基于角加速度的陀螺框架伺服系统干扰观测器

磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺(MSCMG,Magnetically Suspended Control Moment Gyro)是大型航天器姿态控制的关键执行机构,影响MSCMG输出力矩准确度的一个关键因素是其框架伺服系统的控制精度.为提高MSCMG框架伺服系统的抗干扰能力和控制精度,提出了一种基于角加速度的干扰观测器.其设计思想是:卡尔曼滤波器利用角位置估计出角速度并送往状态观测器以获取准确的角加速度,角加速度和电流作为干扰观测器的输入以获得补偿电流,补偿电流加到电流环的输入端以补偿各种干扰.干扰观测器结构简单,抗干扰能力强.实验表明:该方法有效地提高了MSCMG框架伺服系统的角速度精度与稳定度.     

基于非线性观测器的控制力矩陀螺操纵律设计

为改善操纵性能,将单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)操纵律设计问题转化为非线性系统的状态观测问题,并基于状态观测理论,导出了一种新型的SGCMG操纵律.通过适当的参数选择,SGCMG操纵律可使操纵误差在理论上渐近收敛至零;不用计算Jacobi阵的伪逆,而代之以Jacobi阵的转置,从而避免了由Jacobi阵求伪逆带来的一系列问题.同时,该操纵律形式简单,计算量小,易于实现.对应用在航天器上的某SGCMG系统的仿真结果表明,上述操纵律是可行的.      

Disturbance observer-based robust guidance for Mars atmospheric entry with input saturation

With low-lifting capability taken into account,a robust guidance law for Mars entry vehicles with low lift-to-drag ratios,such as Mars Science Laboratory(MSL),is presented.Consider the nonlinear term in the drag dynamic equation and bounded disturbances as a lumped disturbance,and design a linear disturbance observer(DOB)to estimate it.With the consideration of the control input saturation,an innovative sliding surface and a virtual system are introduced to design the guidance law.Analyses of disturbance observer performance and Lyapunov-based transient performance are also presented.It is shown that the drag tracking error can be adjustable by explicit choices of design parameters.Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed guidance law.     

基于扩张状态观测器的再入弹头控制系统设计

为了提高非自旋再入弹头的变质心控制系统的鲁棒性,采用滑模控制方法设计了变质心控制系统中的控制器。为了使控制系统设计简单,将弹头俯仰通道和偏航通道之间的耦合作用以及外界干扰综合为汇总不确定量,并采用扩张状态观测器进行估计和补偿。扩张状态观测器引入到滑模控制器中,从而发展了一种基于扩张状态观测器的滑模控制器。对弹头的变质心控制系统进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器能够有效地补偿汇总不确定量的影响,使控制系统输出快速而准确地跟踪上指令信号。     

空间机器人主从遥操作的自抗扰控制

目前基于模型的控制方法是空间机器人遥操作控制的主流方法,但该方法不可避免地会引入运动的累积误差,甚至造成控制失稳。针对这一问题,基于自抗扰控制方法为空间机器人主从遥操作设计了一类单关节控制器,并采用计算机仿真方法研究了其基本性能,结果表明所设计的自抗扰控制器能够实现稳定的遥操作控制,且具有良好的抗扰性和鲁棒性。特别是由于自抗扰控制方法不依赖于机器人的数学模型,因此十分适合作为现行基于模型控制的有益补充。     

导弹复合控制系统的模糊逻辑控制分配

针对空空导弹复合控制系统中的控制分配问题,提出了一种模糊逻辑控制分配算法。采用动态面控制方法设计了复合控制量的控制律。在设计过程中,利用扩张状态观测器估计汇总不确定项,并采用光滑二阶滑模控制算法设计了控制律,达到了提高鲁棒性和削弱抖振现象的目的。应用模糊逻辑控制分配算法将复合控制量分解为直接力控制指令和舵偏角控制指令。为了检验所设计的复合控制系统的控制效果,对采用基于模糊逻辑控制分配算法的复合控制系统和传统的气动力控制系统进行了对比仿真实验。仿真结果表明,所设计的复合控制系统具有更好的控制效果。     

A novel approach to the attitude stabilization structure for ducted-fan operative aerial robots:Finding improvements for modeling error and strong external transient disturbance

This research concerns a novel attitude stabilization structure for a ducted-fan aerial robot to work against modeling error and strong external transient disturbance, and it focuses on two main control targets: modeling error compensation, and the improvement of disturbance resistance along the rolling channel. For the first research objective, we proposed an adaptive nominal controller with the reconfigurable control law design based on the estimation of the modeling error found in the closed-...     

ESO-based event-triggered attitude control of spacecraft with unknown actuator faults

An event-triggered control strategy based on extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for the attitude tracking problem of small plug-and-play spacecraft with uncertain inertia parameters, external disturbances, and actuator faults. A simplified controller is developed based on the angular velocity and the general disturbances estimated by the provided ESO using the information of the system inputs and the angular velocities. In the designed event-triggered sampling mechanism, a state-dependent event-triggered strategy determines the triggering instant of the controller to reduce the frequency of information transmission between the controller and the actuator. In comparison with the previous literature, this paper considers uncertain inertia parameters, external disturbances, and actuator faults as general disturbances estimated by ESO, especially for the actuator faults. The inputs of ESO are the error of the angular velocities, which can simplify the controller design. Moreover, the designed ESO can effectively attenuate the influence of measured noises generated by the gyroscopes. The proposed event-triggered policy balances the performance of event-triggering and the control stability performance, which reduces the final state convergence regions without increasing more triggering times compared to existing studies. Furthermore, the investigated policy achieves Zeno-free triggering. Numerical simulations verify theoretical results.     

变化姿态角下的相位变化率无源定位方法研究

无源定位技术有着广阔的应用前景。在现有单站无源定位方法的基础上 ,介绍了相位变化率定位法。该方法利用观测平台上两个相互正交的相位干涉仪接收目标辐射电磁波的相位获取目标的方向信息 ,利用对应的相位变化率获取目标的径向距离信息 ,从而实现对目标的实时高精度定位。提出了在空中观测平台发生飞行姿态变化情况下的定位求解思路 ,即利用姿态变化条件下的测量数据直接求出目标在姿态变化前的原始载机坐标系中的位置。文中给出了这一思路下相应的定位表达式并引入修正增益扩展卡尔曼 (MGEKF)算法对原始定位结果进行滤波处理。仿真结果表明 ,该方法是一种发展前途较好的单站无源定位方法     

Composite control method for stabilizing spacecraft attitude in terms of Rodrigues parameters

In this paper, the attitude stabilization problem of a rigid spacecraft described by Rodrigues parameters is investigated via a composite control strategy, which combines a feedback control law designed by a finite time control technique with a feedforward compensator based on a linear disturbance observer (DOB) method. By choosing a suitable coordinate transformation, the spacecraft dynamics can be divided into three second-order subsystems. Each subsystem includes a certain part and an uncertain part. By using the finite time control technique, a continuous finite time controller is designed for the certain part. The uncertain part is considered to be a lumped disturbance, which is estimated by a DOB, and a corresponding feedforward design is then implemented to compensate the disturbance. Simulation results are employed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.