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181.
Yan Liu Taoling Xu Jun Liu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
Using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation observations from Formosa Satellite mission-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC) from 2007 to 2012, the climatological characteristics of the global tropopause was studied, with the following features identified. The overall results generally agree with previous studies. The tropopause has an obvious zonal structure, with more zonal characteristics in the Southern Hemisphere than the Northern Hemisphere. The vertical shape of the tropopause is sharp in the tropics and broad in the sub-tropical latitudes, with the sharpest latitudinal gradient in the mid-latitudes of both hemispheres. The global tropopause exists in a large range between 8 km and 17 km (or between 100 hPa and 340 hPa). The highest tropopause is over the South Asian monsoon regions for the entire year. The spatial structure of the tropopause in the polar region is of concentric structure, with an altitude between 7.5 km and 10 km. It is more symmetric in the Antarctic than the Arctic. Differing from other places, the height of the tropopause in the Antarctic is higher in winter as opposed to summer. The tropopause has distinct seasonal variability, especially in polar regions. 相似文献
182.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(10):2360-2371
The Global Positioning System (GPS) variometric approach has emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional well-developed positioning techniques including relative positioning and precise point positioning. Previous studies have demonstrated the capability of the variometric approach to retrieve coseismic displacements at centimeter-level precision, in a real-time manner using only readily available broadcast ephemeris. This study presents the first results comparing the performance of the variometric approach by using a variety of precise satellite orbit and clock products. Totally six kinds of products are included in our evaluation, namely the broadcast, IGS (International GNSS Service) ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed), rapid, final (30-s clock) and CODE (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) final (5-s clock) products. Static and dynamic experiments are conducted using 1-Hz GPS data covering a relatively large area in China during the 2008 Wenchuan MW 7.9 earthquake. After removing the linear trend, the displacements using broadcast, ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed) and rapid products reach nearly equivalent precisions at centimeter level. By using final and CODE final products, the precision of displacements can be significantly improved from 1.9–2.0 cm to 0.4–0.7 cm horizontally, and from 6.0–6.2 cm to 1.0–1.7 cm vertically for the dynamic experiments. The displacements using the CODE final products achieve the best precision, improved by more than 40% compared to those using the IGS final products. With the availability of IGS high-rate real-time precise products, this approach is promising to capture coseismic displacements more precisely in real time, which is crucial for earthquake and tsunami early warning. 相似文献
183.
Murat Durmaz Mahmut Onur Karslioğlu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
In this work Multivariate Adaptive Regression B-Splines (BMARS) is applied to regional spatio-temporal mapping of the Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) using ground based Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. BMARS is a non-parametric regression technique that utilizes compactly supported tensor product B-splines as basis functions, which are automatically obtained from the observations. The algorithm uses a scale-by-scale model building strategy that searches for B-splines at each scale fitting adequately to the data and provides smoother approximations than the original Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS). It is capable to process high dimensional problems with large amounts of data and can easily be parallelized. The real test data is collected from 32 ground based GPS stations located in North America. The results are compared numerically and visually with both the regional VTEC modeling generated via original MARS using piecewise-linear basis functions and another regional VTEC modeling based on B-splines. 相似文献
184.
F. Fund F. Perosanz L. Testut S. Loyer 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
GPS data dedicated to sea surface observation are usually processed using differential techniques. Unfortunately, the precision of resulting kinematic positions is baseline-length dependent. So, high precision sea surface observations using differential GPS techniques are limited to coasts, lakes, and rivers. Recent improvements in GPS satellite products (orbits, clocks, and phase biases) make phase ambiguity fixing at the zero difference level achievable and opens up the observation of the sea surface without geographical constraints. This paper recalls the concept of the Integer Precise Point Positioning technique and discusses the precision of GPS buoy positioning. A sequential version of the GINS software has been implemented to achieve single epoch GPS positioning. We used 1 Hz data from a two week GPS campaign conducted in the Kerguelen Islands. A GPS buoy has been moored close to a radar gauge and 90 m away from a permanent GPS station. This infrastructure offers the opportunity to compare both kinematic Integer Precise Point Positioning and classical differential GPS positioning techniques to in situ radar gauge data. We found that Precise Point Positioning results are not significantly biased with respect to radar gauge data and that horizontal time series are consistent with differential processing at the sub-centimetre precision level. Nevertheless, standard deviations of height time series with respect to radar gauge data are typically [4–5] cm. The dominant driver for noise at this level is attributed to errors in tropospheric estimates which propagate into position solutions. 相似文献
185.
Y. Wu S.G. Jin Z.M. Wang J.B. Liu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
The detection and repair of the cycle slip or gross error is a key step for high precision global positioning system (GPS) carrier phase navigation and positioning due to interruption or unlocking of GPS signal. A number of methods have been developed to detect and repair cycle slips in the last two decades through cycle slip linear combinations of available GPS observations, but such approaches are subject to the changing GPS sampling and complex algorithms. Furthermore, the small cycle slip and gross error cannot be completely repaired or detected if the sampling is quite longer under some special observation conditions, such as Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning. With the development of the GPS modernization or Galileo system with three frequencies signals, it may be able to better detect and repair the cycle slip and gross error in the future. In this paper, the cycle slip and gross error of GPS carrier phase data are detected and repaired by using a new combination of the simulated multi-frequency GPS carrier phase data in different conditions. Results show that various real-time cycle slips are completely repaired with a gross error of up to 0.2 cycles. 相似文献
186.
卫星导航新进展及对民用航空的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近十年来,卫星导航在军事、民用许多方面取得了令人瞩目的成就,美国1998年发表了GPS现代化公告,俄罗斯、欧盟、中国等国家也相继部署或制定了导航卫星计划。本文阐述了卫星导航近年来的新发展,并分析了它们对民用航空的影响。 相似文献
187.
GPS广域增强系统电离层延迟网格修正算法的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
建立了一种广域增强系统地面监测网对电离层延迟的观测数据生成网格修正值算法,并在天津,长春,西安三地通过用双频接收机同时采集的电离层延迟实测数据,对广域增强系统的电离层网格修正法的修正精度进行验证,并与一般用户目前采用的Klobuchar模型修正法进行了比较,结果表明,电离层延迟网格修正法的修正精度普遍大于80%,优于Klobuchar模型修正法,是一种精度较高的电离层实时修正法。 相似文献
188.
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190.
给出了可提高战术弹道导弹射击精度的GPS/SINS组合制导模型。在给出多模Kalman滤波(MKF)数学模型的基础上和建立了可对GPS/SINS组合制导进行在线故障检测,故障了和系统重构的品质控制方案对于系统的重构,提出了鲁棒性处理方法。仿真结果表明:基于MKF的GPS/SINS组合制地与单独捷联惯导相比,可使导弹射击精度和到明显提高,组合地的品质也得到了有效控制。 相似文献