降落伞的计算机仿真研究

降落伞是一种应用广泛的气动力减速装置,其试验费用在整个开发、研制费用中,占有很大的比例。如何节省这笔费用,运用计算机仿真技术无疑是个最佳办法和途径。文章总结了降落伞仿真的一些情况和降落伞仿真所遇到的关键技术,并提出了在降落伞仿真中所面临的主要问题及解决这些问题的一般方法,可为降落伞研究提供参考。     

降落伞充气过程研究方法综述

文章介绍了降落伞充气过程的研究方法 ,包括完全试验方法、半试验半理论方法及完全理论方法。其中 ,着重介绍了半试验半理论方法及完全理论方法的内容及发展状况。在介绍各种研究方法的同时 ,阐述了降落伞充气过程包含的复杂物理现象、研究难点及解决方法 ;最后指出了当前充气过程研究的热点及发展趋势。     

降落伞初始充气阶段数值模拟

首先建立了初始充气模型 ;将前体、伞绳及伞衣离散为一系列弹性连接的质量节点 ,伞衣内部流场为一维不可压流 ;最后利用模型计算了初始充气阶段伞衣形状变化、伞衣投影面积变化及伞绳张力     

大学英语教学与交际能力的培养

作为英语教师，我们拥有广阔的空间，可以自由地去尝试和创新。但如何利用课堂的有限时间，充分调动学生的学习和使用英语的积极性，这一直是语言教育工作者所探求的问题。本文认为掌握英语基础知识和培养交际能力同等重要，二者互相促进，相辅相成。语言基础知识是基础，交际能力是语言能力的集中体现，它又进一步巩固语言知识。     

Multi-objective optimization of frequency and damping of vertical stabilizer skin structure placed with variable-angle tows

The vibration characteristics of composite vertical stabilizer skin structures play a critical role in damping effects designed for overcoming the air disturbances experienced by aircraft structural components during flight. The first-order fundamental frequencies and their corresponding damping characteristics of the vertical stabilizer skin structure tow-steered by automatic fiber placement technique were optimized with the parameterized trajectories and plies as design variables. Firstly, the vibration and damping numerical models were derived based on Kirchhoff laminate theory, the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and the Strain Energy Method. Then the optimization model was developed by adopting the self-adaptive Differential Evolution Multi-objective optimization algorithm and incorporating the solution method of Pareto Front. The constraints of this optimization model considered the experimentally obtained minimum turning radius of prepregs tow-steered in automatic fiber placement process obtained from experimental tests. Finally, the comparison of numerical simulation results was conducted for the optimized trajectories and the conventional straight trajectories under various boundary conditions, and the numerical results were partially validated through damping and frequency tests. The results indicate the vibration characteristics of the composite vertical stabilizer skin structure can be enhanced to a large extent by optimizing fiber trajectories, and the enhancement percentage is affected by the boundary conditions of the actual structure.     

In-process adaptive milling for large-scale assembly interfaces of a vertical tail driven by real-time vibration data

Assembly interfaces, the joint surfaces between the vertical tail and rear fuselage of a large aircraft, are thin-wall components. Their machining quality are seriously restricted by the machining vibration. To address this problem, an in-process adaptive milling method is proposed for the large-scale assembly interface driven by real-time machining vibration data. Within this context, the milling operation is first divided into several process steps, and the machining vibration data in each pro...     

Active fault tolerant control for vertical tail damaged aircraft with dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper proposes an active fault-tolerant control strategy for an aircraft with dissim-ilar redundant actuation system (DRAS) that has suffered from vertical tail damage. A damage degree coefficient based on the effective vertical tail area is introduced to parameterize the damaged flight dynamic model. The nonlinear relationship between the damage degree coefficient and the corresponding stability derivatives is considered. Furthermore, the performance degradation of new input channel with electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is also taken into account in the dam-aged flight dynamic model. Based on the accurate damaged flight dynamic model, a composite method of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) integrating model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is proposed to reconfigure the fault-tolerant control law. The numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant control strategy with accurate flight dynamic model. The results also indicate that aircraft with DRAS has better fault-tolerant control ability than the traditional ones when the vertical tail suffers from serious damage.     

"绳帆"现象及其对开伞过程的影响

文章对国外相关实验及计算工作进行了综合分析,指出高空侧向风容易引起开伞过程的"绳帆"现象,从而导致严重的后果,总结了消除此现象的若干种对策.并介绍了国外通过计算机模拟"绳帆"问题在实际飞行中得到的成功应用,建议中国也开展相应的理论分析和软件研制工作.     

SPECTRA高性能轻型降落伞织物

织物件的好坏在很大程度上取决于纤维性能和纱线品质,纤维性能越优织出来的织物肯定就越好。就降落伞织物来说,质轻,高强、耐磨、耐环境变化是选材时必须考虑的因素。其中重量轻、强度高更是最引人注目的要求。目前市场上已有多种纤维具备上述特点,但迄今还未发现优于SPECTRA(美国ALLIED-SIGNAL公司商标名)的纤维。用SPECTRA材料制造的降落伞,与现有降落伞相比,在重量、强度和抗化学性方面要优越得多。     

垂直冷发射防空导弹弹道设计中的参数优化

根据垂直冷发射防空导弹的飞行程序，分析了影响弹道性能的主要因素，选取相应的参数对弹道进行优化设计。优化前后弹道参数的计算结果表明，该优化方法改善了速度特性，在攻击超低空目标时保证弹道末段俯冲角满足布儒斯特角的要求，是防空导弹弹道的有效设计方法。