Aerodynamic/aeroacoustic variable-fidelity optimization of helicopter rotor based on hierarchical Kriging model

Rotor noise is one of the most important reasons for restricting helicopter development; hence, the optimization design of rotor blade considering aeroacoustic and aerodynamic performance at the same time has always been the focus of research attention. For complex rotor design problems with a large number of design variables, the efficiency of the traditional Kriging model needs to be improved. Thus, Hierarchical Kriging (HK) model is employed in this study for rotor optimization design. By using the validated RANS solver and acoustic method based on the FW–H_pds equation, an efficient aerodynamic/aeroacoustic optimization method for high-dimensional problem of rotors in hover based on HK model is developed. By using present HK model and new infill-sampling criteria, the number of design variables is increased from less than 20–53. Results of two analytical function test cases show that the HK model is efficient and accurate in calculation. Subsequently, the helicopter rotor blade is optimally designed for aerodynamic/aeroacoustic performance in hover based on the HK model with high dimensional design variables. The objective function is adopted to improve the rotational noise characteristics by reducing the absolute peak of the acoustic pressure. In addition, the constraints of thrust, hover efficiency, solidity, and airfoils thickness are strictly satisfied. Optimization results show that the Kriging model finds the objective of reducing the noise by 2.87 dB after 248 iterations while the HK model does it only after 164 iterations. The optimization efficiency of the HK model is significantly higher than that of the traditional Kriging model. In the case analyzed, the HK model saves 35% of the time used by the Kriging model.     

Best practices for model-based and simulation-aided engineering of power transmission and motion control systems

This paper deals with the modelling and simulation of aircraft systems, in particular for power transmission and control. It is intended to review, propose and disseminate best practices for making model-based/simulation-aided engineering more efficient at any phase of the system life cycle. The proposals are aimed at creating value, not only by increasing the performance of the product under study but also by shortening the time to market, capitalizing knowledge, mitigating risks and facilitating concurrent engineering. The needs associated with the engineering activities are firstly identified to define a set of requirements for the models. Then, these requirements are used to drive the considerations leading to model development, focusing in particular on the process, modelled physical effects, modelling level, model architecting and concurrent engineering. The third part deals with the model implementation, giving special consideration to the different types of models, causalities, parameterization, implementation and verification. Each part is illustrated by examples related to safety critical actuators.     

SBD技术及其在自动飞行系统设计中的应用

ＳＢＤ技术是将仿真技术应用于产品研制阶段,在未真正制造出原型系统的情况下,用虚拟原型样机（ＶＰ）展示产品的动、静态性能,从而缩短产品研制的周期,减少研制的费用,提高产品的质量。ＳＢＤ在于提供一个开放、分布和并发的环境。对ＳＢＤ技术的主要功能框架结构进行了论述,并给出ＳＢＤ技术在自动飞行系统设计、开发中应用的一个例子。     

高速RS编码器的FPGA实现

ＲＳ码广泛应用于卫星通信,移动通信和数据存储等领域中,研究用现场可编程编辑阵列（ＦＰＧＡ）实现高速ＲＳ码编码器;对硬件实现中的主要问题做了分析和讨论,仿真和实际测试结果均表明,编码器原理样机功能正常,吞吐率可达２００Ｍｂｉｔ／ｓ。     

基于移位算法的环外滤波器的设计

环外滤波是提高测速精度的重要手段。用移位算法设计的环外滤波器 ,能够使定点 DSP节省大量的时间开销 ,以实时完成多通道数据处理任务。文中介绍基于移位算法的环外滤波器的设计过程 ,算法简单 ,性能优越。仿真结果表明 ,该环外滤波器完全符合设计要求     

光学太阳反射镜抗静电薄膜的设计原则

对氧化铟锡（ITO）薄膜在光学太阳反射镜（OSR）抗静电放电设计中的应用进行了研究，采用Drude理论分析了ITO薄膜的表面方阻等对OSR的太阳光谱吸收比的影响，测试了光学太阳反射镜充电电位，讨论了薄膜接地状况对OSR表面充放电性能的影响，结果表明，ITO薄膜应用于OSR表面防静电放电时，需合理设计表面方阻和接地方式。     

增雨防雹火箭作业系统设计及试验

基于人工影响天气的基本原理，阐述了人工增雨防雹概念及其对火箭作业系统的技术要求，介绍了ＷＲ－１Ｂ增雨防雹火箭作业系统和试验作业的设计。     

碳/环氧复合材料负膨胀结构性能铺层设计

文中对碳/环氧复合材料负膨胀结构铺层设计进行了研究分析。结果表明,通过改变角度层±30～±35的含量可以得到各种不同的负膨胀性能;设计时必须综合考虑各种不同性能之间的相关性。     

抗核电磁脉冲设计中的屏蔽理论——带有孔缝屏蔽体屏效的计算

本文对形状规则的屏蔽体提出了一种新的计算方法,采用并矢格林函数法求解矢量波动方程,得到屏蔽体内的场分布,再利用小孔耦合理论得到屏蔽等效源,从而利用镜象原理求得泄漏场,最后求得屏效,并举例说明。     

Effect of Variable Selection on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization： a Flight Vehicle Example

Different multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) problems are formulated and compared. Two MDO formulations are applied to a sounding rocket in order to optimize the performance of the rocket. In the MDO of the referred vehicle, three disciplines have been considered,which are trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics. A special design structure matrix is developed to assist data exchange between disciplines. This design process uses response surface method (RSM) for multidisciplinary optimization of the rocket. The RSM is applied to the design in two categories: the propulsion model and the system level. In the propulsion model, RSM deter-mines an approximate mathematical model of the engine output parameters as a function of design variables. In the system level, RSM fits a surface of objective function versus design variables. In the first MDO problem formulation, two design variables are selected to form propulsion discipline. In the second one, three new design variables from geometry are added and finally, an optimization method is applied to the response surface in the system level in order to find the best result. Application of the first developed multidisciplinary design optimization procedure increased accessible altitude (performance index) of the referred sounding rocket by twenty five percents and the second one twenty nine.