数字卫星电视授时方法及其研究进展

为丰富和完善国家时间频率体系建设,提高现有定位导航与授时(PNT)体系的服务能力,中国科学院国家授时中心开展了基于数字卫星电视信号的授时方法研究,并搭建了一套数字卫星电视授时系统,实际测试结果表明其定时精度优于50ns(均方根).首先综述了数字卫星电视授时方法中的理论框架及其若干关键技术问题,然后介绍了在提高授时精度方面的研究进展,最后指出了数字卫星电视授时方法的应用场景和由此方法衍生出的电视卫星测定轨、目标定位等应用前景,并展望了未来的研究方向.     

Adaptive feedback control of stability in an axial compressor with circumferential inlet distortion

The adaptive feedback control of stability with circumferential inlet distortion has been experimentally investigated in a low-speed, axial compressor. The flat-baffles with different span heights are used to simulate different distorted inflow cases. Compared with auto-correlation and root-mean-square analysis, cross-correlation analysis used to predict early stall warning does not depend on the distortion position. Hence, the cross-correlation coefficient was used to monitor the stable status of the compressor and provide the feedback signal in the active control strategy when suffering from different distortions. Based on the stall margin improvement of tip air injection obtained under different distorted inflow cases and the sensitivity analysis of cross-correlation coefficients to injected momentum ratios, tip air injection was adopted as the actuator for adaptive feedback control. The digital signal processing controller was designed and applied to achieve adaptive feedback control in distorted inflow conditions. The results show that the adaptive feedback control of air injection nearly achieves the same stall margin improvement as steady air injection under different distortion intensities with a reduced injection mass flow. Thus, the proposed adaptive feedback control method is ideal for the engine operation with circumferential distorted inflow, which frequently occurs in flight.     

基于PSK调制的数字通信信号仿真分析技术

基于PSK调制的数字通信系统在无线通信工程实践中有着广泛的应用，由于受到各种条件的限制，从实际工程系统接收到的PSK数字通信信号在教学科研中不易获得，而PSK调制仿真数据则可以自己产生。在掌握通信原理和仿真技术的基础上利用Matlab实现对BPSK、DPSK、QPSK、DQPSK、8PSK、π/4-DQPSK、OQPSK等数字通信信号源的模拟仿真，可对调制体制、工作频率、传输码率、采样频率、信道特征等参数进行灵活设置，并按要求生成规定格式的DAT数据文件，可作为调制方式识别软件的训练和测试样本。结合模方谱、平方谱、四次方谱、八次方谱等谱线参数特征，同时结合星座图和眼图进行基于PSK调制的数字通信信号的调制体制判别和验证。     

Study of aerodynamic and inertial forces of a experimental and numerical methods

The force-generation mechanism of a dovelike flapping-wing micro air vehicle was studied by numerical simulation and experiment. To obtain the real deformation pattern of the flapping wing, the digital image correlation technology was used to measure the dynamic deformation of the wing. The dynamic deformation data were subsequently interpolated and embedded into the CFD solver to account for the aeroelastic effects. The dynamic deformation data were further used to calculate the inertial forces...     

基于圆极化漏波阵的罗特曼透镜多波束天线设计

文章提出了一种具有无源波束扫描能力的平面圆极化多波束天线。该天线由基于基片集成波导(substrate integrated waveguide, SIW)的漏波天线阵列和罗特曼透镜馈源网络组成。其中漏波天线作为天线辐射体，通过在SIW传输线上加载90°顺序旋转的非谐振辐射缝隙，实现了圆极化的辐射特性。为了实现低成本的波束扫描能力，使用罗特曼透镜作为天线的馈电网络。该天线设计采用双层结构，通用将漏波天线阵列置于罗特曼透镜上层，实现了天线的小型化。经仿真验证，该天线可在9.5GHz~10.5GHz的工作频带范围内，实现良好的阻抗匹配及±44°的圆极化波束扫描能力，并且每个波束均可在3dB波束宽度内实现小于3dB的轴比。     

一种用于星载多波束相控阵的稀疏阵列

现有的技术较难满足星载多波束相控阵天线射频前端的通道间距，已有的研究工作大量集中在提高射频电路和芯片的集成度，提出采用稀疏布阵的方式来增加天线单元的平均间距，从而缓解现有技术条件下的高密度集成难题。设计了Ka频段八波束相控阵天线的稀疏布阵阵面，首先采用遗传算法优化设计64元稀疏子阵，子阵增益在±60°扫描范围内大于18.6 dB，该子阵沿4个象限镜像对称，便于高效设计将不规则分布的天线单元端口与规则排布的R组件端口进行互连的带状线转接板，然后随机旋转、平移36个子阵拼接成全阵，在一定程度上打乱子阵分布均匀性，以起到栅瓣抑制的作用。该方法具有简单、高效、快捷的优点，稀疏阵列的设计结果基本能满足工程应用需求，适用于星载多波束相控阵。     

A new approach for pulse amplitude measurement using Lagrange’s interpolation for radiation or particle detectors

In radiation detector signal processing, usually, the charge-sensitive preamplifier converts the small charge signal coming from the semiconductor-based detector into voltage form and then the signal is further amplified to measure the energy of the incoming radiation. The voltage pulse from a charge-sensitive preamplifier (CSPA) is amplified using a shaping amplifier which reduces the signal bandwidth. To achieve better energy resolution, precise measurement of the peak amplitude of shaping amplifier output is required. The signal processing methods are available in which the signal from the charge-sensitive preamplifier can be directly digitized using high-speed Analog to Digital Converters (ADC), and then further signal processing such as gain and shaping is carried out inside the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). For multiple detector systems, digital signal processing methods are quite difficult to implement in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). In this context, The development of an alternative technique is initiated that uses a charge-sensitive preamplifier, shaping amplifier, low sampling analog-to-digital converter, and FPGA, where LaGrange’s interpolation technique is implemented in FPGA to precisely measure the peak of the analog pulse. In this paper, the comparison of the proposed method with other pulse amplitude measurement techniques is discussed. Results show that the implemented technique gives similar energy resolution compared to digital pulse processing and standard peak detector-based techniques.     

某船载无人操控天线末段跟踪的数引策略改进

从无人操控天线需要依赖数引完成目标自动捕获以及现有的主动段航天测量的数引模型精度不够的背景出发,指出提高数引精度即进行数引改进的必要性。然后结合末段跟踪的特殊性,从时差、视差和延时累积误差三个影响数引精度的最主要方面详细分析了它们的形成机理,并给出了各自的改进方法。