面向铺放工艺的预浸料剥离仿真与试验验证

为系统建立可表征刚度与黏性的预浸料剥离模型,构建探针、拉伸与剥离相结合的试验验证系统。首先,设计用于预浸料的移动悬臂剥离装置,完成各工艺参数下预浸料黏性和动态刚度的90°剥离试验测定,并建立剥离仿真模型;然后,通过探针试验获取黏性参数,采用内聚力模型定量表征黏性参数;接着,通过拉伸、压缩试验测定预浸料的正交各向异性力学参数,连同探针试验获得的黏性参数一同输入到剥离模型中,在各个工艺参数下黏性和刚度的仿真结果与试验值吻合程度良好;由于仿真与试验揭示剥离脱辊现象会影响剥离力测定值,因此研究脱辊现象及其机理,发现将导辊半径设计在3~7 mm内,可减弱脱辊程度、提高剥离试验的准确性。为系统测定并表征预浸料黏性及刚度、预浸料建模、开展自动铺放仿真等提供了参考。     

The Potential of GOCE in Constraining the Structure of the Crust and Lithosphere from Post-Glacial Rebound

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) due to Pleistocene glaciation and deglaciation has left clear imprints in the present-day geoid. The solid-earth models that are commonly used in simulating these geoid anomalies usually have the upper layer (crust/lithosphere) elastic. While this is a good approximation for oceanic lithosphere, it is over-simplified for many continental crustal areas, of which some are submerged at continental margins. At many places, these continental areas have a lower crustal zone that has low viscosities. Also at the top of the mantle (asthenosphere) such zones with low viscosities can exist. Modeling results show that, due to their shallowness and due to the laterally non-homogeneous water load, these low-viscosity layers induce discernible signatures in the high-harmonic steady-state components of the geoid. These patchlike patterns have typical length scales ranging from about 100 – 1000 km, and typical magnitudes of 1 cm – 1 m, depending on, a.o., depth and width of the low-viscosity zone, viscosity and shoreline geometry. Complications in correlating GIA modeling results with observed geoid anomalies might arise from uncertainties in isostatic corrections (topography and non-uniform composition of crust and lithosphere) and from other non-GIA related contributions to the observered anomalies. The characteristic forms of the patterns might assist in separating the various contributions to the observed geoid anomalies. This can be illustrated for the Adriatic coast of Italy, where the best fit to the spatial sea-level curve pattern is provided by a combination of GIA and regional plate tectonics. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Analysis of the variability of temperature gradient in the ocean frontal zones based on satellite data

AVHRR MCSST data for the periods 1982–2000 (mean weekly data) were used to calculate mean gradient fields in the ocean for different periods of time. Three-month averaged sea surface temperature gradients (SSTG) and their mean seasonal variations have been studied for 25 points in the large-scale oceanic fronts zones. Major oceanic fronts in the Atlantic and Pacific have been identified and compared in literature. In the North Atlantic and Pacific, the areas under study were the North Polar Front and Subpolar Fronts. In the South Atlantic and Pacific we studied the region of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and the fronts formed by this current, known as the South Polar Front, and the Subantarctic Front. SSTG were also calculated for El Niño (Southeast Pacific) and Benguela Current (Southeast Atlantic).     

磁层电场仪前端信号处理电路研究

针对磁层稀薄等离子体环境中的电场测量,设计了一种电场仪前端信号处理电路方案.双探针电场仪通过向等离子体输出驱动电流,测量两探针间的电位差,从而测量空间电场的探测仪器.在磁层稀薄等离子体环境下,等离子体阻抗较高,电场仪探针将工作在较高的工作电压上.若探针电压接近或超过电路耐压值,则可能会影响探测结果,甚至损坏电场仪.本文结合低偏置电流的电压跟随方案和反馈悬浮电源控制方案,解决了稀薄等离子体环境中电场测量的弱电流采样和高动态电位处理问题,并采用低噪声元件和特殊电路设计,控制电路噪声.测试结果显示,本方案可使探针适应±100V的悬浮电位,实现150kHz带宽的电场信号测量,且噪声小于14nV·mHz^-1/2,满足目前空间电场仪测量精度需求.     

铝锂合金氩弧焊与激光焊研究

研究了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｚｒ系国产铝锂合金的焊接性。研究表明，用净化的氩气保护并带拖罩的氩弧焊接铝锂合金，焊接接头及其热影响区表面仅有轻微的氧化色。金相分析表明，焊接接头结合良好，且有相当的机械性能。电子探针微区域分析表明，焊缝与热影响区及母材成分除锂未能分析，其余成分变化甚微，厚度３．５０ｍｍ试样均焊透。用ＹＡＧ激光焊，氩气保护，单面焊能焊透≤０．７０ｍｍ厚的铝锂合金板，而双面焊能焊≤１．５０ｍｍ厚的板，焊件的接头及其热影响区保持原金属光泽，焊缝窄。微区域成分分析表明，焊缝、热影响区与母材几乎无变化。     

差分GPS定向校准方法的研究

提出了一种差分GPS定向校准方法,即利用差分GPS测得固定站和运动站的坐标(WGS-84),应用计算模型求出运动站相对固定站的大地方位角,再与由一等天文点计算给出的大地方位角进行比对。给出了计算模型,试验设备,试验方法和试验数据,验证了思路的正确性和可行性。     

浮栅型单电子存储器的等效电路模型

在介绍浮栅型硅量子点单电子存储器的结构与工作原理的基础上,通过分析建立了相应的集总电容电路模型,计算了存储器在线性、饱和、亚阈值情况下的电流。利用单电子器件的"阈值漂移"特性,可以得到纳米存储器在不同阈值电压下的存储状态。仿真表明,该模型可以准确地模拟存储器的"读"和"写"状态。     

系留悬浮式风力发电技术的研究进展与展望

风力发电作为清洁能源利用的重要方式,具有无污染、可再生、方便采集等特点,近年来得到快速发展。相对于传统低空风力发电,系留悬浮式风力发电具有容量系数高、发电成本低等优点,拥有更大的开发价值和发展潜力,已有多个国家开展研究并取得一定成果。本文通过对系留悬浮式风力发电技术发展的调研,归纳四种系留悬浮式风力发电技术类型,分析各技术类型的工作原理与特点,总结未来系留悬浮式风力发电需要重点突破的轻质高强系留缆绳设计与制造、高性能囊体复合材料、稳定与智能控制、高效风力发电飞行平台总体设计、便利展开部署五种关键技术,为后续研究提供参考。     

Mapping hydrothermal alteration zones and lineaments associated with orogenic gold mineralization using ASTER data: A case study from the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone,Iran

The Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ) is considered as an important region for gold exploration in the western sector of Iran. Its mountainous topography and unpaved routes make its study challenging for researchers and raise the costs for mining companies strating new exploration plans. Gold mineralization mainly occurs as irregular to lenticular sulfide-bearing quartz veins along shear zones in deformed mafic to intermediate metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. In this investigation, ASTER data are used for mapping hydrothermal alteration minerals and to better discriminate geological structural features associated with orogenic gold occurrences in the area. Image transformation techniques such as specialized band ratioing and Principal Component Analysis are used to delineate lithological units and alteration minerals. Supervised classification techniques, namely Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) are applied to detect subtle differences between indicator alteration minerals associated with ground-truth gold locations in the area. The directional filtering technique is applied to help in tracing along the strike the different linear structures. Results demonstrate that the integration of image transformation techniques and supervised classification of ASTER data with fieldwork and geochemical exploration studies has a great efficiency in targeting new prospects of gold mineralization in the SSZ. The approach used in this research provides a fast, cost-efficient means to start a comprehensive geological and geochemical exploration programs in the study area and elsewhere in similar regions.     

近距平行跑道配对进近方式的安全区域

为了提高我国近距平行跑道的运行效率,对配对进近方式的安全区域进行研究.根据配对过程中快机和慢机的相对运动关系和速度特征,将配对进近分为快机不可超越慢机和快机超越慢机两种方式.将慢机作为参考量,分析快机的相对运动状态,定性地给出两种配对方式的安全区域范围.在此基础上,考虑慢机错误地闯入快机航向道,建立防撞安全边界计算模型;考虑配对前机在最大不利侧风影响下的尾流对后机的影响,建立尾流安全边界模型.利用虹桥机场的相关数据,采用C类航空器B737-800,D类航空器B747-400作为配对进近的两架飞机,对模型进行验证.结果表明:该方法可以实现实时定量地计算两种配对方式下的安全区域范围.