地球同步卫星充/放电对电子设备的危害及其防护措施

本文简要地介绍了国外对同步卫星充/放电现象开展的下述几方面研究工作:1.有关充/放电现象的试验工作;2.充/放电对电子设备的损伤;3.为减轻损伤而采取的防护措施;4.地面模拟试验。供从事这方面工作的同志参考。     

Confinement characteristic of primary electrons with the variation of channel width in the discharge chamber of annular ion thruster

In this paper, the confinement characteristic of primary electrons in the non-axisymmetric discharge chamber of annular ion thruster is investigated by a three-dimensional (3D) non-self-consistent particle tracking model with Monte Carlo Collision (MCC) method. The results show that: The density of primary electrons upstream of ion optics on cathode axis is about 5–50 times higher than that of the other side, which means that the density of primary electrons is obviously non-axisymmetric. The channel width has a significant effect on the average density and uniformity of primary electrons. The average density can be increased by nearly 1.5 times under the appropriate channel width, meanwhile, the variance of density distribution can be reduced by more than 2 times. This is because that increasing the channel width can improve the average confinement length of primary electrons greatly. Furthermore, there is an infection point in the increase of primary electron average confinement length with the channel width, which caused by the significant change of magnetic field structure. Under the case after the inflection point, primary electron mainly (more than 50%) moves to the channel center, which makes the average confinement length of primary electrons and their number in the discharge chamber increase largely.     

DSP在电动伺服加载系统中的应用

研究了以TMS320F2812 DSP为核心的电动加载系统的设计。介绍了加载系统的总体构成,设计了DSP的最小系统,详细分析了在此基础上的主要外围电路设计,并在软件上给予了实现,同时提出了系统的抗干扰措施,结果证实满足加载的性能要求,从而给出了电动伺服加载系统的一种控制方案。     

场强标准和EMS测试装置

本文简述了TEM小室的用途、结构设计及主要性能的测试方法。TEM小室不仅能作电磁场标准,而且能作EMC测试设备,它的工作频率范围为5kHz～300MHz。所产生的最大场强为300V/m。所提供的横电磁波的大小由输入功率或输入电压计算。文章还介绍了为降低输入端驻波比所采取的一些措施,给出了性能测试结果,并用广义方和根法分析了系统的不确定度。     

用蒙特卡罗方法研究卫星内部带电问题

由高能电子引起的卫星内部带电，是危害地球同步轨道卫星主要的空间环境效应之一．内部带电的物理机制和相应的卫星设计规范研究，近年来受到国际空间界的高度重视．本文用蒙特卡罗方法，通过模拟高能电子对电介质轰击后在介质中产生电荷沉积，计算了轰击后电介质内部最大电场强度，并进而分析了电介质内部电场与电子能量、屏蔽厚度及介质厚度的关系．该结果对卫星设计有重要参考价值．     

真空计电参数检定装置

真空计电参数检定装置可以用来检定真空计电参数检定仪和各种热阴极电离真空计、热偶真空计的电参数。将信号源产生的具有一定量程的各种模拟信号引入被检电参数检定仪和真空计，采用ＩＥＥＥ—４８８接口、６４２静电计、１０７１和７１５０多用表等仪器组成的自动化测试系统对被检仪器的各项电参数进行校准。解决了真空计电参数检定仪的检定问题，为真空度的准确测量提供了基本保证。主要介绍了真空计电参数检定装置的基本构成、工作原理和不确定度评定。     

基于降维负载转矩观测器的调速系统控制技术研究

针对高精度电动燃油调速系统在负载突变工作时燃油增压与燃油流量调节的稳定性问题,研究了前馈补偿控制策略,提出了一种基于降维负载转矩观测器的抗负载扰动控制方法。该方法实时对电动调速系统的同步电机输出转速与负载转矩进行观测,并将观测到的负载转矩补偿到同步电机交轴电流,实现闭环调速控制,从而避免了负载扰动影响系统输出转速,减小电动燃油泵对燃油的压力与流量的影响。仿真和试验结果表明,在快速加载与卸载实验条件下所提出的方法的正确性与可行性。     

Formation mechanism of great positive TEC disturbances prior to Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008

The problems of physical explanation and possible mechanisms of the seismo-ionospheric effects formation are under discussion now. There are proposed different mechanisms of such effects, for example, large- and small-scale internal gravity waves (IGWs), atmospheric electric field, electromagnetic fields and emissions. However, the appearance of local large-scale seismo-ionospheric anomalies in Total Electron Content (TEC) is possible to explain only by two mechanisms: an atmospheric electric field and/or small-scale IGWs. In this paper, the simulation results for reproduction of the observed seismo-ionospheric great positive effects in TEC prior to strong Wenchuan earthquake are presented. The obtained results confirm the proposed mechanism of seismo-ionospheric effects formation by the penetration of the seismogenic electric field from the atmosphere into the ionosphere. It is suggested that so great TEC enhancement observed 3 days prior to Wenchuan earthquake could be explained by combined action of seismogenic vertical electric field and IGWs generated by the solar terminator.     

Modeling and observations of the north–south ionospheric asymmetry at low latitudes at long deep solar minimum

Using the physics based model SUPIM and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC electron density data measured at the long deep solar minimum (2008–2010) we investigate the longitude variations of the north–south asymmetry of the ionosphere at low latitudes (±30° magnetic). The data at around diurnal maximum (12:30–13:30 LT) for magnetically quiet (Ap ? 15) equinoctial conditions (March–April and September–October) are presented for three longitude sectors (a) 60°E–120°E, (b) 60°W–120°W and (c) 15°W–75°W. The sectors (a) and (b) have large displacements of the geomagnetic equator from geographic equator but in opposite hemispheres with small magnetic declination angles; and sector (c) has large declination angle with small displacement of the equators; vertical E × B drift velocities also have differences in the three longitude sectors. SUPIM investigates the importance of the displacement of the equators, magnetic declination angle, and E × B drift on the north–south asymmetry. The data and model qualitatively agree; and indicate that depending on longitudes both the displacement of the equators and declination angle are important in producing the north–south asymmetry though the displacement of the equators seems most effective. This seems to be because it is the displacement of the equators more than the declination angle that produces large north–south difference in the effective magnetic meridional neutral wind velocity, which is the main cause of the ionospheric asymmetry. For the strong control of the neutral wind, east–west electric field has only a small effect on the longitude variation of the ionospheric asymmetry. Though the study is for the long deep solar minimum the conclusions seem valid for all levels of solar activity since the displacement of the equators and declination angle are independent of solar activity.     

The response of the ionosphere over Ilorin to some geomagnetic storms

The effects of some geomagnetic storms on the F2 layer peak parameters over Ilorin, Nigeria (Lat. 8:53°N, Long. 4.5°E, dip angle, −2.96°) have been investigated. Our results showed that the highest intensity of the noon bite-out occurred during the March equinox and lowest during the June Solstice on quiet days. Quiet day NmF2 disturbances which appeared as a pre-storm enhancement, but not related to the magnetic storm event that followed were observed at this station. These enhancements were attributed to the modification of the equatorial electric field as a result of injection of the Auroral electric field to the low and equatorial ionosphere. For disturbed conditions, the morphology of the NmF2 on quiet days is altered. Daytime and nighttime NmF2 and hmF2 enhancements were recorded at this station. Decreases in NmF2 were also observed during the recovery periods, most of which appeared during the post-noon period, except the storm event of May 28–29. On the average, enhancements in NmF2 (i.e. Positive phases) are the prominent features of this station. Observations from this study also indicate that Dst, Ap and Kp which have been the most widely used indices in academic research in describing the behavior of geomagnetic storms, are not sufficient for storm time analysis in the equatorial and low latitude ionosphere.