基于双三次B样条插值的薄壁件加工误差补偿方法

以薄壁件加工过程为研究对象,针对薄壁件加工的误差预测、补偿问题,提出一种基于双三次B样条插值的薄壁件加工误差补偿方法.在获得薄壁件历史加工数据的基础上,运用插值理论建立误差模型,得到误差分布规律,考虑切削力与弹性变形之间的迭代影响建立误差补偿方法.该方法综合考虑了弹性变形、热误差、几何误差等多种误差源,通过数值分析方法建立误差模型,避免以往薄壁件误差建模中误差源分析不全、解析困难的弊端,最终以薄板工件为例,通过实验验证,应用该误差补偿方法可有效提高薄壁件的加工精度.     

Optimization and verification of free flight separation similarity law in high-speed wind tunnel

Based on the similarity of separation time, a similarity law optimization method for high-speed weapon delivery test is derived. The typical separation state under wind load is simulated by the numerical method. The real separation data of aircraft, separation data of previous test methods, separation data of ideal wind tunnel test of previous methods, and simulation data of the proposed optimization method are obtained. A comparison of the data shows that the method proposed can improve the performance of tracking. Similarity law optimization starts with the development of motion equations and dynamic equations in the windless state to address the problems of mismatching between vertical and horizontal displacement, and to address the problems of separation trajectory distortion caused by insufficient gravity acceleration of the scaling model of existing light model. The ejection velocity of the model is taken as a factor/vector, and is adjusted reasonably to compensate the linear displacement insufficiency caused by the insufficient vertical acceleration of the light model method, so as to ensure the matching of the vertical and horizontal displacement of the projectile, and to improve the consistency between the test results of high-speed projection and the actual separation trajectory. The optimized similarity law is applicable to many existing free-throwing modes of high-speed wind tunnels. The optimized similarity law is not affected by the ejection velocity and hanging mode of the projectile. The optimized similarity law is suitable not only for the launching of the buried ammunition compartment and external stores, but also for the test design of projectile launching and gravity separation.     

W波段UAV MISAR实时成像运动补偿方法

建立了实时成像正侧视合成孔径雷达(SAR)运动误差模型,采用了一种基于惯导和相位梯度自聚焦(PGA)运动误差估计的中心波束平面运动补偿算法。该算法对回波包络和相位进行分开补偿,利用惯导数据把带有运动误差的回波包络拉直,再利用相位梯度自聚焦算法对回波进行相位误差估计并补偿。针对实时成像的时间少、运算量大、运算资源受限等特点,该算法取消了距离徙动校正的步骤,将运动误差矢量在斜距平面投影并完成包络校正和相位误差估计。该方法运算量小,同时能满足分辨率要求。仿真结果表明:该方法能够得到质量较高的SAR图像。     

基于超磁致伸缩材料的FBG电流传感器温度特性研究

针对基于超磁致伸缩材料的FBG电流传感器,分析了温度对传感头各个部分和整个传感头的影响,通过试验研究了FBG、Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒以及传感头三个部分的温度特性。结果表明,FBG的温度特性为线性,Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒以及传感头的温度特性整体为非线性,Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒的温度响应大于FBG的温度响应,传感头的温度特性主要取决于Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒的温度特性。在26℃到60℃范围内,根据传感头的温度特性,可采取分段补偿的方法消除温度影响,将温度特性分为线性区和非线性区两个范围,分别得到了传感头温度特性拟合方程。     

一种无陀螺捷联惯导系统角速度解算组合算法

无陀螺捷联惯导系统仅利用加速度计就可完成惯性测量与导航,然而采用积分法解算载体的角速度时误差积累严重,发散迅速。文章采用一种常用的九加速度计配置方案,设计一种积分法补偿算法,并针对其初始时段误差过大的问题提出了一种组合算法。仿真验证能有效地抑制解算误差的发散,提高了解算精度。     

一种MEMS陀螺标度因数误差补偿方法

高动态、恶劣温度环境下,微小型飞行器(MAV)导航、制导与控制系统关键器件微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺受温度和转速耦合影响,其标度因数误差呈强非线性特点,常规方法无法精确补偿。通过分析MEMS陀螺标度因数误差的产生机理,建立了包含温度和转速非线性因素的标度因数误差模型,提出一种基于径向基(RBF)神经网络的标度因数非线性耦合误差补偿方法,解决了常规补偿方法精度差的问题。标定与补偿实验表明:在-10～+55℃温度范围、-150～+150(°)/s输入转速范围内,采用新方法补偿后MEMS陀螺输出平均精度比多项式拟合方法提高7倍;在-20～+20(°)/s低输入转速的误差强非线性区间内,精度提高近20倍,验证了本文方法的有效性和优越性。     

振梁加速度计温度误差模型及补偿技术研究

研究了振梁加速度计温度误差建模及补偿问题。分析了振梁加速度计受温度影响的主要因素,应用最小二乘算法得到零偏、标度因数与温度的多项式拟合关系,进而得到振梁加速度计的温度误差模型。利用该误差模型进行温度补偿。结果表明：经过温度建模和补偿,振梁加速度计精度有明显的提高。     

捷联惯性测量系统中陀螺仪线性度分段补偿方法研究

某型小型化捷联惯性测量系统的陀螺仪线性度在不同角速率下差异较大,提高精度需要修改硬件。本文在硬件不变的情况下,提出了一种分段补偿的软件设计方法,即在不同的速率点采取不同的标度因数。试验数据表明,补偿后的陀螺仪线性度得到提高,达到指标要求,证明此方法是有效的。     

准双曲面齿轮冷摆辗方案回弹误差补偿

提出一种冷摆辗方案,该方案简化了模具结构,采用局部线接触连续塑性成形.采用位移修正算法构建回弹误差补偿迭代系统,对冷摆辗模具进行修正来降低回弹误差.该系统的特点是首先用修正算法预估下一次冷摆辗假设无回弹时工件的几何形状,然后由冷摆辗模具设计原理推出所需要的新冷摆辗模具.基于弹塑性有限元法基本理论,借助有限元数值模拟技术进行实例验证,分析结果证明:该回弹误差补偿迭代系统只需3次迭代工件误差已经在允许的范围内,因此其可大大的缩短生产周期和成本.      

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.