叶片数对微型斜流叶轮性能的影响

采用计算流体力学软件NAPA对叶片数不同的跨声微型斜流叶轮流场、性能进行了模拟,研究表明随着叶片数的增加,叶片载荷减小,叶背分离减小,叶片通道内流动改善,但叶片进口低压区域占叶片通道的比例增大,当叶片数增加到一定程度时主叶片不能全程加载.随叶片数的增加叶轮工作特性曲线左移的同时先上移后下移,通过与常规离心压气机最佳叶片数研究结果的对比表明,低雷诺数、微尺度效应及叶片占通道比例大使所研究微型斜流压气机的最佳叶片数略低于已有经验.      

一种平面埋入式进气道气动特性的试验

 针对一种平面埋入式进气道开展了高速吹风试验研究,获得了沿程静压分布、出口总压恢复图谱、基本气动性能和压力脉动特性。结果表明：沿程静压分布曲线显示,气流绕前唇口流动是先膨胀加速后减速扩压,进入内通道后上壁面静压均高于下壁面;巡航状态Ma₀=0.7,α=2°,β=0°时,进气道总压恢复系数σ=0.951,综合畸变指数W=3.55%,具有较高的性能;当Ma₀=0.6~0.8,α₀=-4°~6°,β=0°~4°范围内,σ在0.912~0.964之间,综合畸变指数在2.68%~7.43%之间,表明该平面埋入式进气道能够在较宽广的飞行包线内以较高的性能安全工作;脉动压力分析表明,出口总压脉动频谱均呈现出白噪声特征,无明显窄带信号出现,这对进气道/发动机匹配工作是有利的。     

多层快速多极子算法的改进措施

 为精确求解散射问题,采用混合场积分方程（CFIE）、多层快速多极子算法（MLFMA）和共轭梯度算法（CG）的收敛技术。基于传统多层快速多级子算法,详细研究了二维拉格朗日插值节点数对计算精度的影响,并改进了插值方法,在不同的层采用不同的插值节点数;提出了在不同的层采用不同的精度控制来计算多级子模式数;分析了稀疏矩阵的对称性对内存使用的影响以及磁场积分方程对迭代初始值的选择。数值计算结果表明以上改进可较大幅度地提高计算精度和计算效率,同时降低内存使用,可满足复杂目标电磁散射计算要求。     

柔性翼微型飞行器气动特性的实验研究

 柔性翼有望提高微型飞行器(MAV)的抗风能力。为进一步了解柔性翼的气动性能,建立MAV数学模型,并为飞行仿真和飞行控制设计做准备,在低雷诺数风洞中对柔性翼微型飞行器进行了风洞试验,同时采用翼型、机翼平面形状和尺寸大小均相同的刚性翼进行了风洞对比试验。对比结果表明：柔性翼相比于对应的刚性翼,失速迎角较大;柔性翼的最大升力系数较大,但是柔性翼的变形在提高升力的同时也增大了阻力,升阻比的情况较为复杂;在较低雷诺数情况下,柔性翼的纵向静稳定性略优于刚性翼;柔性翼的长周期和短周期模态的衰减特性和阻尼特性略优于刚性翼。     

先进飞机电气远程终端采样算法

针对先进飞机远程终端采样技术,对电压/电流(400Hz)采样点数和精度关系进行了讨论,由于工程采样中数字积分法的开方计算有效值对实时性有很大影响,给出了全新的不带根号的采样有效值算法,精度要求高的场合又在该算法的基础上设计了迭代算子.     

高超声速可变形双翼气动特性

为研究高超声速可变形双翼在不同迎角和不同马赫数条件下的气动特性,并针对在给定的迎角和马赫数条件下可变形双翼的舵面偏转角选取困难的问题,通过结合二分法、遗传算法和高斯牛顿算法对处于不同迎角和不同马赫数条件下的可变形双翼的舵面偏转角进行了选取确定,分析了可变形双翼的气动特性和舵面偏转角对其气动特性产生影响的机理。研究表明:当来流马赫数为5,迎角从1°~8°变化时,可变形双翼的升阻比明显大于Busemann双翼的升阻比,最大可达4.2倍;当迎角为3°,来流马赫数从0.5~5变化时,可变形双翼的升阻比最大可达Busemann双翼升阻比的3.4倍。结果表明可变形双翼在大迎角和大速度范围内均能保持高升阻比,在高超声速飞行中将具有更好的应用价值和前景。     

Effect of Coriolis and centrifugal forces on flow and heat transfer at high rotation number and high density ratio in non orthogonally internal cooling channel

Numerical predictions of three-dimensional flow and heat transfer are performed for a two-pass square channel with 45° staggered ribs in non-orthogonally mode-rotation using the second moment closure model. At Reynolds number of 25,000, the rotation numbers studied were 0,0.24, 0.35 and 1.00. The density ratios were 0.13, 0.23 and 0.50. The results show that at high buoyancy parameter and high rotation number with a low density ratio, the flow in the first passage is governed by the secondary flow induced by the rotation whereas the secondary flow induced by the skewed ribs was almost distorted. As a result the heat transfer rate is enhanced on both co-trailing and co-leading sides compared to low and medium rotation number. In contrast, for the second passage, the rotation slightly reduces the heat transfer rate on co-leading side at high rotation number with a low density ratio and degrades it significantly on both co-trailing and co-leading sides at high buoyancy parameter compared to the stationary, low and medium rotation numbers. The numerical results are in fair agreement with available experimental data in the bend region and the second passage, while in the first passage were overestimated at low and medium rotation numbers.     

Angular velocity determination of spinning solar sails using only a sun sensor

The direction of the sun is the easiest and most reliable observation vector for a solar sail running in deep space exploration. This paper presents a new method using only raw measurements of the sun direction vector to estimate angular velocity for a spinning solar sail. In cases with a con-stant spin angular velocity, the estimation equation is formed based on the kinematic model for the apparent motion of the sun direction vector;the least-squares solution is then easily calculated. A performance criterion is defined and used to analyze estimation accuracy. In cases with a variable spin angular velocity, the estimation equation is developed based on the kinematic model for the apparent motion of the sun direction vector and the attitude dynamics equation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can quickly yield high-precision angular velocity estimates that are insensitive to certain measurement noises and modeling errors.     

多霍尔器件提高飞轮转速测量精度的研究

对飞轮使用的霍尔器件与转速测量精度之间的关系进行分析,提出了一种基于增加霍尔器件提高飞轮转速测量精度的方法,并根据该方法确定了多霍尔器件安装布局的设计原则和公式。     

均值,方差模型在证券投资组合中的运用

本文阐述了在证券投资组合中应用均值、方差模型的基本原理，给出有效果曲线形态，最后给出了在同等风险下取得最大收益的证券组合形成的求法。