基于非线性神经网络的摆式列车检测系统动态补偿方法研究

针对零极点匹配动态补偿方法的不足 ,提出基于非线性神经网络的摆式列车检测系统动态补偿方法。根据陀螺平台实测超高数据 ,采用LM算法对所设计的非线性神经网络进行训练。仿真结果表明 ,所设计的神经网络动态补偿器能有效改善陀螺平台系统的动态特性 ,满足摆式列车倾摆控制实时性的要求。     

火星进入舱开伞弹伞载荷动力放大系数研究与试验验证

首先推导了单自由度系统在矩形和半正弦波形脉冲冲击下响应谱动力放大系数与脉冲作用时间的理论解析公式,然后采用有限元显示冲击动力学分析方法,分析了火星探测器进入舱进入过程中开伞弹伞低频大冲击载荷的载荷波形、脉冲作用时间以及结构阻尼对进入舱主结构动力放大系数的影响;最后介绍了开伞载荷悬吊冲坠模拟冲击动载试验和弹伞载荷真实弹伞筒冲击动载试验。分析与试验结果表明:冲击作用时间在1 ms以下时,结构衰减效应明显,冲击作用时间大于5 ms后,动力放大系数同波形下趋于稳定;开伞载荷由于指数型前沿上升时间较长,动力放大系数基本为1;弹伞载荷上升前沿较陡,矩形前沿波放大倍数在1～2倍之间。上述研究可为火星探测器进入舱结构载荷条件的确定提供参考。     

运载火箭多体动力学建模与仿真技术研究

针对新一代运载火箭结构动力学与控制系统耦合强烈、严重影响火箭的飞行稳定问题,提出一种基于多体动力学虚拟样机建模与仿真的方法,有效解决运载火箭姿态动力学模型地面难以验证的困难。首先阐述了在运载火箭姿态动力学分析中应用多体虚拟样机的基本思路;然后对多体动力学模型与传统火箭姿态动力学模型在建模原理上的差异进行分析,指出引入多体仿真技术的意义;最后针对新一代火箭,提出并实现一种多体虚拟样机建模方法,仿真并验证了新一代火箭姿态控制模型与控制参数设计的正确性。本文的研究表明,航天器系统设计中常遇到复杂的动力学耦合问题,采用多体动力学虚拟样机仿真是一种行之有效的方法。     

航天员虚拟训练中的一维直线运动速度规划算法

研究了身穿航天服的航天员在搬运物体时的运动规律,将搬运物体的过程进行了分类。结合传统的六段加减速算法,对每种情况下的肌肉激活度进行了规划,并采用粒子群算法进行求解。利用Matlab/Simulink搭建了上肢骨骼肌模型,实现了目标物体的速度规划。将动态加速度约束转变为静态肌肉激活度约束,提出了一种在动态加速度约束下基于肌肉激活度规划的速度规划算法。用Matlab对提出的算法进行了验证,证明了算法的可行性。与其他的速度规划算法相比,提出的算法所规划的肌肉激活度更符合人体生物力学,提高了航天员的训练效率。     

考虑动态控制分配的空天飞行器再入姿态复合控制设计

针对空天飞行器再入大气层阶段的直接力/气动力复合控制分配问题,设计了一种基于改进指标函数的动态控制分配律,兼顾了反作用控制系统燃料消耗和闭环控制系统响应速度需求。此外,针对空天飞行器面对称大攻角再入引发的横侧向气动强耦合问题,在预测控制律中引入了通道间交叉耦合反馈项,对姿控过程进行增稳。对比仿真结果表明,动态分配算法在提高了再入姿态控制精度的同时降低了反作用控制系统的燃料消耗;交叉耦合反馈项的引入,缓解了倾侧角指令突变对偏航通道稳定性的干扰影响。     

Flame features and oscillation characteristics in near-blowout swirl-stabilized flames using high-speed OH-PLIF and mode decomposition methods

Flame features and dynamics are important to the explanation and prediction of a lean blowout (LBO) phenomenon. In this paper, recognition of near-LBO flame features and oscillation characterization methods were proposed based on flame spectroscopic images. High-speed planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements of OH were used to capture unique dynamic features such as the local extinction and reignition feature and entrained reactant pockets. The Zernike moment demonstrated a good performance in recognition of stability and near-LBO conditions, though the geometric moment had more advantages to characterize frequency characteristics. Low-frequency oscillations, especially at the obvious self-excited oscillation frequency around 200 Hz, were found when approaching an LBO condition, which can be expected to be used as a novel prediction characteristic parameter of the flameout limit. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) were used to conduct dynamic analysis of near-LBO flames. POD modes spectra showed the unique frequency characteristics of stable and near-LBO flames, which were basically in line with those at the heat-release frequency. The primary POD modes demonstrated that the radial vibration mode dominated in a stable flame, while the rotation mode was found to exist in a near-LBO flame. Analysis of modal decomposition showed that flame shedding and agminated entrained reactant pockets were responsible for generating self-excited flame oscillations.     

Real-time modular dynamic modeling for compression system of altitude ground test facilities

Modeling of a centrifugal compressor is of great significance to surge characteristics and fluid dynamics in the Altitude Ground Test Facilities (AGTF). Real-time Modular Dynamic System Greitzer (MDSG) modeling for dynamic response and simulation of the compression system is introduced. The centrifugal compressor, pipeline network, and valve are divided into pressure output type and mass flow output type for module modeling, and the two types of components alternate when the system is established. The pressure loss and thermodynamics of the system are considered. An air supply compression system of AGTF is modeled and simulated by the MDSG model. The simulation results of mass flow, pressure, and temperature are compared with the experimental results, and the error is less than 5%, which demonstrates the reliability, practicability, and universality of the MDSG model.     

Dynamic neighborhood genetic learning particle swarm optimization for high-power-density electric propulsion motor

To maximize the power density of the electric propulsion motor in aerospace application, this paper proposes a novel Dynamic Neighborhood Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (DNGL-PSO) for the motor design, which can deal with the insufficient population diversity and non-global optimal solution issues. The DNGL-PSO framework is composed of the dynamic neighborhood module and the particle update module. To improve the population diversity, the dynamic neighborhood strategy is first proposed, which combines the local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism and the shuffling mechanism. The local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism enlarges the search range of the algorithm in the solution space, thus obtaining high-quality exemplars. Meanwhile, when the global optimal solution cannot update its fitness value, the shuffling mechanism module is triggered to dynamically change the local neighborhood members. The roulette wheel selection operator is introduced into the shuffling mechanism to ensure that particles with larger fitness value are selected with a higher probability and remain in the local neighborhood. Then, the global learning based particle update approach is proposed, which can achieve a good balance between the expansion of the search range in the early stage and the acceleration of local convergence in the later stage. Finally, the optimization design of the electric propulsion motor is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed DNGL-PSO. The simulation results show that the proposed DNGL-PSO has excellent adaptability, optimization efficiency and global optimization capability, while the optimized electric propulsion motor has a high power density of 5.207 kW/kg with the efficiency of 96.12%.     

Impact of aperture on dynamic response of sandwich plates with aluminium face-sheets and PMI core based on an alternative finite element formulation and experiments

Apertures generally exist in the sandwich structures attributing to mechanical connection and lightweight, which might induce failure of such structures. Thus, it is required to realize the impact of aperture on mechanical behaviors of sandwich structures. If transverse shear deformations are unable to be described accurately, the reasonable prediction of dynamic behaviors of the form-core sandwich plates with apertures will meet severe challenges due to a large difference of transverse shear mo...     

Investigation of flow unsteadiness in a highly-loaded compressor cascade using a dynamic mode decomposition method

Unsteady flow in the hub endwall region has long been a hot topic in the turbomachinery community. However important it is to the performance of the whole engine, the coherent unsteady flow phenomena are still not well understood. In this paper, the complex flow field in the hub endwall of a cantilevered compressor cascade has been investigated through numerical approach. The predicted results were validated by experimental data. To highlight the dominant flow structures among irregular and chao...