设备总体工作中的软件质量控制

设备软件的质量控制工作是设备总体工作不可缺少的一部分,它直接影响产品的使用质量和维护成本。本文从软件工程化管理角度出发,结合设备总体工作实践和软件测试工作实践,提出了在设备软件研制的不同阶段应该特别关注的质量要素,对设备总体工作人员具有一定的帮助。     

Effect of Variable Selection on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization： a Flight Vehicle Example

Different multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) problems are formulated and compared. Two MDO formulations are applied to a sounding rocket in order to optimize the performance of the rocket. In the MDO of the referred vehicle, three disciplines have been considered,which are trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics. A special design structure matrix is developed to assist data exchange between disciplines. This design process uses response surface method (RSM) for multidisciplinary optimization of the rocket. The RSM is applied to the design in two categories: the propulsion model and the system level. In the propulsion model, RSM deter-mines an approximate mathematical model of the engine output parameters as a function of design variables. In the system level, RSM fits a surface of objective function versus design variables. In the first MDO problem formulation, two design variables are selected to form propulsion discipline. In the second one, three new design variables from geometry are added and finally, an optimization method is applied to the response surface in the system level in order to find the best result. Application of the first developed multidisciplinary design optimization procedure increased accessible altitude (performance index) of the referred sounding rocket by twenty five percents and the second one twenty nine.     

Supersonic Two-Dimensional Minimum Length Nozzle Design at High Temperature. Application for Air

When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heat ratio does not remain constant any more, and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remains always valid, except it will name in more calorically im-perfect gas or gas at High Temperature. The goal of this work is to trace the profiles of the supersonic Minimum Length Nozzle with centered expansion when the stagnation temperature is taken into account, lower than the threshold of dissociation of the molecules and to have for each exit Mach number several nozzles shapes by changing the value of the temperature. The method of characteristics is used with a new form of the Prandtl Meyer function at high temperature. The resolution of the obtained equations is done by the second order of finite differences method by using the predictor corrector algorithm. A study on the error given by the perfect gas model com-pared to our model is presented. The comparison is made with a calorically perfect gas for goal to give a limit of application of this model. The application is for the air.     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.     

Numerical design optimization of compressor blade based on ADOP

An aerodynamic design optimization platform(ADOP) has been developed.The numerical optimization method is based on genetic algorithm(GA),Pareto ranking and fitness sharing technique.The platform was used for design optimization of the stator of an advanced transonic stage to seek high adiabatic efficiency.The compressor stage efficiency is increased by 0.502% at optimal point and the stall margin is enlarged by nearly 1.0% at design rotating speed.The flow fields of the transonic stage were simulated with FINE/Turbo software package.The optimization result indicates that the optimization platform is effective in3Dnumerical design optimization problems.      

发动机在进气温度畸变条件下的特性研究

为定量获得某发动机在温度畸变条件下的特性,采用有效的畸变传递模型,就进气温度畸变对某发动机稳定性和性能的影响进行了较深入的数值研究。详细地计算了温度畸变对发动机稳定性和性能的影响结果,讨论了温度畸变作用下该发动机的多种重要特性。结果表明,所研究的三组温升率均超过了临界温升率,临界高温区范围为180°;温度敏感系数均在统计范围之内,表明该发动机具有较好的抗温度畸变能力。而在上限温度畸变作用下,发动机必须使用防喘系统。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

涡扇冲压组合发动机等q特性及接力点选取

本文对涡扇冲压组合发动机的等q特性作了初步的分析探讨.对涡扇冲压组合发动机的工作接力点马赫数作了定量的计算.并提出了估算接力点马赫数的方法.还对不同等q值下的燃烧室静温、静压、空气流量及推力进行了分析.本文提供的数据可供涡扇冲压组合发动机设计参考.     

轴流压气机跨声级转子叶顶喷气的流动特性

采用带周向槽处理机匣的动叶叶顶喷气方法,研究了叶顶喷气对一轴流压气机跨声级转子在设计转速下的性能(包括失速裕度和效率)和内部流动特征的影响。结果表明,叶顶喷气能显著提高压气机的失速裕度,同时效率有所降低。不同流量和角度喷气的计算结果比较得出,近0°喷气角和0.5%喷气流量时,喷气效果最佳。对比无喷气时,失速裕度提高10%,峰值效率下降不到0.5%。内部流场结构的剖析揭示了叶顶喷气控制叶顶区的流动引起失速裕度提高和效率下降的内在流动机理。     

基于轴对称喷管的三维内收缩进气道的设计与初步评估

介绍了基于逆置等熵轴对称喷管的三维内收缩进气道的设计方法,并对设计的进气道的气动性能进行了初步评估。轴对称逆置等熵喷管采用特征线方法生成,以3°截短逆置喷管流动为基准流场,定义进气道出口为圆形截面,采用流线追踪方法和三维造型工具,生成了三维内收缩的超声速进气道,内收缩比CR=6.18。采用自主CFD软件分析了设计的内收缩进气道性能。无粘和粘性湍流计算表明,在设计点、起动状态下流线追踪进气道出口总压恢复系数高,流动核心区较为均匀。