基于数字滤波的B-样条插值法在图像旋转中的应用

提出一种基于无限脉冲响应和有限脉冲响应数字滤波技术的快速 B-样条插值法 ,并将其应用于实时图像旋转处理中。为了优化旋转后的图像质量 ,本文采用 3次 B-样条对图像旋转后的像素点灰度值进行插值运算。另外 ,通过对传统图像旋转矩阵的分解 ,将图像在二维空间中的旋转运算分解成为三步在一维空间内平移运算 ,使插值运算在一维空间中完成 ,从而简化了图像旋转数据处理中的插值运算。最后 ,还提出了一种以硬件方法完成高阶图像插值运算实现图像旋转的新方法 ,并针对 2 5 6灰度级 ,2 5 6× 2 5 6像素的图像 ,设计出一个以 FPGA为核心的实时、高质量的硬件图像旋转系统。     

符合CCSDS标准的RS(255,223)码译码器的FPGA实现及其性能测试

RS（Reed-Solomon)码是差错控制领域中一种性能优异的非二进制分组循环码，由于它具有很强的随机错误和突发错误的纠错能力，被CCSDS，NASA，ESA等空间组织接受，广泛应用于深空探测中．本文采用改进的Berlekamp算法，用FPGA实现了符合CCSDS标准的RS(255，223)码译码器；介绍了该译码器的实现流程、性能测试方法和基于PCI总线接口的测试平台；给出了测试结果，并且对理论上RS(255，223)译码器的误码性能与实际测试的误码率结果进行了比较和分析．验证结果证明该译码器能工作在400Mbps以上的码率，使用FPGA资源180000门，译码效果与理论上译码效果一致．     

线阵CCD平场校正及FPGA实现的研究

为了消除由于照明光源的非均匀性、镜头渐晕及CCD传感器噪声对图像质量造成的不良影响,首先从理论上分析了线阵CCD固定模式噪声和像素光电响应非均匀性的数学模型和产生的原因;对像素光电响应非均匀性这一主要影响因素,根据其光电响应模型提出了CCD像素光电响应非均匀性的两点校正方法,即求解出各个像素光电响应不均匀性的校正因子和暗偏置量系数,进而用以计算各个像素的校正量,实现逐点校正;针对校正算法大数据量、实时计算的要求,设计了基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列FPGA快速实现校正算法的硬件处理结构。最后,通过仿真和实验表明,两点校正方法可以有效地减小CCD像素光电响应不均匀性的图像噪声,提高图像质量,以便做后续精确处理。     

基于FPGA的高准确度数字频率信号源设计

介绍了直接数字频率合成技术的实现方法,分析了其优越的技术特性。根据其特性,利用FPGA设计了高准确度的数字频率信号源。仿真结果表明,与传统的信号源相比,使用该方法实现的信号源,其信号种类多,准确度高,满足测试设备数字化、软件化的趋势。     

快速预热型铷原子振荡器的研制

介绍了一种快速预热型铷原子振荡器的设计方法和试验数据 ,3 5min的锁定时间、0 4 5L的小巧体积和良好的频率重现性能 ,非常适合于战术应用。     

FPGA设计中的亚稳态问题及其预防方法研究

由于在复杂FPGA（Field Programmable Gate Array,现场可编程门阵列）设计中存在跨时钟域,通常会产生亚稳态现象.为有效地预防和解决该问题,分析FPGA设计中亚稳态的产生机理及其对数字信号处理系统的影响.根据不同的信号同步类型,针对单比特电平信号、脉冲信号和边沿信号,分别给出基于触发器级联的跨时钟域信号同步方法;针对并行信号,提出基于异步FIFO （First In First Out,先进先出队列）和握手协议的跨时钟域同步方法;并通过仿真手段分析信号同步方法的有效性及其适用范围.结果表明：这些方法能够正确有效地完成跨时钟域信号同步,预防可能出现的亚稳态问题,从而提高复杂FPGA设计的可靠性和稳定性.     

Real-time object tracking via least squares transformation in spatial and Fourier domains for unmanned aerial vehicles

This paper addresses the problem of real-time object tracking for unmanned aerial vehicles. We consider the task of object tracking as a classification problem. Training a good classifier always needs a huge number of samples, which is always time-consuming and not suitable for realtime applications. In this paper, we transform the large-scale least-squares problem in the spatial domain to a series of small-scale least-squares problems with constraints in the Fourier domain using the correlation filter technique. Then, this problem is efficiently solved by two stages. In the first stage, a fast method based on recursive least squares is used to solve the correlation filter problem without constraints in the Fourier domain. In the second stage, a weight matrix is constructed to prune the solution attained in the first stage to approach the constraints in the spatial domain. Then, the pruned classifier is used for tracking. To evaluate proposed tracker's performance, comprehensive experiments are conducted on challenging aerial sequences in the UAV123 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed approach achieves a state-ofthe-art tracking performance in aerial sequences and operates at a mean speed of beyond 40 frames/s. For further analysis of proposed tracker's robustness, extensive experiments are also performed on recent benchmarks OTB50, OTB100, and VOT2016.     

一种兼容GPS和BD系统的跟踪环路相干积分方法

在城市、峡谷等复杂环境下,卫星导航信号衰减严重,接收机导航定位性能变差,甚至不能工作,给国民生产生活带来诸多不便.提高接收机弱信号的跟踪能力,研究高性能的卫星导航接收机具有重要的意义和价值.在研究分析GPS、北斗D1导航电文的调制方式和相干积分方法的基础上,构建了一种改进直方图的位同步方法,该方法借鉴直方图的思想,通过设定比特跳变的统计门限上限和多组门限下限找到比特跳变边沿.在此基础上设计实现了一种长时间相干积分方法,该方法兼容GPS电文和北斗D1导航电文,可以有效地消除导航电文跳变或者NH码跳变带来的比特翻转.最后,在FPGA平台验证了该方法可以有效提高信号信噪比,以及接收机在弱信号环境下的跟踪能力.     

Real-time mosaicking for infrared videos from an oblique sweeping camera

Image mosaicking is widely used in Geographic Information Systems (GISs) for large-scale ground surface analysis. However, most existing mosaicking methods can only be used in offline processing due to the enormous amounts of computation. In this paper, we propose a novel and practical algorithm for real-time infrared video mosaicking. To achieve this, a novel fast template matching algorithm based on Sum of Cosine Differences (SCD) is proposed to coarsely match the sequential images. The high speed of the proposed template matching algorithm is obtained by computing correlation with Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). We also propose a novel fast Least Squares Matching (LSM) algorithm for inter-frame fine registration, which can significantly reduce the computation without degrading the matching accuracy. In addition, the proposed fast LSM can effectively adapt for noise degradation and geometric distortion. Based on the proposed fast template matching algorithm and fine registration algorithm, we develop a practical real-time mosaicking approach which can produce seamless mosaic image highly efficiently. Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is not just computationally efficient but also robust against various noise distortions.     

基于CDKF的快速协方差交叉融合跟踪算法研究

随着目标抗干扰能力的增强,单一寻的制导方式很难完成对目标的稳定跟踪和精确打击,需采用多种探测器作为传感器,提供多种观测数据以实现对目标的稳定跟踪和精确打击。建立了适当的目标运动模型和观测模型,利用中心差分卡尔曼滤波（CDKF）变换处理模型的非线性问题,避免了求解复杂的雅克比矩阵。对于分布式多传感器融合,传统的方法多采用协方差交叉（CI）融合方法,但是这类方法需要寻优求解。而快速协方差交叉（FCI）则不需要进行寻优过程,且计算量小。在此基础上,提出了用于多传感器目标跟踪的CDKF-FCI融合算法。最后,对算法进行了仿真分析,并进一步验证了提出算法的有效性。