软土地区水平定向钻施工对周围环境的影响

通过水平定向钻在市政工程中的广泛应用,水平定向钻施工越来越显示出它的优势,其施工对周围环境的影响需要评估。为此,对水平定向钻小直径管道施工过程引起的力学效应进行了讨论,重点探讨了拉力、扭矩和泥浆的影响,同时通过分析沉降位移监测值,就具体施工过程所带来的影响进行了讨论,得出了有益的结论。     

卫星轴承钢珠精化技术研究

为了适应卫星轴承钢珠精化的需要,建立了研磨过程中钢珠的动力学解析模型,分析了球与四研头之间的运动、四研头转向与球面加工、摩擦力与加工精度等关系。并采用倒置式正四面体形结构,在转轴与研头之间设计了具有自适应功能的浮动联轴器,进行了钢珠加工的实验研究。     

滚珠摆式地平表的修正运动分析

介绍了滚珠摆式地平表的工作原理，分析了滚珠形成的修正力矩，计算出陀螺的修正运动规律，绘出了尖顶运动的轨迹图。指出：陀螺自转轴的起始指向对地平表的指示精度有严重影响。必须严格遵循地平表的启动程序，才能使仪表处于正常工作状态。     

一种柔性接头力矩特性辨识方法

介绍柔性接头力矩特性参数一种增广最小二乘辨识方法，并在试验数据基础上获得辨识参数，同时进行数字仿真，对所建立的数学模型进行验证，认为这种辨识方法可信。     

基于 N-S 方程的飞机风挡雨刷气动力计算

风挡雨刷在飞行过程中易出现被气流吹离复位位置、飘起现象,阻碍飞行员视野,严重影响飞行安全。选取某型机风挡雨刷作为优化对象,采用了结构、非结构混合网格的办法,在机身壁面附近生成结构化网格,在雨刷机构表面生成非结构化网格,用 Interface 面将两部分结合生成雨刷最终计算模型。利用 Fluent 软件,基于 N-S 方程和 S-A 湍流模型,采用时间平均法对不可压缩流的参数进行时均化,计算了不同飞行状态下,风挡雨刷在复位位置以不同角度停放及增加扰流板时所受气动力,对风挡雨刷的外形及停放角度进行优化,比较分析了优化前后雨刷所受气动力。仿真计算结果表明,雨刷合理的停放角度、在刷臂上加装扰流板能有效引导风挡雨刷迎风面气流的方向,从而减小雨刷迎风面所受气动力。通过试飞验证了数值计算的可靠性及优化方案的可行性,为风挡雨刷预紧力的设置及复位位置的确定提供依据。     

三轴承偏转喷管驱动力矩计算及动态特性分析

基于三轴承偏转喷管（3BSN）运动规律模型及给定的三轴承偏转喷管偏转规律,建立三轴承偏转喷管各段旋转喷管的驱动力矩计算模型.分别对3段旋转喷管进行了受力分析,得出了喷管重力及燃气气动力对各段喷管旋转瞬轴的力矩随喷管偏转角度的变化规律.改变喷管可实现最大偏转角度及第2,3段喷管长度得出了喷管几何参数对各段喷管旋转瞬轴力矩的影响.第2,3段喷管气动力对喷管旋转瞬轴的最大力矩随喷管可实现最大偏转角度的增大而增大,且位置发生在最大偏转角度的约70%角度位置.第2,3段喷管气动力对喷管旋转瞬轴的力矩随第2,3段喷管长度的增加而增大.     

航空发动机双转子系统临界转速求解方法

针对航空发动机转子动力学设计需求,将有限元法与振型筛选法相结合,提出适于工程应用的临界转速求解方法,结合算例详细论述了完全法和缩减法的求解过程。研究结果表明:两种求解方法的结果完全一致,而缩减法求解过程迭代次数少,更为方便;某双转子系统,顺转时存在5阶临界转速,而反转时在相同的转速范围内将增加n=3,n=4和n=5的反进动临界转速,临界转速的密集性导致反转转子的动力学设计更为复杂。     

Experimental discrimination of electrostatic and magnetic forces in particle–particle aggregation

The aggregates formed in low gravity are generally fractals. The fractal dimensions and the site growth probability measures of the resulting fractal structures strongly depend on the properties of the forces that cause the aggregation. Using some approximations, we solved the equation of motion and obtained the relation giving the particles separation as a function of time. The electric force between two charged particles and the magnetic force between two particles with a magnetic moment were considered. The two relations are different and it is shown that one can identify and separate these two interactions by analysing the recording of the aggregation. The apparatus used to record the aggregation has a resolution in the order of one micrometer per pixel and has the possibility of recording simultaneously two views at right angles. From a three dimensional recording of an aggregation, it will be possible to obtain the product of the two charges or magnetic moments causing the aggregation.     

Ionospheric slab thickness – Analysis, modelling and monitoring

A review of the climatological and storm-time behaviour of the ionospheric slab thickness is presented based on long-time observations at a European mid-latitude site, Dourbes (50.1°N, 04.6°E), and on published results from other studies. An operational electron density and slab thickness monitoring system, established to provide real-time characterisation of the local ionospheric dynamics, is outlined together with some exemplary results.     

Storm time behavior of topside scale height inferred from the ionosphere–plasmasphere model driven by the F2 layer peak and GPS-TEC observations

The International Reference Ionosphere model extended to the plasmasphere, IRI-Plas, presents global electron density profiles and total electron content, TECiri, up to the altitude of the GPS satellites (20,000 km). The model code is modified by input of GPS-derived total electron content, TECgps, so that the topside scale height, Hsc, is obtained minimizing in one step the difference between TECiri and TECgps observation. The topside basis scale height, Hsc, presents the distance in km above the peak height at which the peak plasma density, NmF2, decays by a factor of e (∼2.718). The ionosonde derived F2 layer peak density and height and GPS-derived TECgps data are used with IRI-Plas code during the main phase of more than 100 space weather storms for a period of 1999–2006. Data of seven stations are used for the analysis, and data from five other stations served as testing database. It is found that the topside basis scale height is growing (depressing) when the peak electron density (critical frequency foF2) and electron content are decreased (increased) compared to the median value, and vice versa. Relative variability of the scale height, rHsc, and the instantaneous Hsc are inferred analytically in a function of the instantaneous foF2, median fmF2 and median Hmsc avoiding a reference to geomagnetic indices. Results of validation suggest reliability of proposed algorithm for implementation in an operational mode.