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81.
在防御体系中雷达对低空目标一般呈俯视状况,因此在电波折射修正中必须把地球视为椭球,而不能视为圆球体,否则会产生很大误差.本文通过雷达测量参数和大地坐标与空间坐标的转换,给出了计算雷达电波射线上任意一点对应地球半径的方法. 相似文献
82.
Henryk Dobslaw Robert Dill 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(4):1047-1054
Effective Angular Momentum (EAM) functions obtained from global numerical simulations of atmosphere, ocean, and land surface dynamics are routinely processed by the Earth System Modelling group at Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum. EAM functions are available since January 1976 with up to 3?h temporal resolution. Additionally, 6?days-long EAM forecasts are routinely published every day. Based on hindcast experiments with 305 individual predictions distributed over 15?months, we demonstrate that EAM forecasts improve the prediction accuracy of the Earth Orientation Parameters at all forecast horizons between 1 and 6?days. At day 6, prediction accuracy improves down to 1.76 mas for the terrestrial pole offset, and 2.6 mas for UT1, which correspond to an accuracy increase of about 41% over predictions published in Bulletin A by the International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service. 相似文献
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Nima Assadian Seid H. Pourtakdoust 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
In this paper, optimal trajectories of a spacecraft traveling from Earth to Moon using impulsive maneuvers (ΔV maneuvers) are investigated. The total flight time and the summation of impulsive maneuvers ΔV are the objective functions to be minimized. The main celestial bodies influencing the motion of the spacecraft in this journey are Sun, Earth and Moon. Therefore, a three-dimensional restricted four-body problem (R4BP) model is utilized to represent the motion of the spacecraft in the gravitational field of these celestial bodies. The total ΔV of the maneuvers is minimized by eliminating the ΔV required for capturing the spacecraft by Moon. In this regard, only a mid-course impulsive maneuver is utilized for Moon ballistic capture. To achieve such trajectories, the optimization problem is parameterized with respect to the orbital elements of the ballistic capture orbits around Moon, the arrival date and a mid-course maneuver time. The equations of motion are solved backward in time with three impulsive maneuvers up to a specified low Earth parking orbit. The results show high potential and capability of this type of parameterization in finding several Pareto-optimal trajectories. Using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with crowding distance sorting (NSGA-II) for the resulting multiobjective optimization problem, several trajectories are discovered. The resulting trajectories of the presented scheme permit alternative trade-off studies by designers incorporating higher level information and mission priorities. 相似文献
85.
地球卫星运动中坐标系附加摄动与参考系选择问题 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对地球赤道面的摆动,曾提出过两种空间地心赤道坐标系,即历元地心平赤道坐标系和混合形式的轨道坐标系.在后一种坐标系中虽然可避免计算因地球引力位变化所引起的坐标系附加摄动的麻烦,但这又带来了两种坐标系之间的不统一和转换的麻烦.针对实际现状,直接在历元地心平赤道坐标系中给出相应的坐标系附加摄动解,所有与此有关的转换问题,均可在历元地心平赤道坐标系中进行,而无需为了避免坐标系附加摄动的计算去通过轨道坐标系来实现.从而建议,不必再引进轨道坐标系,在卫星定轨和预报中,所有的转换问题均可采用同一坐标系,即历元(目前是J2000.0)地心平赤道坐标系. 相似文献
86.
CDAS 20m 天线分系统设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
宋林会 《中国空间科学技术》1998,18(3):73-78
CDAS天线分系统主要由天线机械结构、馈电网络、天线控制及微机监控几部分组成。天线采用20m卡塞格伦式天线,馈源为波纹喇叭,多模单脉冲自跟踪方案;利用轴角编码器构成伺服位置环;由三相可控硅功放及伺服直流电机驱动天线;双电机克服齿隙影响;天线具有多种工作方式,操控方便;监控微机对系统统一监控并完成故障实时在线检测功能。 相似文献
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充分利用各种对地观测技术,从信息化的角度支持防灾救灾行动,已被列入政府的重要工作内容。总结前一阶段的经验,从灾前、灾期、灾后的全过程系统地考虑如何充分发挥卫星对地观测技术的防灾救灾作用,是一个值得研究的问题。文章从防灾预案、灾期救援和灾后重建三个方面研究了卫星对地观测技术在防灾救灾全过程中发挥作用的技术途径。 相似文献
90.
The current approach to the study of the origin of life and to the search for life elsewhere is based on two assumptions.
First, life is a purely physical phenomenon closely linked to specific environmental conditions. From this, we hypothesise
that when these environmental conditions are met, life will arise and evolve. If these assumptions are valid, the search for
life elsewhere should be a matter of mapping what we know about the range of environments in which life can exist, and then
simply trying to find these environments elsewhere. Second, life can be clearly distinguished from the non-living world. While
a single feature of a living organism left in the rock record is not always sufficient to determine unequivocally whether
life was present, life often leaves multiple structural, mineralogical and chemical biomarkers that, in sum, support a conclusion
that life was present. Our understanding of the habitats that can sustain or have sustained life has grown tremendously with
the characterisation of extremophiles. In this chapter, we highlight the range of environments that are known to harbour life
on Earth, describe the environments that existed during the period of time when life originated on Earth, and compare these
habitats to the suitable environments that are found elsewhere in our solar system, where life could have arisen and evolved. 相似文献