一个基于故障树模型的诊断系统

提出一种基于故障树模型的诊断方法，并基于该方法实现了一个验证性的诊断系统。基于故障树的层次诊断模型，提出了确定性推理方法和可能性推理方法及面向故障树的基于框架和广义规则的混合知识表示方法。最后在ＣＯＭ－ＰＡＱ４８６微机上，Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下，用ｂｏｒｌａｎｄＣ＋＋实现了该诊断系统，并通过对一个电路系统实验台的诊断验证了方法的有效性。     

一种整体式天然气压缩机气阀故障诊断技术研究CSCD

整体式天然气压缩机在石油化工领域广泛应用,压缩机的正常工作对安全生产具有重要意义。为了有效诊断整体式压缩机气阀部件的故障,采用了Daubechies小波基函数对ZTY470型整体式天然气压缩机气阀振动信号的分解重构原理,详细介绍了以振动信号的能量为故障特征的故障诊断过程。对气阀阀片断裂和弹簧断裂的故障振动信号进行了小波包分析,并与正常工作时的信号进行了对比。实验表明该方法能准确的进行故障诊断和故障定位,证明了对整体式天然气压缩机气阀故障诊断的有效性。     

Multi-mode diagnosis of a gas turbine engine using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy system

Gas Turbine Engines (GTEs) are vastly used for generation of mechanical power in a wide range of applications from airplane propulsion systems to stationary power plants. The gas-path components of a GTE are exposed to harsh operating and ambient conditions, leading to several degradation mechanisms. Because GTE components are mostly inaccessible for direct measurements and their degradation levels must be inferred from the measurements of accessible parameters, it is a challenge to acquire reliable information on the degradation conditions of the parts in different fault modes. In this work, a data-driven fault detection and degradation estimation scheme is developed for GTE diagnostics based on an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). To verify the performance and accuracy of the developed diagnostic framework on GTE data, an ensemble of measurable gas path parameters has been generated by a high-fidelity GTE model under (a) diverse ambient conditions and control settings, (b) every possible combination of degradation symptoms, and (c) a broad range of signal to noise ratios. The results prove the competency of the developed framework in fault diagnostics and reveal the sensitivity of diagnostic results to measurement noise for different degradation symptoms.     

Simultaneous state and actuator fault estimation for satellite attitude control systems

In this paper, a new nonlinear augmented observer is proposed and applied to satellite attitude control systems. The observer can estimate system state and actuator fault simultaneously. It can enhance the performances of rapidly-varying faults estimation. Only original system matrices are adopted in the parameter design. The considered faults can be unbounded, and the proposed augmented observer can estimate a large class of faults. Systems without disturbances and the fault whose finite times derivatives are zero piecewise are initially considered, followed by a discussion of a general situation where the system is subject to disturbances and the finite times derivatives of the faults are not null but bounded. For the considered nonlinear system, convergence conditions of the observer are provided and the stability analysis is performed using Lyapunov direct method. Then a feasible algorithm is explored to compute the observer parameters using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by considering an example of a closed-loop satellite attitude control system. The simulation results show satisfactory perfor-mance in estimating states and actuator faults. It also shows that multiple faults can be estimated successfully.     

基于二叉树支持向量机的装备故障诊断研究

本文提出了一种基于二叉树支持向量机的某型装备故障诊断方法,应用该方法构造了多故障分类器,并通过某型装备故障实例验证了该方法故障诊断结果的正确性,证明了该故障诊断方法具有良好的鲁棒性和推广性。     

故障树分析在某APU进气门故障诊断中的应用

首先介绍了故障树分析方法的概念和原理,然后以某辅助动力装置（APU）进气门组件为例．在对系统故障现象进行分析判断的基础上,按照任务和功能关系,建立包含各功能单元的故障树模型。随后求得系统的最小割集,并计算出底事件的重要度,并以此为依据,从大到小排序,确定故障诊断的最优程序。实验结果表明,所用方法具有较强的故障诊断能力,能进行准确的故障定位,并能给出相应的故障处理措施,为该辅助动力装置故障诊断的发展提供了较为实用的参考价值。     

液体火箭发动机高速涡轮泵的振动故障检测

讨论了涡轮泵故障的几个主要原因，据此提取涡轮泵振动数据的特征，用BP神经网络的方法进行故障检测。BP神经网络的训练样本集由一个具有无监督聚类功能的神经网络从原始的特征向量集获取。     

液体火箭发动机故障特性动态模拟

以某大型泵压式供应系统液体火箭发动机为研究对象, 建立了液体火箭发动机非线性动态数学模型。针对已发生过或可能出现的故障形式, 以阶跃形式输入, 进行了故障状态下动态特性模拟。数值方法用四阶定步长龙格-库塔方法发展而成的自适应变步长龙格-库塔法。计算结果表明, 所建模型较精确合理, 数值方法满足故障模拟的要求。该工作为故障模式提取、监控参数优化选择、基于模型的故障检测与诊断等发动机健康监控问题的研究奠定了基础。      

基于人工噪声神经网络BP算法的火箭发动机故障仿真与检测

研究了用于液体火箭发动机故障仿真与故障检测的神经网络ＢＰ算法。在ＢＰ算法中采用了加噪声等技术来避免系统误差陷入局部极小，训练出精度高（误差小于０．０２）的神经网络，试验表明：神经网络ＢＰ算法成功地用于故障仿真与故障检测。     

基于模型的液体推进系统故障诊断算法

给出串联双涡轮结构以泵作为供应系统的液体火箭发动机系统故障仿真的准动态数学方法和基于灰色关联度分析的实时诊断算法。该算法对于调整计算确定的具体系统和预先设定的典型故障模式进行仿真计算、事先形成该发动机系统的故障模式样本集。试车时, 利用诊断算法对采集的发动机性能参数进行实时分析, 从而给出发动机所处的健康状况, 以便及时采取措施, 提高发动机的安全性和可靠性。