飞机进气道／发动机匹配工作流场测试和分析

在介绍全尺寸飞机进气道／发动机匹配工作流场测试系统的基础上,给出了在发动机前安装飞机前机身后,在南面台架试车时测得的进口压力场数据,计算了进口压力场的畸变指数,分析了流场畸变图谱。     

可压流的龙格-库塔时间步进求解法及其应用

研究了用经典四阶龙格－库塔法计算可压缩流场的可行性,并将其用到了电弧喷射推力器内部等离子体流场的数值求解中。应用情况表明,在结合了局域时间步长、隐式残值光滑加速收敛措施后,本格式能够成功地计算比较复杂的可压缩气体流场以及等离子体流场。有关计算结果揭示了气体流经电弧喷射推力器通道但无电流时形成的纯气动流场以及有电流通过时形成的等离子体流场的丰富的结构和一些重要的影响因素,为研究其过程机制提供了依据。     

超声速电弧喷射器内等离子体流场的数值模拟

对一个以氮气为工作气体、在局域热力学平衡下的超声速电弧喷射器内等离子体流场进行了数值模拟。流动模型是耦合了电磁场的扩展Ｎ－Ｓ方程组。电场由电势方程近似反映,只考虑周向自感应磁场。数值方法中, 空间离散格式为中心差分, 用标量耗散模型抑制数值波动。用以经典四阶龙格－库塔法为基本迭代格式的时间推进方法求解控制方程组。电势的迭代计算采用多重网格加速收敛, 用隐式残值光滑技术改善收敛速度以及时间推进过程的稳定性。计算取得初步的成功： 电弧已经出现并可观察到电弧喷射器内的离解和电离状况以及化学不平衡、粘性等效应对流动过程的影响。     

超临界层流机翼边界层及气动特性分析

高空长航时无人机设计巡航状态的雷诺数较小,黏性边界层对气动特性的影响较大。详细分析了雷诺数对机翼边界层和气动力的影响,用数值方法对超临界层流机翼三维层流-转捩-湍流混合边界层特性进行了研究,分析比较了高空小雷诺数和中空大雷诺数情况下机翼三维边界层的特性,尤其是边界层转捩点位置、表面摩阻和气动特性的雷诺数效应。研究表明雷诺数对于高空无人机机翼边界层厚度、摩擦阻力和升阻比影响较大;对层流机翼的转捩点位置和升力系数影响较小;自然层流机翼技术可以应用于高空无人机设计。     

带高超进气道的隔离段流动特性

用Ma=5.3的风洞实验和数值模拟研究了高超三维侧压式进气道后的了段流动特性，隔离段的长高比为8。实验结果表明，位于进气道喉道的隔离段入口气流参数沿高度有极大变化，造成隔离段内上下的流态显著不同，研究发现，隔离段进出口最大允许压比与正激波压比基本相同，用Waltrup的经验公式作等直隔离段的初步设计是合适的。     

前缘对进气道性能影响的数值模拟

应用质量平均的N-S方程和B-L代数湍流模型，在不同压缩面前缘半径条件下，以高超声速进气道的流场进行了数值模拟，对比研究了进气道压前缘半径对流场结构及性能的影响，在计算过程中，对方程中的对流项采用了空间为二阶精度的TVD格式，扩散项则采用了二阶中心差分离散。     

Separation control on NACA23012 using synthetic jet

A numerical study of separation control has been made to investigate aerodynamic characteristics of NACA23012 airfoil with synthetic jets. Computed results demonstrated that stall characteristics and control surface performance could be substantially improved by resizing separation vortices. The maximum lift was obtained when the separation point coincides with the synthetic jet location and the non-dimensional frequency is about 1. In addition, separation control effect was proportional to the peak velocity of the synthetic jet. It was observed that the actual flow control mechanism and flow structure is fundamentally different depending on the range of synthetic jet frequency. For low frequency range, small vortices due to synthetic jet penetrated to the large leading edge separation vortex, and as a result, the size of the leading edge vortex was remarkably reduced. For high frequency range, however, small vortex did not grow up enough to penetrate into the leading edge separation vortex. Instead, synthetic jet firmly attached the local flow and influenced the circulation of the virtual airfoil shape which is the combined shape of the main airfoil with the separation vortex. As a way to reduce the jet peak velocity, performance of a multi-array synthetic jet was investigated. Moreover, a high frequency multi-location synthetic jet was exploited to efficiently eliminate the unstable flow structure which was observed in low frequency range. Finally, by changing the phase angle in multi-location synthetic jets, highly controlled flow characteristics could be obtained with multi-array/multi-location synthetic jets. This shows efficiency of the current approach in separation control using synthetic jet.     

Numerical investigation of pyrolysis effects on heat transfer characteristics and flow resistance of n-decane under supercritical pressure

Pyrolysis of hydrocarbon fuel plays an important role in the regenerative cooling process. In this article, a Two-Dimensional (2D) numerical model is proposed to investigate the pyrolysis effects on the heat transfer characteristics and flow resistance of n-decane under supercritical pressure. The one-step global pyrolytic reaction mechanism consisting of 19 species is adopted to simulate the pyrolysis process of n-decane. The thermophysical and transport properties of the fluid mixture are computed and incorporated into the numerical model for simulation. Comparisons between the current predictions and the open published experimental data are carried out and good agreement is achieved. In order to better understand the complicated physicochemical process, further investigations on the turbulent flow and heat transfer coupled with pyrolysis in a tube have been performed under various operating conditions. The results indicate that the pyrolysis intensively takes place in the high fluid temperature region. The occurrence of the heat transfer deterioration would lead to increasing n-decane conversion at the beginning of the heated section. It is found that the pyrolysis could improve the heat transfer deterioration and promote the heat transfer enhancement. Meanwhile, pyrolysis gives rise to an abrupt increase of flow resistance. The mechanisms of the physicochemical phenomena are also analyzed in a systematic manner, which would be very helpful in the development of the regenerative cooling technology.     

高超声速边界层流动稳定性实验研究

高超声速条件下边界层转捩相关研究是近年来空气动力学领域的研究热点。通过采用基于纳米粒子示踪平面激光散射(Nano-tracer-based planar laser scattering,NPLS)技术以及温敏漆等测试技术,对高超声速边界层的流动稳定性开展了实验研究。通过NPLS技术,对圆锥边界层中第二模态波精细结构进行了测量,并基于时间相关的测量结果,对第二模态波的波长和频率进行了分析。针对裙锥边界层NPLS结果,计算了特定位置上功率谱空间分布结果,测量得到了高次谐波成分。通过温敏漆和NPLS结果,发现主导三角翼前缘边界层转捩的模态为行进横流模态,分析了该模态的特性,并且与Kulite传感器测量得到的频率进行比较。     

节流通道振动对流动振荡的数值模拟研究

在由于超燃冲压发动机空间狭小,经常通过测量节流结构的压差来反算燃料流量。然而,我们在实验中发现渐缩渐扩结构通道在振动环境中会引起燃料的流动振荡现象,具体体现在喉部两端压差发生周期性变化,导致流量测量出现偏差,甚至会导致传热恶化和结构的损坏。为了了解流动振荡的机制,我们建立了渐缩渐扩通道的三维模型,并通过实验数据进行了验证。本文分析了振动环境下渐缩渐扩通道中流体动力学特性,研究了不同条件下稳定流场和非稳定流场,分析了雷诺数和振动强度对流动振荡的影响。研究表明,管道振动方向和流动方向一致时,导致流动分离区域和主流区域周期性的运动,从而导致流动振荡现象。流体雷诺数、振动强度和振动频率会影响流动分离区域的运动,从而影响到流动振荡。本文解释了振动环境下的渐缩渐扩管道的流动振荡现象,为流量计的设计提够了理论指导。