行的卫星,相对导航采用了视觉相机和室内GPS两种方案,星间通信则通过蓝牙进行模拟。推导了描述仿真器间相对运动的包含参数不确定性的动力学模型,并基于此模型设计了带极点配置的鲁棒H∞控制算法,通过姿态同步和构型保持等仿真实验重点对编队飞行的相对导航、星间通信和相对状态控制进行分析验证,对实际的编队任务具有一定的参考和指导意义。     

旋流流动对水冲压发动机性能影响

基于某药柱式水冲压发动机,建立粉末式水冲压发动机模型.利用Fluent软件模拟研究旋流流动对水冲压发动机流动与燃烧反应性能的影响.选择k ε双方程模型作为湍流模型,有限速率/涡耗散模型作为燃烧模型,基于密度隐式耦合求解进行计算.结果表明:添加旋流叶片并增大旋流角度,燃烧室最高燃烧温度、平均燃烧温度、出口速度和比冲均增大.研究证明添加旋流叶片对水冲压发动机流动与燃烧反应性能有很大改进,且旋流角度越大,效果越明显.      

Non-fragile switched control for morphing aircraft with asynchronous switching

This paper deals with the problem of non-fragile linear parameter-varying (LPV) H∞ control for morphing aircraft with asynchronous switching.The switched LPV model of morphing aircraft is established by Jacobian linearization approach according to the nonlinear model.The data missing is taken into account in the link from sensors to controllers and the link from controllers to actuators,which satisfies Bernoulli distribution.The non-fragile switched LPV controllers are con structed with consideration of the uncertainties of controllers and asynchronous switching phenomenon.The parameter-dependent Lyapunov functional method and mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) method are combined to guarantee the stability and prescribed performance of the system.The sufficient conditions on the solvability of the problem are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI).In order to achieve higher efficiency of the designing process,an algo rithm is applied to divide the whole set into subsets automatically.Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the method in the paper.     

Severe disruption of the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules in a human macrophageal cell line in microgravity—Results of an in vitro experiment on board of the Shenzhou-8 space mission

During spaceflight the immune system is one of the most affected systems of the human body. During the SIMBOX (Science in Microgravity Box) mission on Shenzhou-8, we investigated microgravity-associated long-term alterations in macrophageal cells, the most important effector cells of the immune system. We analyzed the effect of long-term microgravity on the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules. Human U937 cells were differentiated into a macrophageal phenotype and exposed to microgravity or 1g on a reference centrifuge on-orbit for 5 days. After on-orbit fixation, the samples were analyzed with immunocytochemical staining and confocal microscopy after landing. The unmanned Shenzhou-8 spacecraft was launched on board a Long March 2F (CZ-2F) rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) and landed after a 17-day-mission. We found a severely disturbed actin cytoskeleton, disorganized tubulin and distinctly reduced expression of CD18, CD36 and MHC-II after the 5 days in microgravity. The disturbed cytoskeleton, the loss of surface receptors for bacteria recognition, the activation of T lymphocytes, the loss of an important scavenger receptor and of antigen-presenting molecules could represent a dysfunctional macrophage phenotype. This phenotype in microgravity would be not capable of migrating or recognizing and attacking pathogens, and it would no longer activate the specific immune system, which could be investigated in functional assays. Obviously, the results have to be interpreted with caution as the model system has some limitations and due to numerous technical and biological restrictions (e.g. 23 °C and no CO₂ supply during in-flight incubation). All parameter were carefully pre-tested on ground. Therefore, the experiment could be adapted to the experimental conditions available on Shenzhou-8.     

海上动态条件下静电陀螺监控器启动技术

静电陀螺监控器在航天测量船列装是该设备在国内首次被应用于大型水面舰艇。在此之前其设计方案以及启动策略全部针对于水下舰艇,对于航天测量船而言没有任何经验可以借鉴。因此,探索静电陀螺监控器在海上动态条件下的高精度启动技术成为了当前该设备在航天测量船应用中的主要问题。针对该问题,通过分析静电陀螺监控器启动的关键过程,结合设备工作原理,重点对海上动态条件下静电陀螺监控器的启动技术和相关参数进行了研究,实现了静电陀螺监控器在海上动态条件下的高精度启动。该技术目前已经成熟并且成功应用于测量船测控任务。     

一种基于航摄图像特性的H.263压缩算法的改进

研究了航摄视频图像的特性,并根据航摄视频图像的特性,从预测初始搜索点、搜索策略和半像素精度运动估值方面改进了H.263标准中的运动估计算法。实验结果表明,针对航摄图像特性改进的算法比全搜索算法和三步搜索算法具有更高的搜索效率。