火星卫星的冻结轨道研究

冻结轨道是一种稳定的轨道,地球、火星、月球的卫星因引力场的南北不对称,都存在冻结轨道.由于主星体引力场的不同,它们卫星的冻结轨道也有不同的特性.地球卫星的冻结执道的偏心率非常小,对卫星遥感非常有利,国内外已有相当多的近地遥感卫星采用这种轨道.月球卫星的冻结轨道偏心率随轨道倾角的不同有很大的变化,对月球卫星冻结轨道的研究...     

论当前大学图书馆的使命

论述了在当前形势下,中国大学图书馆应重新诠释其使命，即从支持教学改革，支持科学研究，参加大学信息基础建设，保障学生信息平等方面支持高等教育的发展，以及应在支持个人的学习方面发挥自己不可替代的作用。     

Ocean Tides in GRACE Monthly Averaged Gravity Fields

The GRACE mission will map the Earth's gravity fields and its variations with unprecedented accuracy during its 5-year lifetime. Unless ocean tide signals and their load upon the solid earth are removed from the GRACE data, their long period aliases obscure more subtle climate signals which GRACE aims at. In this analysis the results of Knudsen and Andersen (2002) have been verified using actual post-launch orbit parameter of the GRACE mission. The current ocean tide models are not accurate enough to correct GRACE data at harmonic degrees lower than 47. The accumulated tidal errors may affect the GRACE data up to harmonic degree 60. A study of the revised alias frequencies confirm that the ocean tide errors will not cancel in the GRACE monthly averaged temporal gravity fields. The S₂ and the K₂ terms have alias frequencies much longer than 30 days, so they remain almost unreduced in the monthly averages. Those results have been verified using a simulated 30 days GRACE orbit. The results show that the magnitudes of the monthly averaged values are slightly higher than the previous values. This may be caused by insufficient sampling to fully resolve and reduce the tidal signals at short wavelengths and close to the poles. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

多约束多星快响巡察任务规划方法

多星快响巡察任务是指多个目标卫星出现不明状况,巡察服务平台在短时间内进行轨道转移,携带多个子航天器对目标进行飞越巡察。对于该问题的任务规划,首先基于共面机动给出了平台调相策略并建立了满足光照和机动能力等约束的巡察窗口筛选计算模型;其次提出了一种贪婪搜索和多轮规划的方法,用于确定任务分配方案和巡察次序;最后在高精度轨道模型下验证了方法的有效性并将该方法与混合编码遗传算法进行了对比。在算例中,该方法的优化效果稍优于混合编码遗传算法,而且求解效率是后者的约227倍,表明贪婪搜索和多轮规划方法更适用该问题的高效求解。     

ESO-based event-triggered attitude control of spacecraft with unknown actuator faults

An event-triggered control strategy based on extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for the attitude tracking problem of small plug-and-play spacecraft with uncertain inertia parameters, external disturbances, and actuator faults. A simplified controller is developed based on the angular velocity and the general disturbances estimated by the provided ESO using the information of the system inputs and the angular velocities. In the designed event-triggered sampling mechanism, a state-dependent event-triggered strategy determines the triggering instant of the controller to reduce the frequency of information transmission between the controller and the actuator. In comparison with the previous literature, this paper considers uncertain inertia parameters, external disturbances, and actuator faults as general disturbances estimated by ESO, especially for the actuator faults. The inputs of ESO are the error of the angular velocities, which can simplify the controller design. Moreover, the designed ESO can effectively attenuate the influence of measured noises generated by the gyroscopes. The proposed event-triggered policy balances the performance of event-triggering and the control stability performance, which reduces the final state convergence regions without increasing more triggering times compared to existing studies. Furthermore, the investigated policy achieves Zeno-free triggering. Numerical simulations verify theoretical results.     

任务计划地面站编队数据加载方法研究

随着航空电子系统不断发展,任务计划地面站作为航电系统的一个场站保障设备,为飞行前数据的组织、任务数据加载、飞行后记录数据的管理传输和视频/音频的回放提供了一种快速、准确、规范和安全的技术手段。为适应航空电子系统多机编队任务参数地面加载需求,确保多个任务计划中加载数据的准确性,降低用户对编队内几架甚至十几架飞机制作任务参数的难度,本文提出了合理有效的编队数据加载方案,给用户的使用带来了极大的方便。     

Characteristics and accuracies of the GRACE inter-satellite pointing

For almost 10 years, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) has provided information about the Earth gravity field with unprecedented accuracy. Efforts are ongoing to approach the GRACE baseline accuracy as there still remains an order of magnitude between the present error level of the gravity field solutions and the GRACE baseline. At the current level of accuracy, thorough investigation of sensor related effects is necessary as they are one of the potential contributors to the error budget. In the science mode operations, the twin satellites are kept precisely pointed with their KBR antennas towards each other. It is the task of the onboard attitude and orbit control system (AOCS) to keep the satellites in the required formation. We analyzed long time series of the inter-satellite pointing variations as they reflect the AOCS performance and characteristics. We present significant systematic effects in the inter-satellite pointing and discuss their possible sources. Prominent features are especially related to the magnetic torquer characteristics, star cameras’ performance and KBR antenna calibration parameters. The relation between the magnetic torquer attitude control and the Earth magnetic field, impact of the different performance of the two star camera heads on the attitude control and the features due to uncertainties in the calibration parameters relating the star camera frame to K-frame are discussed in detail. Proper understanding of these effects will help to reduce their impact on the science data and subsequently increase the accuracy of the gravity field solutions. Moreover, understanding the complexity of the onboard system is essential not only for increasing the accuracy of the GRACE data but also for the development of the future gravity field satellite missions.     

基于虚拟样机的多星分离仿真分析

在一箭多星发射任务中,卫星分离仿真分析较为复杂,分离后卫星的运动状态受多因素共同影响,包括弹簧弹力、爆炸螺栓冲击力、电连接器拔脱力、航天器质量特性、初始运动参数等,采用传统数值计算的方法难以求解。虚拟样机技术能够有效解决上述问题,通过虚拟样机技术完成卫星分离仿真分析,通过人为设置偏差及干扰,模拟偏差及故障模式下卫星分离过程,评估碰撞等危险发生的可能性。结果表明,系统偏差对分离结果的影响量可通过仿真来评估,在风险较大情况下需要采取弹簧筛选等措施;另外,电分离插头机械拔脱力作用时间短,造成的干扰一般情况下不会影响分离安全。     

高超声速飞行器指令滤波反演控制

针对含有不确定扰动项的吸气式高超声速飞行器纵向非线性模型,提出了一种基于指令滤波器的反演控制方法。将飞行器动力学模型划分为航迹角子系统和速度子系统并表示为严格反馈形式,采用动态逆方法设计反演控制中每步的虚拟控制量,并对指令滤波过程中产生的误差进行补偿。利用指令滤波器获取虚拟控制量的一阶导数,解决了反演控制方法中的“微分项膨胀”问题,同时引入虚拟控制量和实际控制量的幅值、速率和带宽约束。采用扩展状态观测器(ESO)对模型中的不确定项进行估计和补偿,保证闭环系统在存在参数不确定和外部扰动的情况下仍具有良好的控制性能。仿真结果表明,在飞行器总体参数和气动参数存在偏差的情况下,该方案能够实现对速度和航迹角参考信号的稳定跟踪。     

军用运输机运输效能指标

给出了运输任务类型和运输效能定义,从效果与耗费两方面着手建立了运输效能指标体系,将运输效能归纳为安全性、质量或体积、距离、准确性、时间、场地、人员、设备及费用等9种因素,在确立各个因素运输效能单项指标的基础上提出了一种运输效能综合指标,以四种典型运输任务为例,建立了常用的运输效能指标。