单轴台的大角度姿态快速机动联合控制方法

为验证小卫星大角度姿态快速机动与高精度稳定控制能力,基于单轴气浮台硬件仿真环境,提出了一种利用推力器与飞轮组合的联合控制策略.采用相平面控制技术与有限时间控制理论设计控制器,利用推力器实现无超调的快速机动控制,利用飞轮实现有限时间内的高精度稳定控制,使单轴台在有限时间内快速高精度稳定于目标姿态.物理仿真结果表明:该方法在有限时间内完成单轴台快速稳定控制的同时,可有效避免机动过程中的超调现象,且能有效规避推力器的频繁开关与飞轮的过快饱和等问题.     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.     

Real time localization of gamma ray bursts with INTEGRAL

The INTEGRAL satellite has been successfully launched in October 2002 and has recently started its operational phase. The INTEGRAL burst alert system (IBAS) will distribute in real time the coordinates of the gamma ray bursts (GRBs) detected with INTEGRAL. After a brief introduction on the INTEGRAL instruments, we describe the main IBAS characteristics and report on the initial results. During the initial performance and verification phase of the INTEGRAL mission, which lasted about two months, two GRBs have been localized with accuracy of 2–4 arcmin. These observations have allowed us to validate the IBAS software, which is now expected to provide quick (few seconds delay) and precise (few arcmin) localization for 10–15 GRBs per year.     

梁式构件动力学响应分析的集总参数方法

详尽阐述了一种适用于梁式构件动力学响应分析的集总参数方法——有限段方法。采用有限段方法建立柔性梁式构件的离散模型,基于Ｋａｎｅ方程的Ｈｕｓｔｏｎ方法建立柔性多体系统动力学方程。该方程计入了梁式构件的几何非线性变形的惯性影响,在求解过程中,引入了相对位移的模态变换以提高计算效率。通过典型实验验证了有限段方法可以解决具有几何非线性变形的柔性梁式构件的多体系统动力学问题。     

IGS电离层产品在双向时间频率传递中的应用

利用IGS组织提供的全球电离层资料对卫星双向时间频率传递中的电离层误差进行修正。IGS提供特定时刻、固定经纬度网格点上的电离层总电子含量。对该电离层资料首先进行空间四点网格内插,然后利用双线性内插得到电离层穿刺点所需时刻的总电子含量,最后将得到电离层数据经过处理用于双向时间频率传递修正。结果表明：电离层对C波段的影响在（0～0.5）ns范围内,这对亚纳秒量级的时间比对是必须考虑的。IGS提供的电离层产品适合应用于双向时间频率传递,具有方法简单、准确度高和价格低廉等特点。     

预估Fuzzy-PID在中央空调控制系统中的应用

电加热常作为中央空调的末端设备置于被调节房间风道入口处,微调加热以提高温度控制精度,为此提出一种电加热温度控制方法,采用预估Fuzzy-PID复合控制算法,通过对加热功率的调节进行闭环控制,实现控制点温度的稳定控制.新的控制算法结合了smith预估控制、Fuzzy和PID控制器的优点.在MATLAB环境中仿真预估Fuzzy-PID控制中央空调末端电加热,结果表明该控制方法能提高温度稳定性并降低能耗,控制精度达到±0.1℃.该控制方法同样适用于其它含有电加热元件的场合.      

球铰接杆式支撑臂构型参数分析

论述了球铰接杆式支撑臂的组成和主要构型参数。利用有限元分析软件建立了球铰接杆式支撑臂有限元模型,进行了模态分析并与试验结果进行了对比,验证了模型的正确性;分析了单元段跨距、套筒半径、横向框架边数和斜拉索预紧力对支撑臂性能的影响。结果表明单元段跨距的增加有利于支撑臂总体性能的提升,而套筒半径和横向框架边数的增加能提高支撑臂刚度但同时增加了系统总质量。斜拉索预紧力应从最小允许预紧力和球铰取得最大刚度值时对应的预紧力中选取较大值。分析结果为支撑臂的工程设计提供了依据。     

原子时自动测量及数据采集系统

介绍了普通的时间实验室的时频测量,实现自动测量和数据收集的基本系统方案,并以上海天文台原子时实验室为例介绍了实际可行的自动测量和数据收集系统,这个系统高性能、低价格,可应用于国内几乎所有的时间实验室。     

超声速进气道可压及不可压流动数值模拟

采用Chio-Merkle预处理矩阵对可压NS(Navier-Stokes)方程组进行时间预处理,分析了预处理方法的物理和数学背景.用有限体积方法,结合LU-SGS(Lower-Upper-Symmetric-Gauss-Seidel)隐式时间积分和AUSM+(P)(Precondition Advection Upstream Splitting Method)格式、中心差分2种空间离散格式,求解该预处理NS方程组.通过圆弧凸包流动和二维方腔顶盖驱动流动的数值试验表明,该方法克服了传统时间迭代方法模拟低速流动时的刚性问题,加速了收敛过程,可以同时有效地模拟可压及不可压流动.用此方法与块结构化网格技术相结合,进行了在不同飞行马赫数、攻角和出口反压条件下,混压式轴对称超声速进气道三维流场数值模拟.计算结果表明:该方法能准确地捕获复杂激波系,清楚地揭示进气道三维流动现象;进气道性能随工作条件的变化规律,与理论分析一致.