基于动力学递推算法的绳系卫星系统刚柔耦合多体模型

利用动力学递推算法建立了空间绳系卫星系统(TSS)的铰接柔性杆动力学模型.所研究的绳系系统包含两颗刚体绳端卫星和一段连接两颗卫星的柔绳,柔绳离散为一系列球铰连接的弹性杆,考虑杆不均匀的纵向一维形变,并利用球铰的运动模拟柔绳的弯曲和扭转;然后基于递推算法推导得出了该刚柔混合离散模型的动力学方程.数值仿真结果表明:所建立的绳系卫星系统模型能够很好地模拟空间系绳的各向摆振和扭转,此外,递推算法的引入能够有效地减少离散模型动力学方程的维数,从而大幅减少计算量.      

等效原理算法在不同等效面下的误差分析

等效原理算法(EPA)借鉴了区域分解的思想,并基于惠更斯等效原理实现了对大规模散射问题的计算.本文对EPA中的等效原理算子(EPO)进行了误差分析,选取了立方体、球体和进行了光滑处理的立方体等作为等效面寻找误差来源,并提出了误差改进的建议.根据计算结果,等效磁流在等效面上描述的误差一般集中在等效面表面的几何不连续处,且主要受等效面上的法向向量不连续性和基函数的选取的影响.故在选取等效面时应尽量考虑使用平滑的等效面,而不是直接使用立方体等效面.      

基于内模原理的复杂挠性卫星姿态控制研究

首先对具有运动挠性附件的航天器的姿态动力学模型进行了简要讨论和分析,证明了对于受步进扰动的复杂挠性卫星系统,采用输出反馈PD控制仅能得到一致有界稳定的结论。为了获得闭环系统的渐近稳定性能,进一步构造了具有内模补偿的PD控制系统,并且根据Lyapunov理论给出了严格证明。基于美国GOES 8号静止轨道气象卫星公布的动力学参数,对PD控制及含有内模补偿的PD控制两类控制器进行了仿真对比,以校验所设计控制系统的有效性。最后,进行了总结并提出进一步的研究设想。     

Manifold dynamics in the Earth–Moon system via isomorphic mapping with application to spacecraft end-of-life strategies

Recently, manifold dynamics has assumed an increasing relevance for analysis and design of low-energy missions, both in the Earth–Moon system and in alternative multibody environments. With regard to lunar missions, exterior and interior transfers, based on the transit through the regions where the collinear libration points L₁ and L₂ are located, have been studied for a long time and some space missions have already taken advantage of the results of these studies. This paper is focused on the definition and use of a special isomorphic mapping for low-energy mission analysis. A convenient set of cylindrical coordinates is employed to describe the spacecraft dynamics (i.e. position and velocity), in the context of the circular restricted three-body problem, used to model the spacecraft motion in the Earth–Moon system. This isomorphic mapping of trajectories allows the identification and intuitive representation of periodic orbits and of the related invariant manifolds, which correspond to tubes that emanate from the curve associated with the periodic orbit. Heteroclinic connections, i.e. the trajectories that belong to both the stable and the unstable manifolds of two distinct periodic orbits, can be easily detected by means of this representation. This paper illustrates the use of isomorphic mapping for finding (a) periodic orbits, (b) heteroclinic connections between trajectories emanating from two Lyapunov orbits, the first at L₁, and the second at L₂, and (c) heteroclinic connections between trajectories emanating from the Lyapunov orbit at L₁ and from a particular unstable lunar orbit. Heteroclinic trajectories are asymptotic trajectories that travels at zero-propellant cost. In practical situations, a modest delta-v budget is required to perform transfers along the manifolds. This circumstance implies the possibility of performing complex missions, by combining different types of trajectory arcs belonging to the manifolds. This work studies also the possible application of manifold dynamics to defining suitable, convenient end-of-life strategies for spacecraft orbiting the Earth. Seven distinct options are identified, and lead to placing the spacecraft into the final disposal orbit, which is either (a) a lunar capture orbit, (b) a lunar impact trajectory, (c) a stable lunar periodic orbit, or (d) an outer orbit, never approaching the Earth or the Moon. Two remarkable properties that relate the velocity variations with the spacecraft energy are employed for the purpose of identifying the optimal locations, magnitudes, and directions of the velocity impulses needed to perform the seven transfer trajectories. The overall performance of each end-of-life strategy is evaluated in terms of time of flight and propellant budget.     

柔性绳网动力学建模与天地差异性分析

采用有限元模型研究了柔性绳网系统的动力学特性。针对空间绳网直接弹射展开方式,首先将绳网离散为若干单元,各单元处理为非线性“半阻尼弹簧”模型,然后分别计算各单元所受气动力和重力,最终建立绳网系统多柔体动力学模型。基于所建立的动力学模型分别对柔性绳网在地面和太空展开的动力学过程进行了仿真分析,研究了绳网在展开面积、空间位形和飞行距离等方面的天地差异性及其动力学机理,为未来空间绳网系统的分析设计提供理论参考。     

激波引燃冲压发动机一体化流场数值模拟

激波引燃冲压发动机是一种采用爆轰形式组织燃烧的吸气式高超声速飞行器动力系统。采用AUSMPW+迎风格式、氢氧7组分8步基于反应模型,在非结构网格离散域上求解二维多组分化学非平衡流Euler方程。采用发展的数值方法求解了激波引燃冲压发动机内外一体化流场,研究了台阶长度、斜劈尖角度对发动机流场结构和发动机性能参数的影响规律。计算结果表明,所发展的数值方法能用于激波引燃冲压发动机的一体化流场和性能预示计算;台阶长度和斜劈尖角度影响发动机流场结构和预混气体能量释放程度。推力和燃料比冲均随台阶长度的增大而增大,随斜劈尖角度的增大而减少。     

深空探测着陆器数字化设计及着陆性能影响因素

以对称分布四腿悬架式月球着陆器为研究对象,建立了着陆器软着陆过程六自由度动力学模型并改进了月壤摩擦系数模型;在以上动力学模型基础上,以月球着陆器为例编制了着陆器软着陆六自由度动力学分析程序,利用该程序分析了探测器全机月面软着陆性能,重点研究了动力学模型中的月面等效弹性系数、月面摩擦系数和月面倾斜角度等参数对探测器着陆性能的影响。研究表明上述影响因素对着陆器着陆缓冲性能影响显著,通过对以上参数的合理选择可以有效缓解月球探测器月面软着陆的着陆冲击过载。     

可应用于民机空气动力设计中的数值优化方法

目前民机成功设计的一个关键要素即在设计中有效地引入计算流体力学（CFD）的模拟方法和软件,特别是具有设计能力的方法和工具。本文概要地叙述了反设计、基于CFD低可信度和高可信度模型等数值优化方法的发展和应用于民机设计的历史和现状;简单地介绍了即将举行的空气动力优化设计计算系列研讨会;重点讨论了对可应用于民机设计的基于Navier-Stokes方程解算器的OPTIMAS的数值优化方法的要求及其构造方法,并以翼身组合体整流外形和翼身融合体（BWB）外形的算例表明其有效性,说明OPTIMAS可以成为民机日常设计的方法和工具之一。     

Lagrangian analysis of satellite-derived currents: Application to the North Western Mediterranean coastal dynamics

Optimal interpolation methods for improving the reconstruction of coastal dynamics from along-track satellite altimetry measurements have been recently developed over the North Western Mediterranean Sea. Maps of satellite-derived geostrophic current anomalies are generated using these methods, and added to different mean circulation fields in order to obtained absolute geostrophic currents. The resulting fields are then compared to standard AVISO products, and their accuracies are assessed with Lagrangian diagnostics. The trajectories of virtual particle clusters are simulated with a Lagrangian code either with new current fields or with the AVISO ones. The simulated trajectories are then compared to 16 in situ drifter trajectories to evaluate the performance of the different velocity fields. The comparisons show that the new current fields lead to better results than the AVISO one, especially over the shallow continental shelf of the Gulf of Lion. However, despite the use of innovative strategies, some altimetry limitations still persist in the coastal domain, where small scale processes remain sub-sampled by conventional altimetry coverage but will benefit from technological development in the near future. Some of the limitations of the Lagrangian diagnostics presently used are also analyzed, but dedicated studies will be required for future further investigations.     

压电自适应桁架结构主动控制模型及实验

为提高结构对外部环境的抗干扰能力,构造了压电柔性自适应桁架结构,并对其主动控制进行了研究.由传感器、作动器与柔性梁组成压电自适应桁架结构.基于自适应结构的机电耦合理论,在测量位移的情况下,采用改进的二次积分力反馈控制方法研究了空间压电柔性自适应桁架结构的振动主动控制问题.建立了压电柔性自适应桁架结构主动控制实验系统,并对这类自适应结构进行了实时计算机振动主动控制实验研究.实验研究表明柔性自适应桁架结构能够改善结构的动力学特性,对外界的干扰具有良好的自适应性.