The plasma sheet and boundary layers under northward IMF: A multi-point and multi-instrument perspective

During conditions of northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), the near-tail plasma sheet is known to become denser and cooler, and is described as the cold-dense plasma sheet (CDPS). While its source is likely the solar wind, the prominent penetration mechanisms are less clear. The two main candidates are solar wind direct capture via double high-latitude reconnection on the dayside and Kelvin–Helmholtz/diffusive processes at the flank magnetopause. This paper presents a case study on the formation of the CDPS utilizing a wide variety of space- and ground-based observations, but primarily from the Double Star and Polar spacecraft on December 5th, 2004. The pertinent observations can be summarized as follows: TC-1 observes quasi-periodic (∼2 min period) cold-dense boundary layer (compared to a hot-tenuous plasma sheet) signatures interspersed with magnetosheath plasma at the dusk flank magnetopause near the dawn-dusk terminator. Analysis of this region suggests the boundary to be Kelvin–Helmholtz unstable and that plasma transport is ongoing across the boundary. At the same time, IMAGE spacecraft and ground based SuperDARN measurements provide evidence of high-latitude reconnection in both hemispheres. The Polar spacecraft, located in the southern hemisphere afternoon sector, sunward of TC-1, observes a persistent boundary layer with no obvious signature of boundary waves. The plasma is of a similar appearance to that observed by TC-1 inside the boundary layer further down the dusk flank, and by TC-2 in the near-Earth magnetotail. We present comparisons of electron phase space distributions between the spacecraft. Although the dayside boundary layer at Polar is most likely formed via double high-altitude reconnection, and is somewhat comparable to the flank boundary layer at Double Star, some differences argue in favour of additional transport that augment solar wind plasma entry into the tail regions.     

Energy release in double layers

A Double layer (DL) in a current carrying plasma sustains a localised net potential difference and acts as an impedance converting electrical energy to directed particle energy determined by the DL potential. DL's accelerate equal numbers of ions and electrons for relativistic energies, otherwise electron energisation predominates. Their time independent structure may be described as a BGK (Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal) state analogous to that for laminar shocks, and certain existence criteria must be satisfied. The generalised Langmuir criterion requires total particle pressure balance over the DL and may imply propagation in the plasma reference frame. The Bohm criteria require sufficiently large current densities and are closely related to the local stability condition at the edges of the DL. The DL potential must be sustained externally, for example by the release of stored magnetic energy. A steady state is also possible where (externally maintained) mass motions drive a dynamo region connected by currents to the DL which acts as an electrical load.     

Pair creation in double layers

Pair creation in relativistic double layers in shown to have consequences for the charge density in the double layer and the current flowing through it.     

炭黑对低燃温双基平台推进剂燃烧性能的影响

研究了炭黑对低燃温双基平台推进剂燃烧性能的影响。指出随着炭黑含量的增加，推进剂燃速也增加，平台或麦撒燃烧区向高压移动；但当炭黑达到某一含量后，炭黑含量再增加，燃速反而下降，平台燃烧区消失。对此现象作了理论解释，并用二次多项式拟合出炭黑含理与燃速的关系。     

药柱的燃速弧线特征

存放多年的双基推进剂药柱,经实验发现,在肉厚方向有一种称为“燃速弧线”的特征,也称为“虹效应”,爆热也有此特征,它会引起固体火箭发动机压强曲线和推力曲线的变异,从而对导弹的战术性能发生影响。     

谐波信号四阶累积量中所含信号信息研究

研究了谐波信号四阶累积量，发现它比二阶、三阶累积量所含信息更丰富。它可以分析出谐波信号各分量间频率及相位存在的三种关系：频率（相位）双对耦合、频率（相位）三次耦合、频率（相位）相互独立，这三种关系在多次谐波信息中可能同时存在，也可能存在一种或两种。此外，当有频率耦合时，还可提供信号的相位信息。为了简化计算，本文着重研究了四阶累积量对角切片及其频谱，并用仿真实例验证了不同频率（相位）耦合关系对四阶累积量的谱值产生不同影响这一结论的正确性。     

碳单元的结构特征和双基型推进剂的燃速温度系数(物理模型Ⅱ)

分析了碳单元的结构特征,推论出双基和改性双基推进剂的分解温度、表面温度不随压力和初温而改变,以及碳单元顶端温度相对稳定.依此讨论了燃速温度系数及其规律.     

双层卫星网络中MEO与LEO卫星连接度分析

分析了在星座结构参数确定的条件下，中轨道／低轨道(MEO／LEO)双层卫星网络弱连接模型中层间连接度参数的选取。给出了连接度的理论分析和仿真结果，证明了在MEO／LEO双层卫星网络中，MEO卫星不应与其视距范围内的所有LEO卫星建立星间链路连接，而须根据MEO和LEO卫星间仰角等参数作出合理选择。     

海防战术导弹用SFM-3双基药的贮存变质问题

本文根据多年在导弹试验工作中发现的SFM-3双基药贮存“变质”现象及该装药的实际贮存条件,从实验与机理上进行了分析探讨,并通过对“变质”药柱理化分析与燃速、静止试验的数据进行了综合整理,分析了“变质”对装药性能的影响,得出了使用意见.本文还对装药的贮存使用和密封包装提出了有益建议,对SFM-3双基药柱的贮存与使用有实际参考价值.     

平面四杆机构轨迹曲线综合中的结点问题研究

建立了平面四杆机构连杆曲线的结点与原动件的角位移的六次方程式 ,对连杆曲线结点的类型、存在条件及识别方法进行了研究 ,提出了以曲线的结点、回转数、变曲点、曲率极大点等为基准的连杆曲线的综合法 ,验证了几何特征值用于解决复杂曲线综合问题的快速有效性。