污染土壤原位生物修复技术进展

原位生物修复在治理污染土壤中的作用日益突出，因而对于原住生物修复的研究愈加受到重视。文中针对原位生物修复的发展情况分别就生物修复实例和实验室研究进展进行了综述。     

环境专业教学体系结构改革探索——以就业市场需求为导向

通过对西安航专2006与2007年环境监测与治理技术专业毕业生就业情况的对比分析，认为目前环境类专业的就业形势发生良性转变，需求范围增加，同时就业单位对毕业生的专业技术能力、技术管理能力等也提出了更高的要求。据此，我们从专业发展方向、课程体系结构以及实验实训三个方面进行建设与调整来满足就业单位的需求。     

Ⅰ型极值分布的环境因子

本文通过对Ⅰ型极值分布的理论分析和环境因子的二因子法，分别得到了Ⅰ型极大值分布和Ⅰ型极小值分布的环境因子，它们与正态分布的环境因子^[1]具有相同的形式，对Ⅰ型极值分布的环境因子进行了点估计，提出了用环境因子进行数据转换和综合的步骤。     

Application of improved active disturbance rejection control algorithm in tilt quad rotor

The Tilt Quad Rotor (TQR) has complex dynamics characteristics, especially in conversion mode. It is difficult to build the dynamic model of the TQR and the environmental factors have a great influence on it. To solve the problem of control in conversion mode of TQR, this paper carries out the design of the controller based on improved Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC). According to the characteristics of flight in conversion mode, Tracking Differentiator (TD) with explicit model is used to solve the problem of multiple integrals when the system is high-order system. Extended State Observer (ESO) with Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network is used to estimate and compensate for internal and external uncertainties, and the adaptive sliding mode control in Nonlinear State Error Feedback (NLSEF) is used to improve the response speed of the controller and reduce the parameters which should be tuned. Through the flight control simulation of the TQR, the validity and rationality of the control system are verified.     

基于干扰观测器的天基观测航天器姿态控制设计

与地基空间目标监视系统相比,天基观测系统具有监视范围广,不受国界限制,观测精度高等优点,是未来空间目标观测技术的重要发展方向。但天基观测航天器工作时,相机转台的运动,太阳能帆板挠性部件的弹性振动与航天器的姿态运动相互影响,构成强耦合的非线性系统,传统的控制方案无法实现对这类天基观测航天器的高精度姿态控制。文章针对某一空间观测航天器的任务要求,设计了基于干扰观测器的前馈补偿航天器姿态控制系统,仿真实验结果表明:姿态角控制精度小于 0.06°,姿态角速度精度小于 0.03(°)/s,达到了精度要求。     

基于干扰观测器的四旋翼无人机离散时间容错控制

为了飞行控制方案便于在计算机上实现，针对具有外部干扰和执行器加性故障的四旋翼无人机（UAV）角度运动方程，给出一种基于干扰观测器的离散时间跟踪控制方案。通过设计离散时间干扰观测器抑制外部干扰和执行器故障的不利影响，并结合干扰观测器设计离散时间控制器。通过数值仿真验证了基于干扰观测器的离散时间容错控制方案的有效性。仿真结果表明，设计的离散控制器能够保证外部干扰和执行器故障综合作用下的四旋翼UAV系统跟踪控制性能。     

Effects of TADs on the F region of the mid-latitude ionosphere during an intense geomagnetic storm

Based on observations of two ionosondes at Wuhan and Kokubunji, this paper presents effects of TADs on the daytime mid-latitude ionosphere during the intense geomagnetic storm on March 31, 2001. During a positive ionospheric storm, the start of the enhancement of the foF2 (F2 peak plasma frequency) at Wuhan lags that at Kokubunji by 15 min, which corresponds to the time interval of traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs’) propagation from Kokubunji to Wuhan. Associated with the uplifting of the hmF2 (height of F2 peak) caused by TADs, it is observed by the two ionosondes that the F1 cusp becomes better developed. Therefore, during a geomagnetic storm, TADs originating from the auroral oval may have a strong influence on the shape of the electron density profile in the F1 region ionosphere at middle latitudes. It is highly likely that TADs are responsible for the evolution of the F1 cusp.     

遥感卫星扰振对TDICCD相机图像影响的仿真与分析

随着传输型遥感卫星结构的扩大化及灵活性的增强,对图像品质产生影响的扰振越来越受到重视。当遥感卫星在轨进行成像时,相机的图像品质会由于星上活动部件的运动的影响而下降。文章从调制传递函数（Modulation Transfen Function,MTF）角度出发,对不同工况下太阳翼转动驱动机构（BAPTA）和动量轮对图像品质的影响进行了仿真和评估。同时,针对高分辨率相机成像品质影响,从动力学仿真方面对星体扰振的幅值和频率进行了有限元分析,确定了扰振源的频率和幅值。最后,根据仿真分析结果,提出了星上扰振控制方案建议。     

现代民机新型灭火剂性能研究

对新型灭火剂研究背景和种类进行了简要介绍,对具有开发潜力的新型灭火剂的理化性能、毒性、腐蚀性、灭火性能、环保性能进行深入分析与研究。通过对新型灭火剂性能的研究,得出每种灭火剂的优缺点,筛选出适用于现代民机灭火系统的灭火剂。     

Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS)

Early warning systems represent an innovative and effective approach to mitigate the risk associated with natural hazards. Early warning technologies are now available for almost all natural hazards and systems are already in operation in all parts of the world. Nevertheless, recent disasters such as the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 and Katrina hurricane in 2005, highlighted inadequacies in early warning technologies.

Efforts towards the development of a global warning system are necessary for turning the tide in early warning processes and technologies. There is a pressing need for a globally comprehensive early warning system based on existing systems. The global system should be a mechanism which can consolidate scientific information and evidences, package this knowledge in a form usable to international and national decision makers and actively disseminate this information to those users.

The proposed Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS) will provide information emanating from monitoring, Earth observing and early warning systems to users in a near-real-time mode and bridge the gap between the scientific community and policy makers. Characteristics and operational aspects of such a service, GEAS, are discussed.