碳纤维增强点阵夹芯结构的屈曲强度

考虑到点阵芯层的结构形式及杆单元以拉压为主的变形模式,基于连续介质等效理论,提出了一种全新的位移场假设,并以此编写了计算点阵夹芯复合材料屈曲强度的有限元程序.通过与不同试样的压缩试验的比较,对碳纤维增强点阵夹芯结构的屈曲行为进行了分析,并且验证了程序的有效性.同时,采用程序,讨论了点阵参数(包括杆单元长度、半径及倾斜角)对点阵夹芯复合材料结构屈曲强度的影响规律.结果表明:芯层体积分数相同的情况下,金字塔型和四面体型点阵夹芯结构的屈曲强度相差不大,后者略高.所得结论对点阵夹芯复合材料结构设计具有一定的指导意义.      

类乘波体防热壁板气动加热-温度场耦合特性分析

针对类乘波体防热壁板,采用松耦合算法推进气动热和传热迭代计算,研究气动加热-温度场的耦合特性.结果表明:在壁板达到辐射平衡前,冷壁热流和辐射平衡热流与真实气动加热的误差分别达+55.1%和-15.4%以上,必须将气动加热和温度场进行耦合分析;当地绝热壁面温度不随时间变化,表面传热系数是耦合效应的关键参数;采用平均表面传热系数进行瞬态气动加热-温度场耦合计算只进行2次气动加热计算,壁面温度预测误差在2.5%以内,可有效提高气动加热-温度场耦合计算的效率.      

Dynamical evolution of high area-to-mass ratio objects in Molniya orbits

For special demands, some notable orbit types have been developed by human, including the Molniya orbits, which have a relatively high eccentricity up to about 0.7, and a period of 12 h. Considering that space debris with high area-to-mass ratio (A/M) has been discovered, such objects may also exist in Molniya orbits due to spacecraft and upper stages fragmentation events. However, there are not sufficient studies of the complex dynamical phenomena of such orbits. These studies can enrich the knowledge about the long-term evolution of these orbits, be helpful to propose uncatalogued objects observation and identification, and also set the protected region as well as active debris removal. In this paper, the characteristics of 2:1 resonance of Molniya satellite orbits are studied. A large set of numerical simulations, including all the relevant perturbations, is carried out to further investigate the main characteristics, and special attention is payed to the dynamical evolution of objects with high A/M, particularly affected by the direct solar radiation pressure. The long-term dynamical evolution of orbital elements, as well as the dependency of lifetime on the A/M value, is discussed.     

嫦娥二号探测器轨道确定与支持

针对嫦娥二号探测器直接进入地月转移轨道、距月面100km高度捕获月球、完成既定任务后飞往日地第二拉格朗日平动点等飞行轨道方面的新特点,分析了定轨预报策略,利用事后精密轨道,全面评估了关键变轨点定轨预报和变轨后快速定轨的精度,其中,近月制动前3h定轨预报至近月点的位置误差为1km,速度误差为 0.3m/s 。利用不同月球引力场模型进行环月轨道精密定轨,根据实测数据残差分析和精密星历比对的结果,采用SGM100h引力场模型的定轨残差均方根最大。此外,针对嫦娥二号扩展任务,分析了不同测轨条件下的定轨精度,测量数据残差分析结果表明,在扩展任务中途修正前的定轨弧段内,测距、时延和时延率数据的残差分别为5m,5ns和1ps/s。     

基于增量谐波平衡法的流量调节器非线性频率特性

针对多个状态变量、非线性关系复杂、方程刚性强的流量调节器系统,应用增量谐波平衡法研究了调节器在入口压力扰动下的强迫振荡问题,得到了系统周期解的解析表达式。通过与龙格库塔数值仿真结果相比较,验证了增量谐波平衡法应用于该系统的有效性,且计算量相对较小。进而在频域内探讨了流量调节器系统的非线性频响特性,结果表明,随着扰动振幅的增大,幅频响应在整个频率范围上都有所增大。计算结果可以用于评估线性化方法的误差范围。通过分析周期解的时均值与稳态值的差别,揭示了调节器受上游压力周期扰动时,其出口流量的时均值略低于稳态值的非线性特性。     

控制景深提高影像测量仪Z轴测量精度

探讨的是景深大小对于2.5D影像测量仪Z轴测量精度的影响。通过理论数据的推导以及具体实验的设计,告诉测量者要改变焦距和放大倍率来控制景深的大小,从而得到准确测量结果。对二维半测量工作具有显著指导意义。     

月面巡视探测器外场试验方法

首先对以Apollo月球车、MER火星车为代表的国外巡视探测器的研制试验进行调研,对它们的外场试验目的、试验工况的设置、外场选址的技术考虑进行了分析总结,认为外场试验对巡视探测器工作过程、遥操作过程的综合验证具有重要的意义,在实现对巡视探测器移动、导航能力考核的同时,还可以验证地面系统,训练操作人员;然后结合月面巡视探测器的任务特点,对其外场试验的目的和内容、外场选址要求、试验工况等进行研究;最后介绍了外场试验方法及任务规划试验、过夜停靠点试验、短距离移动探测试验、任务过程综合演练等4类试验的结果。     

论互联网对新生代青年农民生活模式演变的影响

从涉及新生代青年农民生活模式的消费生活、政治生活、休闲生活、社交生活等方面着手。阐述互联网在他们中的应用情况,解构了互联网对新生代农民生活方式产生的客观影响,并选取浙江义乌农村青年为调研样本,从上述方面进行数据分析,得出影响较大的和不够的方面,为农村信息化的实施提供了一定的样本参照。     

Hybrid simulations of the O ion escape from Venus: Influence of the solar wind density and the IMF x component

As an initial effort to study the evolution of the Venus atmosphere, the influence of the solar wind density and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) x component (the x-axis points from Venus towards the Sun) on the O⁺ ion escape rate from Venus is investigated using a three-dimensional quasi-neutral hybrid (HYB-Venus) model. The HYB-Venus model is first applied to a case of the high-density (100 cm⁻³) solar wind interaction with Venus selected from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter observations to demonstrate its capability for the study. Two sets of simulations with a wide range of solar wind densities and different IMF x components are then performed. It is found that the O⁺ ion escape rate increases with increasing solar wind density. The O⁺ ion escape rate saturates when the solar wind density becomes high (above 100 cm⁻³). The results also suggest that the IMF x component enhances the O⁺ ion escape rate, given a fixed IMF component perpendicular to the x-axis. Finally, the results imply a higher ion loss rate for early-Venus, when solar conditions were dramatically different.     

高职机电一体化专业课程现状及改革思考

对高职机电一体化专业的人才现状进行阐述,对该专业课程中存在的问题进行分析,指出当前高职机电一体化专业课程改革的关键,并介绍德国学习领域课程方案及思想,提出高职机电一体化专业课程改革的思路。