电磁阀滑动副的设计参数灵敏度分析与可靠性研究

分析了电磁阀的组成和功能,给出了电磁阀的4个典型任务剖面,并由此分析对阀门可靠性产生重要影响的功能结构。用设计参数灵敏度分析法研究了导致阀芯-壳体滑动副卡死的直接原因,认为问题的核心在于多余物导致摩擦力大幅度增加。因此消除滑动副的疲劳磨损和粘着磨损是提高可靠性的关键。用质量功能配置方法找出了与滑动副相关的零件和结构,在灵敏度分析的基础上建立了结构要素的设计思路和原则,研究了螺管式电磁阀的滑动副结构对空间推进系统的适用性,并给出了滑动副结构要素的加工方法和对应的工序质量控制点。     

考虑未知飞轮摩擦力矩的航天器姿态跟踪鲁棒自适应控制

针对存在未知飞轮摩擦力矩和外干扰力矩情况下的姿态跟踪问题,提出并分析一种鲁棒自适应姿态控制律。姿态控制律采用一种间接处理未知飞轮摩擦力矩和外干扰力矩的方法。该方法并不直接关注未知摩擦力矩和外干扰力矩本身,而是关注其界,并用其进行控制器设计。最后基于Barbalat引理证明所得闭环系统的稳定性,并给出数值仿真结果。仿真结果校验了所提方法的有效性。     

基于递推差分进化算法的空间机器人参数辨识

针对空间机器人抓取未知目标时的特性参数以及关节摩擦系数的辨识和在线修正问题,提出一种基于递推差分进化算法的实时参数辨识方法。首先采用静态连续摩擦模型描述机器人的关节摩擦特性,并建立两关节空间机器人的非线性动力学模型,然后基于差分进化算法和递推最大似然估计法推导出递推差分进化算法,并用于空间机器人的参数辨识,最后仿真校验了该辨识方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,该算法的辨识精度优于遗传算法和最小二乘法,辨识速度较快,能满足遥操作的要求,且对于动态信息有较好的跟随性。     

某空间伸杆机构的摩擦补偿及反步自适应控制

面向某新型大伸展(收拢比)、高载荷(自重比)伸缩式空间伸杆机构的实际应用需求,研究其低速伸展过程中摩擦力矩补偿及其反步自适应控制方法。考虑伸杆伸长量等各种因素引起的摩擦力矩变化,将其等效描述为摩擦变化系数的影响,由此得到LuGre改进模型的摩擦表征。在此基础上,设计基于摩擦力矩补偿的反步自适应控制器,以补偿和抑制模型不确定性和摩擦影响。最后通过仿真校验表明,该方法不依赖精确的动力学模型,能够在保证鲁棒性的前提下有效提高系统控制性能。     

Experimental,analytical and numerical investigation on tensile behavior of twisted fiber yarns

Stitched composite materials are emerging as a promising material due to their high interlaminar strength, combined performance and light weight. The mechanical properties of stitch yarns are very essential for stitched composite structures. In this study, the tensile behaviors of the twisted fiber yarn in stitched composites were investigated experimentally, analytically and numerically. Two kinds of cross-sectional area of twisted yarn are proposed and discussed. The paper presents an intersecting circle model to describe the cross-section of twisted fiber yarns, and a physics-based theoretical model to predict the effective tensile moduli. The numerical models take into account the cross-sectional characteristic and the twist architecture. The investigation shows that: the sum of each fiber area should be used for experimental analysis; and the cross-sectional area surrounded by the yarn profile should be used for theoretical predictions and finite element (FE) simulations. The relative errors of the prediction method and the FE simulation are less than 2% and 1%, respectively. The friction between the fibers is derived, and the effect of friction on mechanical properties is discussed. The investigation method will serve as a fundamental component of twisted fiber bundle/yarn analysis.     

Residual stress determination in friction stir butt welded joints using a digital image correlation-aided slitting technique

This paper presents an incremental cutting method for evaluating the longitudinal residual stresses in a butt welded thin plate via combining the traditional residual stress measurement methods and the advanced optical technique.The proposed approach,which can be called digital image correlation (DIC)-aided slitting technique,introduces a successive extension slot to a speci men and employs the DIC technique to measure the released displacement profiles of the cutting sections after each cutting increment.Then the displacement profiles are used to directly calculate the residual stress distributions up to the slot tip and hence,a stress distribution can be obtained after a cutting increment.Finally,all of the stress distributions are averaged to ultimately determine the original residual stress field.This method does not include any complex experimental operations or tedious derivation,and the resolution of stress variation is greatly improved by the continuous measurement of the released displacements.The presented method has been preliminarily verified by a specimen with residual stress introduced by a four-point bending test.The results show that residual stresses determined by the DIC-aided slitting technique agree well with those from finite element (FE) prediction.The residual stress in a friction stir welded aluminum specimen obtained by the presented technique is also consistent with the evaluations given by X-ray diffraction.Fur thermore,the residual stresses obtained by the DIC-aided slitting technique demonstrate higher accuracy and stability than the evaluations derived by the DIC-aided contour method.     

网络陶瓷增强铝基复合材料的摩擦磨损特性

提出了三维陶瓷网络（骨架）增强金属基复合材料的新构思，设计和制备了一种新型的三维陶瓷网络（骨架）增强铝合金复合材料，研究了其在干摩擦状态下的滑动摩擦磨损行为。结果表明，基体铝合金在重载时产生严重粘着磨损，磨损层发生软化和塑性流动，而复合材料中的陶瓷颗粒暴露于磨损表面并起承载作用，从而保护基体不发生严重磨损，复合材料对磨环的磨损量大于基体合金对磨环的磨损量，但复合材料摩擦副的总摩损量比基体合金摩擦副的小。     

一种平面埋入式进气道的地面工作特性及流态特征

对一种平面埋入式进气道的地面工作特性进行了实验研究, 结合数值仿真技术, 分析了地面工作状态下该类进气道的流态特征, 并探讨了其出口总压图谱的形成成因.结果表明:(1)虽然进气道出口截面的二次流较弱, 但通道内却存在强的以对涡为特征的旋流, 该对涡因埋入式进气道进口侧棱的存在而产生, 与后唇口前缘的气流分离共同导致了进气道出口截面的大面积低总压区;(2)地面工作状态下, 埋入式进气道的总压恢复系数随出口马赫数的上升而下降, 周向畸变指数、紊流度和综合畸变指数则随着出口马赫数的增加而增加.在相同的出口马赫数下, 地面工作状态的总压恢复系数高于飞行状态, 各种畸变指数也明显偏高.但当发动机的进口工作马赫数为0.35左右时, 进气道出口截面的综合畸变指数W小于10.0%, 满足常规发动机的稳定工作要求;(3)计算和实验结果对比表明, 所得到的进气道出口总压恢复系数相对误差在1.2%以内, 但畸变指数整体偏大.      

一种轴承摩擦力矩测试方法及其测试系统

介绍了一种利用磁线圈施矩的轴承摩擦力矩的测试方法，给出了测试系统的组成框图，并对测试中的数据处理作了简要说明