论航天遥感器研制过程中的防静电

文章从应用新技术、新器件可能对航天遥感器产品带来的静电损伤的现象入手 ,介绍了静电放电原理、带来的危害及生成的因素。分析了航天遥感器在研制过程中出现的静电放电现象和产生的原因 ,提出了研制过程中应采取的防静电措施     

用于激光推进的球隙火花开关放电特性的研究

在自行研制的高压球隙火花开关上,研究短间隙下(6 mm)不同工作气压、不同冷却气体速度对开关工作电压范围、延迟时间和抖动时间的影响及规律。结果表明:提高气压能扩大工作电压范围,增加开关的时延;吹气能够降低开关的时延,但增加开关的抖动时间。在本实验条件下,将开关工作气压从1×105Pa提高到2×105Pa,工作电压范围扩大了50%以上,但开关的时延增加了20 ns,抖动增加了10 ns;有气体冷却时开关的延迟时间比起无吹气时要小几十个纳秒。     

空气中微细电火花沉积铜合金工艺方法

提出了一种在空气中将工具电极丝黄铜材料沉积到工件上的新工艺方法。实现该方法的基本条件为:(1)工具电极接脉冲电源正极;(2)在空气中放电;(3)窄脉宽配合宽脉间。通过大量实验对微细电火花沉积加工的工艺规律进行了系统深入的研究,得出各主要工艺参数对沉积工艺效果的影响规律。最终以黄铜电极丝为工具电极,在高速钢工件表面上沉积出直径为0.19 mm、高度为7.35 mm的微小圆柱体。利用SEM、能谱分析和X射线衍射及显微硬度测试等方法对沉积物进行分析,得出该沉积物的组织结构、化学成分和硬度等方面的基本性质,为进一步研究三维沉积加工奠定了基础。     

Machining of a film-cooling hole in a single-crystal superalloy by high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling

Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aeroengine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. However, a key structure of a turbine blade, the film-cooling hole,needs to be machined in a single-crystal superalloy; such machining is challenging, especially considering the increasing levels of machining efficiency and quality demanded by the aeroengine industry. Tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling(TSECDD), a hybrid technique of high-speed electrical discharge drilling and electrochemical machining, provides high machining efficiency and accuracy, as well as eliminating the recast layer. In this study, TSECDD is used to machine a film-cooling hole in a nickel-based single-crystal superalloy(DD6). The Taguchi methods of experiment are used to optimise the machining parameters. Experimental results show that TSECDD can effectively drill the film-cooling hole; the optimum parameters that give the best performance are as follows: pulse duration: 12 ls, pulse interval: 30 ls, peak current:6 A, and salt solution conductivity: 3 m S/cm. Finally, a hole is machined by TSECDD, and the results are compared with those obtained by electrical discharge machining. TSECDD is found to be promising for improving the surface quality and eliminating the recast layer.     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

肋角度和出流孔位置对流动特性的影响

针对带肋和双排出流孔通道,研究了肋角度和出流孔位置对流量系数分布和总压系数分布的影响.研究的肋角度为60°,90°和120°.出流孔分别位于相邻两肋之间距前肋1/4肋距、两肋中间、距后肋1/4肋距.研究表明:不同的肋角度和出流孔位置不改变流量系数和总压系数沿流向的分布规律;流量系数随肋角度增大而增大;60°和120°肋通道中总压系数绝对值接近且小于90°肋通道中的绝对值;两肋之间,出流孔位置靠近下游,将使流量系数增大,总压系数绝对值增大.      

毫秒脉冲等离子体激励改善飞翼的气动性能实验

在来流速度为30m/s时,进行了毫秒脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体激励改善飞翼气动性能的风洞实验.等离子体激励器布置在飞翼前缘,峰峰值电压为9.5kV时,放电的脉冲能量在0.1mJ/cm量级.通过六分量测力天平测力研究了脉冲激励频率和占空比对升/阻力系数、升阻比和俯仰力矩系数的作用效果.结果表明:等离子体激励可以有效改善飞翼大攻角气动特性;在最佳无量纲脉冲激励频率F+≈1时,临界失速迎角由14°提高到17°,最大升力系数提高10%;占空比对流动控制效果影响较大,减小占空比可以降低能耗,实验中最佳占空比为5%;俯仰力矩系数的变化表明施加等离子体激励改善了飞翼纵向静稳定性.      

齿位置对压气机级间封严影响的数值研究

通过对压气机级间封严不同齿位置时的流场和温度场进行数值模拟,获得其泄漏特性、旋流特性和风阻温升特性.研究单齿、双齿和三齿的相对位置对级间篦齿封严的流量系数、出口旋转比和风阻温升的影响.结果表明:单齿情况下,单齿在下游时的流量系数最小,出口旋转比和风阻温升最大.双齿情况下,上游和下游各一齿时的流量系数最小.三齿情况下,上、下游和中间各一齿时流量系数最小.出口旋转比和风阻温升都随流量系数的减小而增大.      

火花放电合成射流与超声速来流相互干扰特性数值模拟研究

为了指导火花放电式合成射流激励器在超声速流动控制中的应用,数值模拟研究了火花放电合成射流与超声速来流的相互干扰特性。研究表明火花放电式合成射流在超声速流场中产生强烈扰动,产生较强的激波结构;随着射流的喷出,激励器上游分离区和流场中激波呈先增强后减弱的趋势,激波由弓形激波逐渐弱化为斜激波,并且随着放电能量的增加射流与主流的动量通量比不断增大,射流的干扰和控制能力显著增强。由于超声速流的较大惯性及其对腔内气体的引射作用,激励器的腔体回填速率大幅下降、回填时间明显增长,使得激励器的工作频率受到很大限制。     

基于三维场路协同方法的静电损伤仿真测试平台

静电放电已经逐渐成为导致各类电子设备故障的主要原因之一,在电子产品研制过程中通常采用实物测试方式检验产品抗静电能力,但该方式耗费资金过大、可重复性差同时易损伤受试设备。在这种情况下,建立基于三维场路协同方法的静电损伤仿真测试平台有效地解决了上述问题。该平台以电脑仿真技术（CST）软件为基础,通过构建静电放电枪模块,结合受试设备模块和仿真参数设置模块,以时域有限积分法求解器进行仿真,并利用数据输出和处理模块得出结果。利用建立好的仿真测试平台对一台数据传输设备进行8 kV接触放电,观察其表面电流和磁场分布,并对其造成的传导干扰和辐射干扰进行分析。通过建立静电损伤仿真测试平台,实现了静电放电测试的可重复以及无损伤的目的,具有较强的工程指导意义。