Heading control strategy assessment for coaxial compound helicopters

The coaxial compound helicopter has two possible strategies for heading control: collective differential and rudder deflection. A flight dynamics model is developed to assess the effect of different heading control strategies. This includes the trim characteristics, steady flight performance,controllability, and manoeuvrability. The trim study demonstrates that heading control strategies are less influential on trim results, and the steady flight performance is also not significantly affected by the heading control strategy adopted. The controllability analysis shows although heading bandwidth and phase delay results at various speeds with different heading control strategies are all satisfied, the control derivative of the collective differential decreases as speed increases, and its heading aggressive agility is degraded into Level 3 in high-speed flight. In addition, using collective differential would lead to severe heading-rolling coupling as forward speed increases. On the contrary, the control derivative and aggressive agility of the rudder deflection is improved with forward speed, and there is no evidence of heading-rolling coupling. Finally, the transient turn MissionTask-Element(MTE) is utilized to investigate the heading manoeuvre characteristics in different heading control strategies, which indicates that the collective differential would add the amplitude of control input and the power consumption during this MTE.     

Buck-Boost变换器工作模式及控制策略的研究

DC-DC变换器是实现电气系统电能变换和传输的重要设备,具有加速平稳、响应速度快的特点,但在具体使用环境下,变换器负载变化将对其性能造成极大影响。以Buck-Boost DC-DC变换器为例,分析了变换器的工作过程和工作模式,针对完全电感供能模式（CISM）和不完全电感供能模式（IISM）分别提出了对应的控制策略,系统自动判别负载变化情况,实现对输出电压的快速调节,使其始终稳定在期望值。对不同模式下的控制策略进行仿真,结果验证了提出的控制策略能很好地改善Buck-Boost型DC-DC变换器的超调量、调节时间等动态性能。     

基于覆盖圆的太阳同步回归轨道卫星目标轨迹调整方法

遥感卫星星座在环境监测、地理测绘等领域运用中,需要考虑目标轨迹分布的优化问题.轨迹分布与星座的重访能力和进出站间隔保持等应用需求密切相关.目前对星下点轨迹分布的优化和调整还缺乏准确实用的方法,存在卫星数目增多带来的计算量增加问题和对多种需求综合考虑不够的问题.为了克服现有技术的不足,解决太阳同步回归轨道遥感卫星星座的目...     

基于GMF方法的捕风一号风速反演分析

全球尺度高时空分辨率海面风场探测是当前全球气象研究及预报预测领域的关注热点之一,传统海面风场探测技术存在测量区域有限,且受天气环境限制明显等问题.基于全球导航卫星系统-反射(GNSS-R)测量技术风速反演原理,以捕风一号1级数据产品为输入,欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析风速数据为参考风速,采用地球物理模型函数(GMF)方法...     

地磁测量卫星的矢量磁场在轨标定算法仿真

以SWARM为代表的高精度地磁测量卫星对地球磁场探测精度经过标定之后优于0.5 nT,对于开展地磁科学研究具有重要意义。地磁测量卫星通过安装在伸展杆上的矢量磁通门磁强计、标量磁强计和高精度星敏感器,获取测量方向的惯性空间姿态的地磁信息,其中高精度标量磁强计主要用于对磁通门矢量磁强计进行标定。针对地磁测量卫星,研究了矢量磁强计在轨测量误差的校正方法。考虑到矢量磁强计非正交角、标度因子以及偏差的影响,建立磁场矢量线性输出模型;结合标量磁强计的测量值分别设计基于小量近似的线性校正算法和基于参数辨识更新的非线性校正算法;校验两种算法的标定精度,并通过Tukey权重函数改善算法的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,两种算法校正结果相似,磁场三轴误差可校正至0.5 nT以内,在标量磁强计存在异常值时仍具有较好的校正效果。     

基于TLE的Starlink星座第一阶段部署情况分析

近年来,随着卫星技术的快速发展和低轨（low earth orbit,LEO）卫星宽带互联网建设需求的不断增加,低轨大规模星座发展日新月异。针对Starlink星座初始化部署问题,首先论述了“星链”（Starlink）星座现状,分析在轨卫星高度变化。然后利用公开的两行轨道根数（two-line element,TLE）,从卫星发射入轨、轨道面分布两个方面,简要分析了Starlink星座的部署情况,给出升交点的变化规律;同时仿真分析了Starlink星座对地面的覆盖性能。最后,给出星座轨道面和相位分布、故障卫星处置以及可见卫星数量。所分析的结果以期为中国未来部署大规模LEO星座的建设提供借鉴。     

用于卫星入轨段测控的箭载天基测控中继系统

为满足卫星入轨段关键遥测参数下传和遥控指令上传的需求,设计了一种用于卫星入轨段测控的中继系统,方案主要基于火箭现成天基测控终端和卫星现成测控设备。介绍了中继系统的组成、工作原理和工作流程,研究了天基测控相控阵天线波束指向算法,设计了一种卫星遥测、遥控信号中继功能的地面测试系统。该箭载中继系统在快舟一号甲火箭上完成了两次飞行试验验证,两次飞行试验中继转发的卫星遥测数据完整,箭载卫星通信终端接收用户卫星遥测数据的载噪比大于20dB;地面测控中心接收天基遥测返向信号比特信噪比相对接收门限有3dB以上的余量。试验表明,该箭载天基测控中继系统通信链路余量充足,工作可靠,相比通过地面测控资源保障或卫星自身使用天基测控可节省一半以上成本。     

基于BP神经网络的介质表面充电电位反演方法

为了实现全面、实时的在轨卫星充放电风险分析,基于在相同环境下,不同材料表面充电的关联性,利用BP神经网络建立了一种由Kapton材料表面充电电位反演卫星其他常用介质材料表面电位的模型。以Kapton材料的表面电位以及材料厚度为输入,其他介质材料的表面电位作为模型输出,使用COMSOL建立的表面充电模型对神经网络进行训练,将反演误差降低到10%以下,并利用Kapton与Teflon材料表面充电地面试验数据验证反演模型的准确性,结果显示Teflon表面电位的反演值与实测值间的相对误差小于16%。     

Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

国土星成像几何特性的误差分析

本文主要讨论卫星姿态参数误差、轨道参数误差以及地面起伏对国土星卫片几何精度的影响。文中按照比较严格的数学关系,导出了误差计算公式,并给出了典型算例。试验的结果,可作为提出轨道及姿态数据精度要求的依据,也可作为对卫片进行几何处理的基础。