一种新的卫星通信系统中的载波频率同步技术

针对卫星通信中传统载波频偏估计算法精度低的问题,提出一种新的频偏估计方法。该方法首先利用传统方法在解调前端进行初始频偏估计,然后充分利用译码信息对残留频偏进行进一步估计和补偿。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效抑制传统频偏估计方法带来的残留频偏的波动,减少残留频偏对系统性能的影响,提高了系统译码性能,降低了解调门限,在不占用系统频带的同时,提高了系统功率利用率。     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

基于动态RCS的无人机航迹实时规划

传统的无人机航迹规划主要采用仅考虑无人机与雷达距离的简化雷达威胁模型,未充分考虑无人机雷达散射截面RCS(Radar Cross-Section)随自身姿态角改变而产生的动态变化.据此,提出了无人机周向动态RCS模型,并建立了综合考虑无人机动态RCS与雷达距离的探测概率模型,利用遗传算法进行了基于动态RCS的航迹实时规划,计算结果与传统航迹规划结果进行了对比.仿真结果表明该模型的可行性和有效性,能充分利用无人机自身的优势规避威胁,满足无人机的航迹实时规划的要求.      

月球精确软着陆最优标称轨迹在轨制导方法

为实现在月球表面期望的着陆点进行精确软着陆（PPL）,且满足燃耗最优性要求,基于提出的LIDAR目标点在轨自主选定的月球精确软着陆方案,对月球PPL最优标称轨迹在轨快速规划制导方法进行研究。首先针对月球PPL三维球体非线性轨道动力学模型,采用Legendre Gauss Lobatto伪光谱方法将轨迹优化的最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题（NLP）,再利用SQP优化算法求解月球PPL最优标称轨迹,最后通过遗传算法对优化结果进行验证,并提出应用遗传算法提供SQP在轨规划初值数据库的方案。仿真结果表明了最优标称轨迹在轨规划方法的快速性和有效性。     

具有广泛适用性的AOS虚拟信道调度算法

针对现有的基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法的不足,提出了一种新的高级在轨系统虚拟信道动态调度算法。该算法首先估算虚拟信道的紧迫度和数据帧的紧迫度,然后用加权系数将二者结合起来构造成一个全新的虚拟信道传送紧迫度函数,再根据该函数的值进行判决调度。对于高级在轨系统中不同速率、不同性质、不同类型的星上数据源,该算法均可通过选择合适的加权系数灵活地分配传输时隙,保证各用户合理、动态地占用物理信道,满足对数据的传输时延要求,因此具有广泛的适用性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法比基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法具有更好的性能     

Geostationary orbit determination using SATRE

A new strategy of precise orbit determination (POD) for GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellite using SATRE (SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment) is presented. Two observation modes are proposed and different channels of the same instruments are used to construct different observation modes, one mode receiving time signals from their own station and the other mode receiving time signals from each other for two stations called pairs of combined observations. Using data from such a tracking network in China, the results for both modes are compared. The precise orbit determination for the Sino-1 satellite using the data from 6 June 2005 to 13 June 2005 has been carried out in this work. The RMS (Root-Mean-Square) of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the former mode is better than 9.1 cm. The RMS of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the latter mode is better than 4.8 cm, much better than the former mode. Orbital overlapping (3-day orbit solution with 1-day orbit overlap) tests show that the RMS of the orbit difference for the former mode is 0.16 m in the radial direction, 0.53 m in the along-track direction, 0.97 m in the cross-track direction and 1.12 m in the 3-dimension position and the RMS of the orbit difference for the latter mode is 0.36 m in the radial direction, 0.89 m in the along-track direction, 1.18 m in the cross-track direction and 1.52 m in the 3-dimension position, almost the same as the former mode. All the experiments indicate that a meter-level accuracy of orbit determination for geostationary satellite is achievable.     

遗传算法在星座多星接近轨道优化中的应用

以三颗非共轨的Walker星座卫星为研究对象, 对航天器无需变轨与其接近的可能性进行研究. 将Lambert方法得到的航天器轨道作为初始轨道, 利用遗传算法对初始轨道进行优化. 对初始轨道在参考时刻位置和速度的改变量进行编码,形成对应的种群. 以航天器与星座卫星之间的最近距离为适应度函数, 通过种群的繁殖得到优化结果. 结合仿真算例, 分析了最小二乘算法和遗传算法在轨道优化中的优劣以及接近过程中轨道摄动的影响. 结果表明, 遗传算法适用于所提出的轨道改进问题. 研究结果可为单航天器无需变轨对星座多星接近问题提供理论依据.      

Lambert转移中途修正的全局概率最优策略

应用Monte-Carlo法和遗传算法的联合仿真求解Lambert转移中途修正的全局概率最优策略.首先推广限制性三体问题中求解周期性特解的微分修正算法构造出考虑J₂项摄动下的Lambert转移轨道并以此作为参考轨迹,则中途修正策略仅需针对导航误差、初始偏差修正的控制偏差等进行补偿.应用微分修正算法导出的单值矩阵,设计出3类线性和非线性中途修正策略,以适应不同的精度需要.随后应用Monte-Carlo和遗传算法的联合仿真,可以得到实现代价函数(落点误差最小)在概率意义下的最优解.与直接利用优化算法寻优需要已知各种误差量不同,得到的最优修正策略更具有普适性.     

太阳帆航天器行星际轨道转移优化算法

研究基于遗传算法的太阳帆行星际转移轨道的全局优化问题.通过极小值原理推导了太阳帆全局优化控制律,并以太阳帆飞行时间最短为优化目标函数,运用遗传算法对发射时间、到达时间和协态变量初值进行参数优化设计.为了解决轨道转移这一多约束优化问题,在遗传算法中加入动态罚函数.在此理论基础上作了从地球同步轨道出发到火星同步轨道转移和从地球出发与火星交会两个算例,仿真结果表明了该方法在太阳帆转移轨道全局优化中的有效性.     

基于PERT网络的航空弹药保障人员优化配置

针对航空弹药保障效率和可靠性要求高的问题,在分析保障流程的计划评审技术（PERT,Program Evaluation and Review Technique）网络图中各工序对任务完工影响程度的基础上,提取了工序关键度指标和重要度指标以及各方案下的按期完工概率,建立了保障人员配置方案评价指标体系,表示为评价函数形式.以基于蒙特卡洛方法的PERT网络仿真为核心,选择在遗传算法进化寻优框架下构建优化模型,该方法不仅得到了最优的保障人员配置方案,而且评估了需要注重的关键工序.算例实验证实了其有效性与实用性.