Validation on MERSI/FY-3A precipitable water vapor product

The precipitable water vapor is one of the most active gases in the atmosphere which strongly affects the climate. China's second-generation polar orbit meteorological satellite FY-3A equipped with a Medium Resolution Spectral Imager (MERSI) is able to detect atmospheric water vapor. In this paper, water vapor data from AERONET, radiosonde and MODIS were used to validate the accuracy of the MERSI water vapor product in the different seasons and climatic regions of East Asia. The results show that the values of MERSI water vapor product are relatively lower than that of the other instruments and its accuracy is generally lower. The mean bias (MB) was ?0.8 to ?12.7?mm, the root mean square error (RMSE) was 2.2–17.0?mm, and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) varied from 31.8% to 44.1%. On the spatial variation, the accuracy of MERSI water vapor product in a descending order was from North China, West China, Japan -Korea, East China, to South China, while the seasonal variation of accuracy was the best for winter, followed by spring, then in autumn and the lowest in summer. It was found that the errors of MERSI water vapor product was mainly due to the low accuracy of radiation calibration of the MERSI absorption channel, along with the inaccurate look-up table of apparent reflectance and water vapor within the water vapor retrieved algorithm. In addition, the surface reflectance, the mixed pixels of image cloud, the humidity and temperature of atmospheric vertical profile and the haze were also found to have affected the accuracy of MERSI water vapor product.     

Evaluation of geomagnetic field models using magnetometer measurements for satellite attitude determination system at low earth orbits: Case studies

In this study, different geomagnetic field models are compared in order to study the errors resulting from the representation of magnetic fields that affect the satellite attitude system. For this purpose, we used magnetometer data from two Low Earth Orbit (LEO) spacecraft and the geomagnetic models IGRF-12 (Thébault et al., 2015) and T89 (Tsyganenko, 1989) models to study the differences between the magnetic field components, strength and the angle between the predicted and observed vector magnetic fields. The comparisons were made during geomagnetically active and quiet days to see the effects of the geomagnetic storms and sub-storms on the predicted and observed magnetic fields and angles. The angles, in turn, are used to estimate the spacecraft attitude and hence, the differences between model and observations as well as between two models become important to determine and reduce the errors associated with the models under different space environment conditions. We show that the models differ from the observations even during the geomagnetically quiet times but the associated errors during the geomagnetically active times increase. We find that the T89 model gives closer predictions to the observations, especially during active times and the errors are smaller compared to the IGRF-12 model. The magnitude of the error in the angle under both environmental conditions was found to be less than 1°. For the first time, the geomagnetic models were used to address the effects of the near Earth space environment on the satellite attitude.     

一种基于有限K近邻的强度帕累托进化算法

在航天器控制计算机的软硬件协同设计过程中,需要解决多目标优化问题。当前的强度帕累托进化算法在求解高维多目标优化问题时具有优势,但是在环境选择阶段的计算时间复杂度仍然较大。文章针对这一问题,提出了一种改进算法。新的算法采用有限K近邻方法,减少了原算法中K近邻策略的比较次数,使时间复杂度由O(M3)下降为O(max(l,logM)M2。试验结果表明文中算法的计算速度更快,并且具有更优的收敛性和分布多样性特征。     

基于SPF/DB工艺的某翼类构件内部结构优化分析

采用SPF/DB工艺成形的翼类构件,内部结构不仅影响其力学性能,同时决定SPF/DB工艺的可行性。翼类构件在应用SPF/DB工艺成形过程中,内部夹层扩散焊接焊缝处形成筋条,从而增强结构强度,因此中间夹层扩散焊接筋条分布决定了成形后构件内部结构。本文利用有限元软件ABAQUS6.8对不同内部结构的某翼类构件进行静力学分析及超塑成形的数值模拟,得到既满足强度要求又有利于SPF/DB工艺要求的内部结构。     

A point-wise least squares spectral analysis (LSSA) of the Caspian Sea level fluctuations,using TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 observations

The Caspian Sea has displayed considerable fluctuations in its water level during the past century. Knowledge of such fluctuation is vital for understanding the local hydrological cycles, climate of the region, and construction activities within the sea and along its shorelines. This study established a point-wise satellite altimetry approach to monitor the fluctuations of the Caspian Sea using a complete dataset of TOPEX/Poseidon for the period 1993 to the middle of 2002, and its follow-on Jason-1 for the period 2002 to August 2009. Therefore, 280 virtual time-series were constructed to monitor the fluctuations. The least squares spectral analysis (LSSA) method is, then employed to find the most significant frequencies of the time-series, while the statistical method of principle component analysis (PCA) is applied to extract the dominant variability of level variations. The study also used the observations of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 over the Volga River along with 5 years of Volga’s water discharge to study its influence on the Caspian Sea level changes. The LSSA results indicate that the lunar semidiurnal (M2) and the Sun semidiurnal (S2) frequencies are the main tidal frequencies of the Caspian Sea with the mean amplitude of 4.2 and 2.8 cm, respectively. A statistically significant long-term frequency (12.5-years period) is also found from altimetry and tide gauge observations. A phase lag, related to the inter-annual frequencies of the Volga River was detected from the point-wise time-series showing level propagation from the northwest to the southeast of the sea. The cross-correlation between the power spectrum of Volga and that of the northern-most, middle, and southern-most points within the Caspian Sea were respectively 0.63, 0.51 and 0.4 of zero-lag correlation, corroborating the influence of the Volga River. The result of PCA also shows that different parts of the Caspian Sea exhibit different amplitudes of level variations, indicating that the point-wise approach, when employing all available satellite measurements could be a suitable method for a preliminary monitoring of this inland water resource as it gives accurate local fluctuations.     

星箭锁紧装置黏滞摩擦系数的影响因素研究

星箭锁紧装置是卫星与火箭连接的关键机构。装置中的V形卡块在预紧力施加过程中,易发生偏斜,使得星箭分离配合面接触不均匀,产生应力集中,导致星箭分离面黏着磨损。研究了星箭锁紧装置中的V形卡块和上下端框的铝合金摩擦副在不同影响因素下摩擦系数的变化,探究了温度、正压力以及铝合金表面粗糙度对界面黏着和黏滞摩擦系数的影响。研究结果表明,硫酸阳极化处理的2A14T6-2A14T6比较适合作为摩擦副材料,在加工和锁紧过程中,应合理控制其粗糙度、温度和正压力,以避免黏着磨损。     

200N LOX/MMH推力系统方案论证

论证了200N LOX/MMH动力系统的方案,提出了该系统方案的结构设计参数,并对该结构进行了传热及流场分析。通过传热及流场分析得到：200N LOX/MMH推力系统在方案上是可行的,在满足可靠冷却的前提下比冲达到3170m/s,比目前应用的小姿控动力系统高。     

易于硬件实现的遥感图像两倍压缩算法

结合干涉多光谱遥感图像航天应用的要求,参考CCSDS标准无损压缩算法,提出了一种易于硬件实现的干涉多光谱遥感图像无损／近无损压缩算法。该算法在对12bit干涉多光谱图像进行2倍压缩时压缩性能与JPEG 2000标准算法相当,但算法复杂度和所需存储空间大大降低,在单片FPGA内部即可实现全部压缩功能,可以很好地满足航天应用的要求。     

INS/SAR组合导航参数传递建模及精度分析

 对合成孔径雷达景象匹配辅助（INS/SAR）组合导航中地面合成孔径雷达(SAR)匹配点位置参数向飞行器主惯导中心的传递过程进行研究。分析了SAR匹配点位置传递过程中所涉及的各环节及其相互关系,以此为基础建立了测量参数传递过程数学模型,提出适合该模型的误差分析与精度估计方法,结合理论和实验结果对各测量参数误差所造成的传递误差进行分析和比较,得出单一测量参数误差影响程度的排序,并在此基础上得出总精度的估计值。参数传递模型及精度实验结果与实际情况相符,可为组合导航中合理的精度分配提供依据。     

INS辅助GPS接收机及抗干扰能力的分析

针对高动态或低信噪比条件下GPS卫星信号容易失锁的特点,根据GPS接收机码／载波跟踪环特性,研究分析了惯性导航（INS）辅助GPS接收机原理及其抗干扰能力。在复杂电磁环境下,INS辅助GPS接收机（特别是紧耦合GPS/INS组合模式）是组合导航的发展方向。