应用计算几何的月面太阳辐照度仿真模型

月面太阳辐照度对月面环境分析、月面巡视器设计具有重要意义。文章提出了一种应用计算几何的月面任意位置太阳辐照度仿真模型。首先,计算太阳、地球等天体相对月面点的位置;然后,将各天体投影至以月面点为球心的天球球面,并通过裁剪运算和二维布尔运算得到太阳未被遮挡的形状;最后,利用太阳可见面积对理想太阳辐照度模型进行修正,得到通用的模型。为验证提出模型的有效性,将仿真结果与STK软件进行比较。结果表明,文章中的模型综合考虑了地球、月面等多种因素对太阳辐射的耦合影响,其与STK软件获得的结果相比,更符合真实的太阳光照状态。     

星载稀布L阵对地面辐射源的高精度测向研究

在均匀分布和非均匀分布两种情况下,采用二维MUSIC算法研究了星载稀布L阵列的地面辐射源测向精度。对地面辐射源方位估计、小角度辐射源分辨率,以及测向精度的分析和仿真结果表明,星载L型阵列能实现对地面辐射源的高精度二维测向。在相同条件下,非均匀阵的测向性能明显优于均匀阵。     

月尘环境效应及地面模拟技术

介绍了月球尘的特点及其对探月活动的影响。在分析月球尘环境及其对月面探测器污染、磨损、阻塞、静电效应的基础上,对月球尘环境模拟技术、月球尘扬尘及其运动学和动力学规律、月球尘效应防护及试验评价方法等研究方向和重点提出了一些初步看法。针对研究内容的需求,梳理出一台完整的月球尘地面模拟试验设备应具备真空、温度、太阳风、太阳紫外、月球尘、月面电场、月面磁场等环境因素。在此基础上,设计了一种月球尘地面模拟试验装置方案,并对月球尘环境效应试验方法进行了初步讨论。为月球探测后期任务条件保障建设及相关研究工作提供参考。     

快速响应侦察的测控通信与地面站布设研究

快速响应侦察是空间快速响应技术的一个重要应用,而合理布设地面站以保障侦察卫星的发射测控和快速数据回收是侦察任务顺利完成的基础。通过分析近地快速覆盖轨道和近地重复覆盖轨道的对地覆盖特性,针对发射测控和快速数据回收提出了地面站的布设原则,结合我国领土特点给出了这2类轨道的地面站布设方案,并求解了该方案所能提供的发射测控弧段长度和侦察数据返回时间。分析表明,在我国境内布设地面站以保障快速响应侦察卫星的发射测控和快速数据回收是可行的,其数据返回时间小于1个轨道周期。     

超黄蜂直升机换装国产桨叶的动力学分析

本文介绍了超黄蜂直升机换装国产桨叶的动力学分析,给出了超黄蜂直升机装原型机桨叶和换装国产直8A 型机桨叶的飞行振动水平的实测结果,对超黄蜂直升机换装国产桨叶前、后的振动水平进行了对比分析;对照 ADS-27的要求,计算了振动影响指数、1次/转的振动水平和仪表板的振动水平,并进行了超黄蜂直升机换装国产桨叶前、后振动水平的 ADS-27符合性对比分析;本文还介绍了超黄蜂直升机装原型机桨叶和换装国产直8A 型机桨叶的“地面共振”计算结果,进行了“地面共振”对比分析。通过振动水平对比测量、分析和“地面共振”对比计算分析,对超黄蜂直升机换装国产直8A 型机主、尾桨叶的方案是否可行,得出了明确的动力学分析结论,为保证超黄蜂直升机换装国产桨叶的飞行安全提供了依据。     

载荷谱实测机翼地面标定技术浅论

就飞机载荷谱实测机翼地面标定的原理、标定方法及标定数据处理进行了较详尽的阐述。对飞机载荷谱实测的前期工作有较强的指导意义。     

太阳同步卫星双星组网维持策略

某准共面星座由两颗相位差为 180°的太阳同步卫星组成。在对其进行轨道维持时 ,需综合考虑相位差和地面轨迹范围两方面的限制。然而 ,由于这两颗卫星的轨道倾角存在差异 ,使得在轨道维持过程中不能同时满足相位差和地面轨迹的要求。为解决上述问题 ,本文提出了调整地面参考轨迹的方法 ,实践证明有效。     

Estimation of ground range on the sweep frequency backscatter leading edge

The high frequency management system with backscatter radar supplies the real time ionosphere channel conditions to high frequency users, which leads to the demand for the ground range between the radar location and the scatters on the distant ground. The ionosphere electron density profile is usually inversed to obtain the ground range. An inversion algorithm, with which the ground range on the leading edge of the backscatter ionograms can be obtained without electron density, is presented in this paper. The ray path geometry of the backscatter sounding and the change in the group path on the leading edge with operating frequency are used to derive the ground range. Synthesized backscatter ionogram and experimental backscatter ionograms are processed to validate the algorithm. The results indicate that the algorithm is usable for high frequency management system.     

Satellite and ground detection of very dense smoke clouds produced on the islands of the Paraná river delta that affected a large region in Central Argentina

Intense fires were produced on the Paraná river delta islands, Argentina, during most part of 2008, by a combination of an exceptionally dry period and the farmers’ use of a fire land-cleaning technique. In April 2008, those fires significantly affected the nearby regions and their inhabitants, from Rosario city to Buenos Aires mega-city. In this work we present satellite as well as ground Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at 550 nm data obtained during the propagation of pollution clouds to the central zone of Argentina. The highest value (1.18) was registered at Buenos Aires by atmospheric remote sensing, using the satellite instrument MODIS/Terra on April 18th 2008 at 10:35 local time (= UT − 3 h). On the same day, ground air quality detectors also measured in this city the highest Total Suspended Particle (TSP) value of the month, 2.02 mg/m³. The AOD(550) daily variation at Rosario Astronomical Observatory, which is located near the Paraná riverside, was derived by combining solar ultraviolet erythemal irradiance data (measured with a YES biometre) with model calculations. On April 25th 2008, from 12:00 to 15:30 local time, a rather high and constant AOD(550) value was registered, with a mean value of (0.90 ± 0.21). Cities located on the side of the Rosario–Buenos Aires highway (San Nicolás, Baradero and San Pedro) were also affected, showing a mean AOD(550) between the Rosario and Buenos Aires values. The particulate matter was collected with gridded samplers placed on the Paraná river islands as well as at the Rosario Observatory. They were analysed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and mainly showed a biological origin. Even if normally large particles travel small distances from the source, organic aerosol in the range of 40–100 μm and complex asymmetric structures were registered several kilometres away from the aerosol sources on the islands. Another event of intense UV index attenuation (98.6%) occurred on September 18th 2008, due to very dense smoke clouds that extended over the Rosario area for several hours. The clouds were driven away from the fires by East–northeast and East–southeast winds. The minimum value of this index measured around noon allows to derive a maximum AOD(550)_max = (3.65 ± 0.90) at 12:45 local time. Soot clouds extended over the Paraná river, transporting Burned Biomass Debris (BBD) that deposited on Rosario. In particular, burned leaves and small branches with dimensions of 1–20 cm were collected. The mean (BBD) particles deposited on the ground from 7:00 to 19:00 local time were (0.92 ± 0.20) BBD/(m² h).     

地面检测设备中数字逻辑电路干扰的分析和抑制

为了提高电子设备的性能,数字逻辑电路的设计必须十分可靠,通常设计数字逻辑电路只研究输入和输出的静态逻辑关系,这样设计出来的电路有时不可避免会产生毛刺,这些毛刺是事先没有估计的,因为设计者缺乏对数字逻辑电路过渡过程的考虑。本文提出了一种实用毛刺判别法,利用转移值表的方法分析一类时序电路,并从几个实例说明转移值法能够事先判别毛刺存在与否,使设计更加完善。本文还分析了开关对逻辑电路产生干扰的原因和抑制方法。并讨论了抑制毛刺的实用方法,指出竞争的可利用性。