基于离散事件方法的AFDX建模与仿真

采用了建模仿真的方法来分析航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX,Avionics Full Duplex switched ethernet)协议.通过对AFDX协议的抽象,基于离散事件的建模方法,以基本的网络元素来抽象化网络中的端系统、交换机等设备,以离散事件来描述网络设备的行为,以此构建了AFDX网络模型,并依据模型实现了仿真.网络演算是一种理论计算AFDX最坏延迟界限的方法,将典型场景下仿真得到的结果与理论计算的结果进行比较,验证了模型.通过不同流量方案下仿真结果的对比,对AFDX进行了传输特性的分析.      

太阳活动与全球气候变化

太阳不断向地球辐射电磁波和粒子, 太阳辐射是地球气候系统最主要的能量来源. 地球气候系统对太阳活动的响应是一个复杂的过程, 包括辐射过程、动力学过程以及微观物理过程等. 根据太阳辐射的卫星观测结果和重建结果, 例举了古气候、温度、大气环流和云量等方面太阳影响气候的观测证据, 论述了太阳影响气候的三种可能机制, 即太阳总辐射变化可以影响地表温度, 并通过海-气耦合改变大气环流; 太阳紫外辐射通过调制平流层的温度和风场影响下面的对流层; 太阳通过行星际磁场调制银河宇宙线, 而银河宇宙线通过电离大气影响云量, 进而改变地球的能量收支.      

不等温空腔的有效发射率计算

采用Monte-Carlo法对不等温空腔的有效发射率进行计算分析,讨论了腔壁的不等温性、材料的光谱发射率和方向发射率对法向有效发射率的影响,为黑体辐射源的设计提供了理论计算依据。     

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

Geostationary orbit determination using SATRE

A new strategy of precise orbit determination (POD) for GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellite using SATRE (SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment) is presented. Two observation modes are proposed and different channels of the same instruments are used to construct different observation modes, one mode receiving time signals from their own station and the other mode receiving time signals from each other for two stations called pairs of combined observations. Using data from such a tracking network in China, the results for both modes are compared. The precise orbit determination for the Sino-1 satellite using the data from 6 June 2005 to 13 June 2005 has been carried out in this work. The RMS (Root-Mean-Square) of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the former mode is better than 9.1 cm. The RMS of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the latter mode is better than 4.8 cm, much better than the former mode. Orbital overlapping (3-day orbit solution with 1-day orbit overlap) tests show that the RMS of the orbit difference for the former mode is 0.16 m in the radial direction, 0.53 m in the along-track direction, 0.97 m in the cross-track direction and 1.12 m in the 3-dimension position and the RMS of the orbit difference for the latter mode is 0.36 m in the radial direction, 0.89 m in the along-track direction, 1.18 m in the cross-track direction and 1.52 m in the 3-dimension position, almost the same as the former mode. All the experiments indicate that a meter-level accuracy of orbit determination for geostationary satellite is achievable.     

星载单频GPS数据的电离层延迟改正方法分析

利用C/A码单点定位对LEO(Low Earth Orbit)卫星上的电离层延迟改正方法——"电离层比例因子法"进行了分析研究.计算的CHAMP卫星的轨道结果表明:采用电子密度峰值高度(hmF2,F2 region maximum electron density height)平均值和瞬时值计算的电离层比例因子α变化范围分别为0.3~0.4和0.2~0.65之间,两者最大差异可达0.3,相比较而言,hmF2瞬时值的结果更加合理,并且相应的大地高H方向的系统偏差要降低0.05~0.3m左右;与双频无电离层组合的普通单点定位结果相比表明该方法能较好地消除电离层一阶项所引入的H方向上的系统偏差;该方法适用的LEO卫星轨道高度范围大致在200~ 600km之间,当轨道高度超过700km时,该方法并不适用.     

粘弹性材料非局域声阻抗模型及参数优化

针对敷设粘弹性材料的刚体声散射问题提出了一种利用等效非局域阻抗基本代数模型计算表面声阻抗矩阵的方法.并以敷设粘弹性材料的球体为例,采用全局收敛移动近似算法(GCMMA, Globally Convergent Method of Moving Asymptotes)对非局域声阻抗代数模型的参数进行了优化,使其声散射计算结果与使用有限元得到的结果一致.研究表明:等效非局域阻抗基本代数模型可以应用于表面敷设粘弹性材料球体声散射的数值计算,为研究潜艇等复杂水下目标的声散射提供了有效的途径.     

太阳帆航天器行星际轨道转移优化算法

研究基于遗传算法的太阳帆行星际转移轨道的全局优化问题.通过极小值原理推导了太阳帆全局优化控制律,并以太阳帆飞行时间最短为优化目标函数,运用遗传算法对发射时间、到达时间和协态变量初值进行参数优化设计.为了解决轨道转移这一多约束优化问题,在遗传算法中加入动态罚函数.在此理论基础上作了从地球同步轨道出发到火星同步轨道转移和从地球出发与火星交会两个算例,仿真结果表明了该方法在太阳帆转移轨道全局优化中的有效性.     

无人机复杂环境中跟踪运动目标的实时航路规划

在复杂地形环境中,无人机在跟踪运动目标时,现有的航路规划方法在实时性和可行性上存在一定缺陷.提出了一种新的滚动窗口启发方向计算方法,使其能够跟踪运动目标,同时在滚动窗口内采用流函数法进行避障.根据无人机约束,滚动窗口为三角形,并设计了基于行为的伸缩功能.在流函数中,利用水势能方法克服了陷阱地形并进行了航路平滑.仿真结果表明:这种混合算法对于复杂地形条件下跟踪运动目标的航路规划,能够减小规划算法的时间和空间复杂度,使规划出的航路适于无人机飞行.     

飞机进近着陆电磁环境建模与辐射分布分析

机场终端区电磁、地形和地物在拓扑、物理和语义上的异构性导致进近着陆电磁环境构成机理复杂,很难用单尺度解析模型表征电磁环境的本质属性.在分析终端区多要素层次构成机理和关联耦合特征的基础上,提出一种多层融合的进近着陆电磁环境模型架构.综合采用矩量法和射线追踪法模拟台站辐射特性和地空电波传播模式,建立进近着陆区域电磁辐射强度量化表征与空间分布计算模型,有效降低了场边界特性不规则时空变化带来的电波预测误差.结合某机场地形和航向台数据,对终端区主航道和余隙航道的电磁辐射强度和覆盖范围进行计算和对比分析.仿真结果验证了本建模与分析方法的有效性.