二维小波变换及其在医学图像处理中的应用

介绍了二维离散小波变换的一般形式，在图像分解的基础上．分析了二维小波变换在医学图像消噪和图像增强中的应用，同时给出应用实例。结果表明，应用小波分析进行医学图像处理，能够有效地改善图像质量，有利于医生对病情的诊断和治疗。     

用Radon变换迭代法重建含有遮挡物的三维折射率场

本文通过计算机模拟研究，结合气体折射率场的光验知识．考查了将Ｒａｄｏｎ变换迭代法用于光学干涉层析计量含有遮挡物的三维折射率场的重建精度。作为一个应用实例，测量和计算了某一截面的气体温度分布，并与热电偶测量的值进行了比较。     

Hybrid integration method for highly maneuvering radar target detection based on a Markov motion model

To detect highly maneuvering radar targets in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, a hybrid long-time integration method is proposed, which combines Radon-Fourier Transform (RFT), Dynamic Programming (DP), and Binary Integration (BI), named RFT-DP-BI. A Markov model with unified range-velocity quantification is formulated to describe the maneuvering target’s motion. Based on this model, long-time hybrid integration is performed. Firstly, the whole integration time is divided into multiple time segments and coherent integration is performed in each segment via RFT. Secondly, non-coherent integration is performed in all segments via DP. Thirdly, 2/4 binary integration is performed to further improve the detection performance. Finally, the detection results are exported together with target range and velocity trajectories. The proposed method can perform the long-time integration of highly maneuvering targets with arbitrary forms of motion. Additionally, it has a low computational cost that is linear to the integration time. Both simulated and real radar data demonstrate that it offers good detection and estimation performances.     

Multi-state autonomous drilling for lunar exploration

Due to the lack of information of subsurface lunar regolith stratification which varies along depth, the drilling device may encounter lunar soil and lunar rock randomly in the drilling process. To meet the load safety requirements of unmanned sampling mission under limited orbital resources, the control strategy of autonomous drilling should adapt to the indeterminable lunar environments. Based on the analysis of two types of typical drilling media (i.e., lunar soil and lunar rock), this paper proposes a multi-state control strategy for autonomous lunar drilling. To represent the working circumstances in the lunar subsurface and reduce the complexity of the control algo-rithm, lunar drilling process was categorized into three drilling states:the interface detection, initi-ation of drilling parameters for recognition and drilling medium recognition. Support vector machine (SVM) and continuous wavelet transform were employed for the online recognition of dril-ling media and interface, respectively. Finite state machine was utilized to control the transition among different drilling states. To verify the effectiveness of the multi-state control strategy, drilling experiments were implemented with multi-layered drilling media constructed by lunar soil simulant and lunar rock simulant. The results reveal that the multi-state control method is capable of detect-ing drilling state variation and adjusting drilling parameters timely under vibration interferences. The multi-state control method provides a feasible reference for the control of extraterrestrial autonomous drilling.     

Real-time object tracking via least squares transformation in spatial and Fourier domains for unmanned aerial vehicles

This paper addresses the problem of real-time object tracking for unmanned aerial vehicles. We consider the task of object tracking as a classification problem. Training a good classifier always needs a huge number of samples, which is always time-consuming and not suitable for realtime applications. In this paper, we transform the large-scale least-squares problem in the spatial domain to a series of small-scale least-squares problems with constraints in the Fourier domain using the correlation filter technique. Then, this problem is efficiently solved by two stages. In the first stage, a fast method based on recursive least squares is used to solve the correlation filter problem without constraints in the Fourier domain. In the second stage, a weight matrix is constructed to prune the solution attained in the first stage to approach the constraints in the spatial domain. Then, the pruned classifier is used for tracking. To evaluate proposed tracker's performance, comprehensive experiments are conducted on challenging aerial sequences in the UAV123 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed approach achieves a state-ofthe-art tracking performance in aerial sequences and operates at a mean speed of beyond 40 frames/s. For further analysis of proposed tracker's robustness, extensive experiments are also performed on recent benchmarks OTB50, OTB100, and VOT2016.     

基于局部三角变换的OFDM系统

正交频分复用(OFDM)调制技术由于具有良好的抗多径干扰能力和高效的频谱利用率,在许多数字传输系统中被广泛应用,成为当今卫星通信研究的热点。本文提出了基于局部三角变换（LTT）的OFDM系统模型,该系统带外频率谱密度下降快,并能保持相邻的OFDM符号的正交性。给出了用离散余弦变换（DCT）实现的快速算法及复杂度,并考查了最优基的选取。仿真和分析结果表明：该系统误码率比基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的系统更小,能更好地适应高速传输带来的大多普勒频移,更有效地利用带宽,为接收端对高速数据的解调提供很好的保证。     

新型星载多波束相控阵天线分布式数字波束成形网络设计与实现

 针对16波束61阵元数字波束成形（DBF）星载相控阵天线的高速信号处理要求,提出以实信号处理为主体的分布式DBF网络架构,较复信号处理模式节省了一半的资源和数据传输量。通过时域Hilbert变换和分布式算法对波束成形网络各单元进行合理设计,降低了算法的运算量,也减少了硬件资源开销;同时通过单音闭环校正回路设计,改善了射频通道一致性。研制了DBF网络硬件平台和半实物仿真系统,验证了算法设计的正确性。本文提出的算法对资源有限的阵列信号处理有一定的借鉴意义。     

一种小波变换像空间的再生核

利用一个常用的调制高斯函数作为小波母函数,得到小波变换像空间的再生核函数的具体表达式和小波变换的等距恒等式,并分析了小波变换像空间的结构,为一般的小波变换的像空间的研究提供了理论基础。     

基于广义S变换进行雷达信号时频滤波去噪

S变换自问世以来,凭借其优越性已经被广泛地应用于数字信号处理中。针对深空目标雷达回波信号的复杂性,为了得到较好的雷达回波信号,将基于广义S变换的时频滤波应用于雷达回波信号去噪中,并利用低通滤波器设计了时频滤波算子,克服了传统滤波去噪方法滤波因子不能随时间、频率变化而变化的缺陷。通过理论分析与仿真波形对比表明,滤波后能有效地去除噪声,很好地保留了原始雷达回波信号的信号特征,展示了基于广义S变换的时频滤波的可行性,为雷达回波信号去噪提供提供了一种很好的方法。     

分数阶Fourier域非均匀采样Chirp信号的频谱研究

文中提出了一种自适应非均匀采样方法,并利用分数阶Fourier变换对这类非均匀采样信号在分数阶域的频谱进行了分析和研究,得到了这类非均匀采样信号在分数阶域的数字谱表达式;进一步得到了非均匀采样Chirp信号的分数阶频谱表达式;最后,通过仿真验证了结论。