Sensor-fault tolerant attitude determination using two-stage estimator

Satellite attitude determination accuracy significantly drops when sensor-fault occurs. Hence, a proper mitigation strategy to detect sensor-fault and accurately estimate corresponding fault magnitudes is mandatory for robust and accurate attitude determination. In this paper, a novel sensor-fault tolerant precise attitude estimator is proposed consisting of two stages. In the first stage, sensor-fault is detected, and the associated sensor parameter change is roughly estimated using an interacting multiple-model (IMM) approach. Subsequently, the second stage is triggered. The sensor parameter change is precisely estimated with a new sensor-parameter-augmented filter. This is defined as a selectively augmented extended Kalman filter (SAEKF) in this paper. The conventional augmented extended Kalman filter (AEKF) is computationally more expensive than the proposed SAEKF. The SAEKF augments only the sensor parameters affected by sensor-faults, not the full sensor parameters, into the state vector. This leads to a significant computational time-saving. A transition method from the first stage to the second stage is also investigated. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed two-stage approach has smaller attitude determination errors than the existing algorithms, ranged from 21.7% to 88.8%, in cases with gyro scale factor error or misalignment.     

The impact of different background errors in the assimilation of satellite radiances and in-situ observational data using WRFDA for three rainfall events over Iran

Satellite radiances and in-situ observations are assimilated through Weather Research and Forecasting Data Assimilation (WRFDA) system into Advanced Research WRF (ARW) model over Iran and its neighboring area. Domain specific background error based on x and y components of wind speed (UV) control variables is calculated for WRFDA system and some sensitivity experiments are carried out to compare the impact of global background error and the domain specific background errors, both on the precipitation and 2-m temperature forecasts over Iran. Three precipitation events that occurred over the country during January, September and October 2014 are simulated in three different experiments and the results for precipitation and 2-m temperature are verified against the verifying surface observations. Results show that using domain specific background error improves 2-m temperature and 24-h accumulated precipitation forecasts consistently, while global background error may even degrade the forecasts compared to the experiments without data assimilation. The improvement in 2-m temperature is more evident during the first forecast hours and decreases significantly as the forecast length increases.     

某型军教机发动机停车故障分析与诊断

针对某型军教机从装备部队以来多次出现的发动机停车故障，采用模糊决策方法进行诊断，客观、科学地建立了模糊诊断矩阵，为该型军教机发动机停车故障的快速诊断和维修提供了一种科学且行之有效的决策方法。     

卫星状态智能诊断知识库设计方法

及时准确地发现并处理卫星出现的异常,对卫星运控管理非常重要,关系到卫星在轨使用寿命。设计卫星状态智能诊断知识库,基于该知识库构建的卫星在轨状态自动化报警诊断系统,能够辅助卫星管理人员进行运控管理,这对提高工作效率、降低管理成本、提高卫星安全性具有重要意义。     

基于自适应观测器的飞轮故障诊断物理仿真

研究了反作用飞轮的故障诊断问题.针对反作用飞轮的非线性数学模型,分析了其故障模式,建立了其故障的参数化描述方法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于参数自适应投影的反作用飞轮故障诊断方法.该方法通过构造观测器,利用参数自适应投影算法来更新参数信息,保证观测器的误差收敛到零.最后对飞轮的正常模式和3种故障模式进行了物理仿真实验,结果表明提出的方法有效可行.     

基于多分类器融合的航空发动机气路故障诊断

为解决航空发动机这一复杂系统的故障诊断问题,提高智能化诊断方法的准确率,使用了D-S证据理论对RBF神经网络、BP神经网络和支持向量机三个诊断子系统的诊断结果进行决策级融合,结果表明D-S证据理论的使用可以达到比单独运用三个子系统具有更好的诊断效能,经过融合降低了误诊率,改善了诊断性能。     

基于LabVIEW的旋转机械监测与诊断系统设计

随着现代科学技术在设备上的应用,旋转机械设备越来越大型化、复杂化,自动化程度也越来越高。因此,对旋转机械监测和诊断系统的要求也越来越高。在分析旋转机械故障易造成重大损失的基础上,阐述了在工业生产中利用虚拟仪器构建状态监测与诊断系统的优越性。提出了基于LabVIEW的旋转机械监测与诊断的硬件及软件解决方案,可以满足方便地监测各类转子工况以及及时做出准确的故障诊断的要求。     

基于自适应UKF的敏感器故障诊断算法

针对非线性系统中敏感器测量过程存在异常干扰和出现仪器故障问题,提出一种基于自适应UKF(Unscented Kalman Filtering)的鲁棒故障诊断算法.算法通过新息特性分析引入自适应矩阵对异常干扰和仪器故障建立系统级抑制和部件级诊断.系统级检测将UKF的新息特性通过自适应函数引入状态预测,修正异常值对状态预测值的影响,达到对异常干扰的鲁棒性.部件级检测将新息特性分解成各部件参数的新息特性,建立各自敏感器的自适应矩阵,通过对自适应矩阵的迹进行判断,检测是否发生故障并隔离故障.仿真结果表明,算法对异常值具有较强的鲁棒性,对测量仪器失效造成的故障能够准确地检测并给出故障大小.算法结构简单,计算量小,对工程应用具有较好的参考价值.      

基于我国VLBI网航天器定位归算仿真分析

结合我国VLBI观测网现状,通过仿真计算分析了观测时延噪声与系统差、预报轨道偏差和测距误差等对航天器定位归算的影响。结果表明,仅利用VLBI跟踪时附加飞行器地心距约束有利于压制定位点的弥散。 3站 VLBI跟踪的定位解是有偏估计,4站跟踪时要求所加约束的误差应与预报轨道偏差相当,若过大将起不到压制定位点弥散的良好效果,若过小则会在定位结果中引入系统偏差。时延与测距的观测噪声主要引起定位点序列的弥散。若观测量存在系统差则将引起定位结果的系统性偏差,而且定位点序列会发生渐近线性趋势跳变。同时,这也可以作为观测量是否存在系统差的判据。另外,若某时刻前后VLBI跟踪站存在3、4站变更,定位点序列有时发生趋势变化。分析结论对于我国后续探月和萤火计划等工程实践具有借鉴意义。     

基于变权重最小二乘法的发动机气路故障诊断

针对航空发动机气路部件故障诊断中存在的严重故障诊断问题,提出基于变权重最小二乘法进行发动机故障诊断.该方法在发动机仿真实验的基础上采用加权最小二乘法进行故障诊断,并对算法进行了改进,根据初期诊断结果对故障权重系数矩阵进行修正,使诊断结果更加合理可信.仿真表明,基于变权重最小二乘法的发动机气路故障诊断能快捷有效地诊断气路部件严重故障.