再入末修舱对邻近微弱弹头目标检测性能的影响

基于微波暗室静态测量数据,结合弹道学理论,分析了战术弹道导弹(TBM)弹头在再入段的运动学特性和电磁散射特性。研究表明,典型战情下再入舱的RCS比弹头目标的RCS大10~30dB。当采用LFM波形时,会导致较为严重的旁瓣遮掩效应,即脉冲压缩后末修舱的旁瓣会遮掩邻近微弱弹头目标的主瓣,导致弹头漏检。从理论和仿真的角度分析了相关设计参数（例如带宽）以及伴随物相关参数（速度、相对距离、相对RCS等）对弹头目标CFAR检测性能的影响,并提出了改善检测性能的建议措施。     

DebrisWatch I: A survey of faint geosynchronous debris

Recent anomalies exhibited by satellites and rocket bodies have highlighted that a population of faint debris exists at geosynchronous (GEO) altitudes, where there are no natural removal mechanisms. Despite previous optical surveys probing to around 10–20 cm in size, regular monitoring of faint sources at GEO is challenging, thus our knowledge remains sparse. It is essential that we continue to explore the faint debris population using large telescopes to better understand the risk posed to active GEO satellites. To this end, we present photometric results from a survey of the GEO region carried out with the 2.54 m Isaac Newton Telescope in La Palma, Canary Islands. We probe to 21st visual magnitude (around 10 cm, assuming Lambertian spheres with an albedo of 0.1), uncovering 129 orbital tracks with GEO-like motion across the eight nights of dark-grey time comprising the survey. The faint end of our brightness distribution continues to rise until the sensitivity limit of the sensor is reached, suggesting that the modal brightness could be even fainter. We uncover a number of faint, uncatalogued objects that show photometric signatures of rapid tumbling, many of which straddle the limiting magnitude of our survey over the course of a single exposure, posing a complex issue when estimating object size. This work presents the first instalment of DebrisWatch, an ongoing collaboration between the University of Warwick and the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (UK) investigating the faint population of GEO debris.     

Improved detection of faint streaks based on a streak-like spatial filter

This paper presents an algorithm to detect very faint object streaks on CCD images acquired with an optical system. The proposed detection method uses image filters simulating the geometrical form and orientation of possible streaks on the CCD image. The method searches for a matching between streak and filter evaluating the convolutions of the image with all possible filters. Based on the statistics of the image background a threshold is applied in order to accept, respectively reject, the possible streak candidates. The detection probabilities and the effect of different parameter settings are estimated with tests on simulated images, while subframes of real images are used to evaluate the applicability of the algorithm to real cases. The detection probability of this method depends on the length and on the signal-to-noise ratio of the streak. For long streaks, a detection for signal-to-noise values around 0.5 is achieved. The further characterization of the detected streak (e.g. centroid and length), which is not performed in the current algorithm, and the reduction of the computation time, which is relatively high for full acquired frames, as well as possible improvements are briefly addressed.     

空间双机容错计算机系统研究

为在资源有限的条件下，最大限度地实现长寿命空间飞行器计算机系统的容错，同时又能达到所要求的性能，提出了一个模块化的双机容错设计方案。采用热冗余比较方式，软硬件组合实现系统的容错管理，可保证在某个资源或包含该资源的模块发生故障时，不会导致整个系统的失效，并具备模块级重构能力，从而实现系统的资源共享。不同冗余系统可靠性分析和有关测试结果表明，所设计的双机容错系统性能满足有关要求。     

载人飞船碰撞检测解析方法研究

在轨编目物体数目与日俱增,为保证载人航天任务的顺利完成,必须对可能威胁任务轨道的空间目标进行碰撞检测。本文分析了美国航天司令部开发的SGP4近地轨道预报模型,引入其中的摄动力长期项公式。通过模型比对可知,引入摄动力长期项的计算结果与解析法SGP4结果接近,而且摄动力的长期项对轨道根数的影响可以表示为关于时间的函数,结合天球投影可以迅速找出2个物体分别过轨道交线的时间,因此该方法能够保证碰撞预警的精度与速度。仿真结果验证了该方法的快速有效性。     

盲自适应多用户检测器抗窄带干扰性能分析

CDMA系统的优点之一是可以和窄带系统共存。通过将窄带干扰信号等效为多个虚拟用户,就可以利用多用户检测算法实现窄带干扰抑制。由于接收端一般不知道窄带干扰的特征信息,因此只有采用盲多用户检测算法才能实现对多址干扰和窄带干扰的联合抑制。本文从理论上分析了最小均方误差（MinimumMeanSquareError,MMSE）盲多用户检测器抑制窄带干扰的性能,并给出了仿真实验结果。     

全数字量传递产品检测技术的研究与应用

通过对航空企业数字化检测技术应用现状进行调研和分析,提出目前企业数字化检测技术发展和推广过程中的主要瓶颈,在此基础上提出企业全数字量传递产品检测技术研究与应用方案。     

利用旋转双天线载波相位双差的欺骗干扰检测技术

有效的欺骗干扰检测是防止卫星导航接收机被欺骗干扰攻击的前提。提出了一种基于旋转双天线载波相位双差的卫星导航接收机欺骗干扰检测技术,在对接收机双天线匀速旋转时输出载波相位测量值进行载波相位双差处理后,利用广义似然比检验实现了对单一发射天线输出欺骗干扰信号的检测。进一步分析了旋转半径和数据长度对检测性能的影响,并与旋转单天线和天线阵载波相位双差欺骗干扰检测方法的性能进行了对比。最后,通过蒙特卡罗方法进行了仿真验证,结果表明了该检测方法和检测性能分析的正确性。     

卫星用粒子探测系统

设计了一个卫星用电子和质子探测系统,电子和质子能量范围各为0.5～4MeV 和5～60MeV。系统具有质量轻、功耗低及可靠性高特点。     

数学形态学边缘检测方法在火箭弹离轨参数测量中的应用

从数学形态学边缘检测的基本理论出发,结合火箭弹离轨参数测量的应用要求,定义了一种切实可行的数学形态学边缘检测的具体方法和结构元素,在火箭弹离轨参数测量系统应用中取得了很好的效果。