战场电磁频谱监测与管理

在信息化条件下,战场电磁环境已经越来越复杂.简要叙述了战场电磁环境与频谱管理的关系,从作战指挥需要出发,提出了战场电磁环境管理系统的设计原则以及应满足的具体要求.     

GPS伪随机码畸变的建模与分析

建立了全球卫星定位系统(GPS)卫星C/A码畸变数学模型,推导了畸变后的C/A码的相关函数,在Matlab软件中进行仿真。结果表明:该模型能合理解释SVN19卫星的测距码畸变故障,并可作为未来伪随机信号畸变的一个合理模型,为导航信号的完好性监测提供理论支持。     

A physics-based framework for online surface roughness assessment for high-pressure turbines

Surface roughness is a critical health parameter of a turbine blade due to its implications on blade surface heat transfer and structural integrity. This paper proposes a physics-based online framework for Gas Turbine Engines (GTE), in order to assess the blade surface roughness in a high-pressure turbine without engine shutdown. The framework consolidates Gas Path Analysis (GPA) based performance monitoring models and meanline turbomachinery analysis, using a novel GPA-meanline matching process. This extracts meaningful performance deviation trends from GPA, while addressing the uncertainties associated with the measurements and modelling. To relate efficiency loss to surface roughness severity, a meanline-based system-identification process has been developed to establish the meanline representation of the turbine stage, and to incorporate the empirical surface roughness loss correlations. The roughness loss correlations have been evaluated against recent transonic test data in the literature. A modification to the compressibility correction factor has been made according to the evaluation outcome, which improved loss predictions compared to the experimental measurements. The framework was tested on the three-year operational data of a cogeneration GTE, and the results verified the framework's potential for online surface roughness monitoring. The predicted surface roughness showed agreement in both trend and the magnitude-level with the measurements reported in the literature.     

多舱段载人航天器氧分压控制仿真分析

为确保乘员安全性,载人航天器需通过氧分压控制系统将密封舱内的氧分压控制在指标范围内.提出了一种两舱段载人航天器密封舱氧分压控制系统数学模型,包括密封舱体、乘员、供氧组件、舱间通风(IMV)等多个子模块.通过与相关试验数据进行对比,证明了数学模型的准确性.针对由两个容积为60 m3密封舱组成的组合体,利用该模型分析了乘员驻留位置、舱间通风量、氧分压监测模式对两舱氧分压的影响.结果表明:当舱间通风量为0.5 m3/min 且6人驻留在氧分压非主控舱时,两舱氧分压上限差别达到2.2 kPa.两舱氧分压差别会随着舱间通风量的增加而减小.单舱监测模式和两舱监测模式对两舱氧分压影响并不显著,当舱间通风量超过1.5 m3/min时,两种控制模式的氧分压控制效果趋于一致.      

基于粒子滤波和似然比的接收机自主完好性监测算法

由于粒子滤波算法在处理非线性系统非高斯噪声问题具有较大的优势,提出将粒子滤波算法与对数似然比方法有机结合应用于接收机自主完好性监测(Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring,RAIM)中。通过粒子滤波算法对状态进行精确估计,利用对数似然比建立一致性检验统计量进行故障检测。在建立全量累加对数似然比和部分累加对数似然比检验统计值的基础上,通过比较系统各状态累加对数似然比和检测阈值之间的关系,进而对卫星故障进行检测。对算法进行了数学建模,描述了RAIM算法流程。通过实测数据对提出的RAIM算法进行验证,结果表明:粒子滤波在非高斯测量噪声情况下可以对GPS接收机状态进行精确的估计,利用对数似然比建立的一致性检验统计量能有效地检测并隔离故障卫星,验证了该算法应用于接收机自主完好性监测的可行性和有效性。     

Moment-tensor inversion and decomposition for cracks in thin plates

The knowledge of crack type and dislocation orientation is helpful for the lifetime prediction of thin plates on aircrafts. The moment-tensor inversion utilizes the Acoustic Emission (AE) signals to detect cracks and the source mechanisms can be interpreted by the decomposition of moment tensors. Since the traditional moment-tensor inversion is implemented for the AE sources inside infinite elastic bodies, the inversion needs to be modified for the cracks in thin plates. In this study, the moment tensors of cracks in thin plates are derived and the inversion equation is provided based on the Green's function of second kind. A method of modifying the moment tensors to adapt to the existing decomposition processes and source-type plots is provided. By employing the Finite Element Method (FEM), the wave fields generated by the AE sources are computed. The AE sources continuously changing from pure tensile type (Model I) to shear type (Model II) are achieved in the FE models and the moment tensors are recovered. By the comparison between the reference values and recovered solutions, the source type can be accurately identified in the source-type plot and the applicability of the moment-tensor inversion for cracks in thin plates is confirmed.     

大涵道比涡扇发动机涡轮监视温度容错解析

提出了对大涵道比涡扇发动机涡轮监视温度的容错解析方法,以避免由于涡轮监视温度传感器故障造成的发动机控制降级,或未检测到故障导致发动机超温.解析方法包含两种:一种是基于涡轮排气总温的解析方法作为主解析方法;另一种是基于空气流量模型的解析方法作为余度解析方法,用于在主解析温度与测量温度差异较大时进行比较取真.使用发动机试车数据进行了方法验证,结果显示:主解析方法的稳态计算误差不超过0.33%;余度解析方法的稳态计算误差不超过0.8%.这表明两种解析方法都是有效的,可以用于发动机容错控制.      

基于物理原型的结构疲劳寿命评估方法

结构所受的真实载荷历程是实现疲劳寿命监控的核心。本文面向结构疲劳寿命在线监测提出了一种基于物理原型的疲劳载荷的反演和寿命评估方法。通过对潜在疲劳危险部位附近的应变场监测,依据结构疲劳危险部位的物理原型,反演结构所受外载荷;然后按照结构疲劳寿命分析方法获得结构的疲劳寿命。完成了一个耳片疲劳寿命在线监测试验,结果表明了本方法的可行性和有效性。     

声发射在微铣削过程中监测刀具破损的应用

应用声发射传感器对微铣削过程中的刀具状态进行监测。通过结合传声器传感器,利用小波分析,声发射传感器能更精确有效地监测刀具破损的现象。分别在几种不同的工件材料进行了声发射监测实验。通过该声发射监测刀具破损技术采集得到信号,再利用小波分析对实验数据分析。结果表明,在微铣削中利用声发射信号来监控刀具状态的可行性。     

Operation and Application of A, B Satellites for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting

Environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting small satellite constellation A and B satellites (HJ-1-A, B) are called "environment and disaster reduction satellites A and B' for short. The constellation adopts a 10:30 LT sun-synchronous circular orbit, with orbit altitude of 649 km. HJ-1-A and HJ-1-B are distributed with a phase difference of 180o in the same orbital plane, so as to enhance the time resolution of earth observation. The satellites have orbit maintenance capability, the lifetime is 3 years. Both satellites adopt CAST968 platforms. Two wide-coverage multispectral CCD cameras with resolution 30 m and width 700 km, a super-spectral imager with resolution 100 m and width 50 km as well as a data transmission subsystem of 120 Mbit/s are deployed on HJ-1-A, which also carries Ka communication testing equipment of Thailand. HJ-1-B has two wide-coverage multispectral CCD cameras (the same as satellite A), one infrared camera with resolution 150 m and width 720 km and a data transmission subsystem of 60 Mbit/s. The coverage period of the wide-coverage multispectral CCD camera is 48 hours. The revisit period of super-spectral imager is 96 hours and the coverage period of infrared camera is 96 hours.