航空发动机燃烧室火焰筒掺混区特性的研究

采用FLUENT6.2软件对某型航空发动机燃烧室火焰筒掺混区的典型工作状态进行了三维两相湍流燃烧温度场、速度场及油滴轨迹的数值计算。通过对计算结果的分析,得出掺混区的特性:掺混区的冷、热区决定出口温场的冷、热区;掺混区燃烧效率对燃烧室效率有一定的影响;高负荷状态的速度场均很相似;随着负荷的增加,油滴轨迹呈减小趋势,模拟计算结果与试验结果及燃烧室工作特点基本一致。     

计入纤维交叉影响的缠绕复合材料等效模量计算方法

本文提出一种用于分析纤维缠绕结构（宏观）的等效弹性模量方法,该方法具有较好的准确性。本文首先基于纤维缠绕微观结构的特点建立代表性体积单元（RVE）,并在此模型中计人纤维束交织现象的影响,对各个工艺参数（缠绕角、纤维束起伏区、交叉面积）的影响进行了计算分析;然后对经典层合板理论与等效模型计算结果进行了对比,指出经典层合板理论计算存在的误差与纤维束起伏区几何参数具有很大关系;最后利用等效均匀化理论得到缠绕结构的宏观弹性模量,并与试验值进行对比,验证了本计算模型和分析方法的准确性。     

Residual Strength of Stiffened LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Panels with Widespread Fatigue Damage

Experimental and analytical investigations on the residual strength of the stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with widespread fatigue damage （WFD） are conducted. Nine stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with three different types of damage are tested for residual strength. Each specimen is pre-cracked at rivet holes by saw cuts and subjected to a monotonically increasing tensile load until failure is occurred and the failure load is recorded. The stress intensity factors at the tips of the lead crack and the adjacent WFD cracks of the stiffened aluminum alloy panels are calculated by compounding approach and finite element method （FEM） respectively. The residual strength of the stiffened panels with WFD is evaluated by the engineering method with plastic zone linkup criterion and the FEM with apparent fracture toughness criterion respectively. The predicted residual strength agrees well with the experiment results. It indicates that in engineering practice these methods can be used for residual strength evaluation with the acceptable accuracy. It can be seen from this research that WFD can significantly reduce the residual strength and the critical crack length of the stiffened panels with WFD. The effect of WFD crack length on residual strength is also studied.     

浅谈民用客机货舱装饰的设计

描述了民用客机货舱装饰的设计要求和功能,以及货舱装饰常用的材料和安装形式.同时指出了货舱装饰设计中的要点,材料的选取和安装形式的确定是货舱装饰设计的重点.     

尾吊布局民机短舱防火区热影响计算分析

本文给出了尾吊布局的民机发动机短舱与机身组合体的三维空气流动与传热的物理和数学模型．根据发动机短舱和机身的组合模型特点,应用非结构化网格和柱状附面层网格对计算区域进行划分,采用k-ε湍流模型和相应的对流换热、辐射换热模型模拟了短舱风扇罩表面着火后对附近机身的热影响．分析认为采用CFD分析可在防火区选型设计阶段起到辅助作...     

可靠性设计中材料屈服极限的最佳选择

根据航空发动机结构完整性大纲, 对于断裂关键件必须进行损伤容限设计分析。由于材料缺陷, 加工缺陷或疲劳引起裂纹的扩展, 都会导致构件断裂, 为此要求在有缺陷(裂纹)的情况下, 构件应能保持足够的损伤容限, 这主要靠正确选用材料, 控制应力水平, 采用抗断裂结构, 控制加工精度及采用可靠的检查方法来实现。      

根据损伤理论计算树脂材料的断裂性能

基于损伤理论,计及裂尖前方空穴和微裂纹等缺陷的影响,利用材料在性能实验中变形过程的损伤变化与含裂纹材料在裂纹扩展过程中的损伤变化的相似性,得到用材料的性能曲线计算材料断裂韧性的方法,并将计算结果与实验结果相比较,结论较为吻合。所提出的用材料的性能曲线直接计算其断裂韧性的方法有可能推广于其他高分子材料。     

2.5D C/SiC复合材料带孔板拉伸破坏的多尺度模拟

为了研究2.5D编织陶瓷基复合材料带孔板的拉伸破坏行为,提出一种可以模拟带孔板细观破坏过程的多尺度计算方法。该方法根据2.5D编织陶瓷基复合材料的细观结构建立细观模型,通过子模型法将平板的宏观有限元模型和孔周围区域的细观有限元模型耦合在一起,然后采用渐进损伤计算方法完成带孔板破坏的多尺度模拟。计算结果表明,带孔板在拉伸载荷较低时出现初始损伤,随着载荷的加大经纱发生轴向拉伸破坏,纬纱发生横向的破坏。裂纹从孔边沿横向扩展至板的两端,最终整个板完全断裂失效。失效时的应变为0.375%,最大加载应力为221.7MPa。     

轻型燃气轮机燃烧室NOx 排放估算

为了解决NOx排放预估问题,应用数值模拟方法研究轻型燃气轮机燃烧室NOx排放规律。将数值分析结果与文献中经验公式计算数据进行比较与分析,验证数值方法的准确性;基于进口压力、空气质量流量、主燃区温度3个参数拟合NOx排放预估公式。结果表明:数值模拟得到的NOx排放值与文献中经验公式计算出的符合度较高;结合数值计算结果得到的NOx排放预估公式;该公式能有效反映上述3个参数对NOx排放的影响;采用验证后的高精度数值模拟方法建立的NOx预估模型所得结果具有一定的科学性及可靠性,并可降低试验成本。     

Predicting the vulnerability of spacecraft components: Modelling debris impact effects through vulnerable-zones

The space environment around the Earth is populated by more than 130 million objects of 1 mm in size and larger, and future predictions shows that this amount is destined to increase, even if mitigation measures are implemented at a far better rate than today. These objects can hit and damage a spacecraft or its components. It is thus necessary to assess the risk level for a satellite during its mission lifetime. Few software packages perform this analysis, and most of them employ time-consuming ray-tracing methodology, where particles are randomly sampled from relevant distributions. In addition, they tend not to consider the risk associated with the secondary debris clouds. The paper presents the development of a vulnerability assessment model, which relies on a fully statistical procedure: the debris fluxes are directly used combining them with the concept of vulnerable zone, avoiding the random sampling the debris fluxes. A novel methodology is presented to predict damage on internal components. It models the interaction between the components and the secondary debris cloud through basic geometrical operations, considering mutual shielding and shadowing between internal components. The methodologies are tested against state-of-the-art software for relevant test cases, comparing results on external structures and internal components.