基于神经网络的加速度计静态误差系数标定

利用具有强自学习性、自适应能力及非线性变换特性的神经网络方法，构造加速度计静态函数型神经网络模型，并用于对加速度计静态误差系数的标定。试验证明，利用该方法标定的系数结果具有高精度性，可较好地满足加速度计误差补偿的要求。     

Unbiased acceleration measurements with an electrostatic accelerometer on a rotating platform

The Gravity Advanced Package is an instrument composed of an electrostatic accelerometer called MicroSTAR and a rotating platform called Bias Rejection System. It aims at measuring with no bias the non-gravitational acceleration of a spacecraft. It is envisioned to be embarked on an interplanetary spacecraft as a tool to test the laws of gravitation.     

Free fall tests of the accelerometers of the MICROSCOPE mission

The MICROSCOPE mission is fully dedicated to the in-orbit test of the Universality of free fall, the so-called Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP), with an expected accuracy better than 10⁻¹⁵. The test principle consists in comparing the accelerations of two proof masses of different composition in the Earth gravitational field. The payload embarks two pairs of test-masses made of Platinum Rhodium and Titanium alloys at the core of two dedicated coaxial electrostatic accelerometers. These instruments are under qualification for a launch in 2016.     

Impact of a novel hybrid accelerometer on satellite gravimetry performance

The state-of-the-art electrostatic accelerometers (EA) used for the retrieval of non-gravitational forces acting on a satellite constitute a core component of every dedicated gravity field mission. However, due to their difficult-to-control thermal drift in the low observation frequencies, they are also one of the most limiting factors of the achievable performance of gravity recovery. Recently, a hybrid accelerometer consisting of a regular EA and a novel cold atom interferometer (CAI) that features a time-invariant observation stability and constantly recalibrates the EA has been developed in order to remedy this major drawback. In this paper we aim to assess the value of the hybrid accelerometer for gravity field retrieval in the context of GRACE-type and Bender-type missions by means of numerical closed-loop simulations where possible noise specifications of the novel instrument are considered and different components of the Earth’s gravity field signal are added subsequently. It is shown that the quality of the gravity field solutions is mainly dependent on the CAI’s measurement accuracy. While a low CAI performance (10^?8 to 10^?9?m/s²/Hz^1/2) does not lead to any gains compared to a stand-alone EA, a sufficiently high one (10^?11?m/s²/Hz^1/2) may improve the retrieval performance by over one order of magnitude. We also show that improvements which are limited to low-frequency observations may even propagate into high spherical harmonic degrees. Further, the accelerometer performance seems to play a less prominent role if the overall observation geometry is improved as it is the case for a Bender-type mission. The impact of the accelerometer measurements diminishes further when temporal variations of the gravity field are introduced, pointing out the need for proper de-aliasing techniques. An additional study reveals that the hybrid accelerometer is – contrary to a stand-alone EA – widely unaffected by scale factor instabilities.     

静电悬浮微加速度计高灵敏度电容检测通道设计

高灵敏度电容式位移检测是实现静电悬浮微加速度计闭环测控的关键技术之一.针对微加速度计径向悬浮检测的特点及指标要求,设计了高灵敏度、高精度电容式微位移检测通道.该通道主要由前置RC隔离网络与C/V转换、高共模抑制比差动放大器、二级运放、二阶压控电压源有源带通滤波、相敏解调(含模拟乘法器与四阶Butterworth低通滤波...     

随机振动校准加速度计方法研究

介绍了随机振动校准加速度计系统的实现.使用随机信号传感器绝对校准方法,得到了较为理想的加速度计频响曲线.与传统的方法相比在保证校准精度的前提下,提高了效率.     

静电悬浮加速度计的地面测试与评定方法综述

本综述将静电悬浮加速度计性能指标项目归为五类,阐述了它们与需求的关系,强调了采样率为10SPS、相应的闭环传递函数带宽为3Hz的必要性。指出实验室标定会受到环境振动噪声的干扰,通常的标定方法均不适用,静态标定的首要困难在于准确测定失准角;用专用摆台作动态标定可以大致判断标度因数并观察两台加速度计模型方程各参数的一致性;为了在专用摆台上进行各项性能测试,加速度计检验质量需要在地面重力下悬浮;落塔试验的功用有限,并非加速度计性能指标的量化评定试验;射前检验加速度计噪声采用分析证实的方法,为了降低噪声,必须依靠详尽的理论分析和实验验证,一一找出各种影响因素及其影响程度,采取有力措施,切实加以改进。
     

重力梯度传感器结构误差建模

机械精度设计在重力梯度传感器的结构设计过程中占有举足轻重的地位,因为结构误差对重力梯度仪输出结果的精度有很大影响。为此,采用建立数学模型的方法,根据测量原理分析加速度计输入输出关系,对理论输出结果和含有结构误差时的实际输出结果求差,得到结构误差方程。为保证重力梯度仪的测量精度,对主要结构误差方程中信号与结构误差的耦合项进行逐项分析,则可给出在不影响精度条件下,推导安装极限误差,为提出重力梯度传感器的结构所必须达到的机械精度以及载体平台稳定性的设计要求打下基础。     

石英挠性加速度计的电阻尼设计

石英挠性加速度计在低气压环境下使用时, 可能因为漏气而出现失效问 题,分析了加速度计表头在真空状态下会出现的振荡现象,提出了可以在系统内增加电 阻尼环节来应对该问题,电阻尼环节由加速度计伺服电路中增加的内环路来实现,内环 路中的微分环节可以等效为系统的阻尼项。进而通过计算机模拟仿真和具体硬件实现后 的动态比较测试,验证了电阻尼设计的可行性,证明该方法确实能够有效提高仪表的可 靠性。     

静电悬浮加速度计伺服控制分析

根据广义相对论原理选定的坐标系参照物为理想情况下在轨道上自由飘浮的卫星, 据此讨论静电悬浮加速度计检验质量块的运动和电极笼的运动, 得到检验质量在电极内运动的动力学方程, 证明以往相关文献提供的公式存在明显缺陷; 在此基础上分析了伺服控制电路, 给出了电阻尼系数、闭环自然谐振的角频率(或称为加速度计的基础角频率)、受静电负刚度等非受控刚度制约的角频率、来自于静电悬浮的加速度、检验质量的相对位移等一系列表达式, 从而提出必须有足够的增益以提供适度的闭环自然谐振角频率. 给出了位置噪声引起的加速度噪声表达式, 证明当伺服回路的增益足够大时, 在悬浮频带内检验质量的相对位移几乎为零.